scholarly journals Study of non-conventional fuels for explosives mixes

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salatiel Assis Resende ◽  
Valdir Costa e Silva ◽  
Hernani Mota de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Corn Cob

The use of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil (ANFO) results in low cost blasting. Such costs may be further reduced by replacing fuel oil with alternative fuels such as biomass (biodiesel, rice straw, corn cob, sugar cane bagasse) and tires residue. This paper investigates the use of other fuels instead of fuel oil by measuring the detonation velocity (VOD) and verifying the importance of these fuels in an explosive mixture. Except for biodiesel, all the tests conducted for the mixture of ammonium nitrate and alternative fuels showed poor performance when compared with ANFO. The achieved percentage of detonation velocity (VOD) of the mixtures in relation to the ANFO were 55.4% for ammonium nitrate + rice straw, 64.9% for ammonium nitrate + corn cob, 70.1% for ammonium nitrate + sugar cane bagasse, 74.4% for ammonium nitrate + tires residue and 93.7% for ammonium nitrate + biodiesel. This study indicates that the methodology proposed can be applied as a reference for determination and preparation of explosive mixtures of fuel and oxidizing agents since in all the tests conducted the detonation of the charges occurred.

Functional Analysis and Exergoeconomic Evaluation for the Combined Production of Electromechanical Power and Useful Heat of a Cogeneration Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Washington Orlando Irrazabal Bohorquez ◽  
Joa˜o Roberto Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
The Us ◽  
Electrical Generation

In the Ecuadorian electrical market, several sugar plants, which significantly participate in the local electricity market, are producing their own energy and commercializing the surplus to the electrical market. This study evaluates the integral use of the sugar cane bagasse for productive process on a Cogeneration Power Plant in an Ecuadorian Sugar Company [8]. The electrical generation based on biomass requires a great initial investment. The cost is around US$ 800/kW installed, twice the US$ 400/kW initial investment of conventional thermoelectric power plant and almost equal to the US$ 1,000/kW initial cost of hydroelectric power plant [5]. A thermoeconomic study was carried out on the production of electricity and the sales of the surplus of 27 MWe average produced by the power plant. An operational analysis was made using instantaneous values from the estimated curves of demand and generation of electricity. From the results, it was concluded that the generated electricity costs are 0.0443 US$/kWh, while the costs of the electricity from Fossil Power Plants (burning fuel oil, diesel fuel and natural gas) are in the range 0.03–0.15 US$/kWh and from Hydroelectric Plants are about 0.02 US$/kWh. Cogeneration power plants burning sugar cane bagasse could contribute to the mitigation of climatic change. This specific case study shows the reduction of the prospective emissions of greenhouse gases, around 55,188 ton of CO2 equivalent yearly for this cogeneration power plant.

Multi fungal cellulases produced on pretreated sugar cane bagasse and rice straw cooperative actions

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
El- Mahdy S. M. ◽  
H. A. Emara ◽  
M. Abd El-Salam ◽  
Ahmed M. Eldin
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse

scholarly journals Targeted Substituted-Phenol Production by Strategic Hydrogenolysis of Sugar-Cane Lignin

Biomass ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28
Author(s):  
Danielle Munick de Albuquerque Fragoso ◽  
Henrique Fonseca Goulart ◽  
Antonio Euzebio Goulart Santana ◽  
Samuel David Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Acetone Water ◽  
Target Molecules

In this work, a waste-derived lignin with abundant uncondensed linkages, using accessible solvents (acetone/water mixture) and low-cost catalysts showed successful depolymerization for the production of target molecules 4-ethylphenol, 4-propyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 4-propyl-2-methoxyphenol. Lignin samples were obtained from sugar-cane bagasse residue by an organosolv process. Four alumina-based catalysts (Pt/Al2O3, Rh/Al2O3, Ni/Al2O3 and Fe/Al2O3) were used to depolymerize the sugar cane lignin (SCL) in an acetone/water mixture 50/50 v/v at 573 K and 20 barg hydrogen. This strategic depolymerisation-hydrogenolysis process resulted in the molecular weight of the SCL being reduced by half while the polydispersity also decreased. Catalysts significantly improved product yield compared to thermolysis. Specific metals directed product distribution and yield, Rh/Al2O3 gave the highest overall yield (13%), but Ni/Al2O3 showed the highest selectivity to a given product (~32% to 4-ethylphenol). Mechanistic routes were proposed either from lignin fragments or from the main polymer. Catalysts showed evidence of carbon laydown that was specific to the lignin rather than the catalyst. These results showed that control over selectivity could be achievable by appropriate combination of catalyst, lignin and solvent mixture.

scholarly journals Removal of Arsenic from Paint Industries Wastewater by Chemically Modified Low-Cost Adsorbent Derived from Sugar Cane Bagasse

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 1390-1398
Author(s):  
Melese Ayalew Yalew ◽  
Mariye Majo Shute ◽  
Tsehaye Yigzaw Tessema ◽  
Alemayehu Kiflu ◽  
Teka Girmay Hishe
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

scholarly journals Electrochemical Corrosion of Galvanized Steel in Binary Sustainable Concrete Made with Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) and Silica Fume (SF) Exposed to Sulfates

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2133
Author(s):  
Laura Landa-Ruiz ◽  
Miguel Angel Baltazar-Zamora ◽  
Juan Bosch ◽  
Jacob Ress ◽  
Griselda Santiago-Hurtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Aggressive Medium ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Sustainable Concrete ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash

This research evaluates the behavior corrosion of galvanized steel (GS) and AISI 1018 carbon steel (CS) embedded in conventional concrete (CC) made with 100% CPC 30R and two binary sustainable concretes (BSC1 and BSC2) made with sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) and silica fume (SF), respectively, after 300 days of exposure to 3.5 wt.% MgSO4 solution as aggressive medium. Electrochemical techniques were applied to monitor corrosion potential (Ecorr) according to ASTM C-876-15 and linear polarization resistance (LPR) according to ASTM G59 for determining corrosion current density (icorr). Ecorr and icorr results indicate after more than 300 days of exposure to the sulfate environment (3.5 wt.% MgSO4 solution), that the CS specimens embedded in BSC1 and BSC2 presented greater protection against corrosion in 3.5 wt.% MgSO4 than the specimens embedded in CC. It was also shown that this protection against sulfates is significantly increased when using GS reinforcements. The results indicate a higher resistance to corrosion by exposure to 3.5 wt.% magnesium sulfate two times greater for BSC1 and BSC2 specimens reinforced with GS than the specimens embedding CS. In summary, the combination of binary sustainable concrete with galvanized steel improves durability and lifetime in service, in addition to reducing the environmental impact of the civil engineering structures.

Extraction of lignin from sugar cane bagasse and Pinus taeda wood chips using ethanol–water mixtures and carbon dioxide at high pressures

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Pasquini ◽  
Maria Teresa Borges Pimenta ◽  
Luiz Henrique Ferreira ◽  
Antonio Aprigio da Silva Curvelo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse ◽  
Wood Chips
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