scholarly journals The effect of a self-constructed material on children’s physical activity during recess

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Méndez-Giménez ◽  
José-Antonio Cecchini ◽  
Javier Fernández-Río
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sedentary Activity

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze whether an intervention supported by free play with a self-constructed material increases the level of physical activity of students during recess. METHODS The participants were 166 children of third to sixth grade, between nine and 12 years old (average = 10.64; SS = 1.13). An experimental project was conducted with pre-test and post-test measurement, and a control group. Experimental group participants built cardboard paddles (third and fourth) and flying rings (fifth and sixth), a material they used freely for one week during recess. ActiGraph-GT3X accelerometers were used to measure physical activity. An ANOVA of repeated measures was used to find differences between groups and genders. RESULTS Significant intervention effects were found in the analyzed variables: sedentary activity (F = 38.19; p < 0.01), light (F = 76.56; p < 0.01), moderate (F = 27.44; p < 0.01), vigorous (F = 61.55; p < 0.01), and moderate and vigorous (F = 68.76; p < 0.01). Significant gender differences were shown (time × group × gender) for moderate (F = 6.58; p < 0.05) and vigorous (F = 5.51; p < 0.05) activity. CONCLUSIONS The self-constructed material is effective to increase the physical activity levels of children during recess; it decreases sedentary activity and light physical activity and increases the time devoted to moderate physical activity and vigorous physical activity, both in boys and in girls. The boys had an increase in vigorous physical activity and the girls in moderate physical activity. Due to its low cost, this strategy is recommended for administrators and teachers to increase the physical activity of children during recess.

Exploring Preschoolers’ Physical Activity and Sedentary Time During Outdoor Play at Childcare: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Brianne A. Bruijns ◽  
Leigh M. Vanderloo ◽  
Brian W. Timmons ◽  
Patricia Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Outdoor Play ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environment Study ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) offers many health benefits for preschoolers (2.5–5 y). In childcare, MVPA is predominantly accumulated outdoors, with higher rates purported among children within the first few minutes outside. The Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment intervention included shorter, more frequent outdoor play sessions; this study sought to explore children’s activity levels during various outdoor play schedules. Methods: During the final week of the Supporting Physical Activity in the Childcare Environment intervention, preschoolers wore an Actical™ accelerometer for 5 days during childcare and staff logged outdoor times. Separate linear mixed effects models were run to explore the effect of the intervention on preschoolers’ physical activity (total and MVPA) and sedentary time during outdoor play. Sex was entered as an interaction effect. Results: Preschoolers (n = 292) were significantly more active in the first 10 minutes outdoors compared with remaining time (P < .0083). For total outdoor time, children in the experimental group engaged in significantly less sedentary time than those in the control group (P < .017), and experimental group boys and girls engaged in higher MVPA than boys and girls in the control group (P < .017). Conclusions: Findings support scheduling more frequent outdoor play sessions in childcare to increase physical activity participation among young children.

scholarly journals Effects of a Fundamental Motor Skill-Based Afterschool Program on Children’s Physical and Cognitive Health Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonyoung Lee ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu ◽  
Xiangli Gu ◽  
Ping Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Afterschool Program ◽  
Cognitive Health

Globally, more than half of school-aged children do not engage in the recommended 60 minutes of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Given that developing sufficient fundamental motor skills (FMS) competence during early elementary school years is important for a child’s physical and cognitive development, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an 8-week FMS-based afterschool program on physical and cognitive health outcomes among elementary children. Participants were 31 K–2 students (19 girls, 12 boys; Mage = 6.65 ± 0.98) from three public elementary schools in the southwestern United States who were assigned to the intervention group (FMS-based afterschool program; n = 20) or the control group (traditional afterschool program; n = 11). A 2 × 2 repeated measures MANOVA showed significant changes in FMS competence and MVPA between the intervention and the control group over time. However, no significant changes were found in cognitive functioning. The 8-week FMS-based afterschool program showed significant improvements in FMS competence and MVPA, compared to a traditional afterschool program. This finding suggests that structured FMS-focused strategies (e.g., fun games and goal setting) can be a critical component when implementing a physical activity program to enhance children’s motor skills and physical activity behavior.

Environmental Influences on Physical Activity in Rural Adults: The Relative Contributions of Home, Church, and Work Settings

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 996-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C. Kegler ◽  
Deanne W. Swan ◽  
Iris Alcantara ◽  
Louise Wrensford ◽  
Karen Glanz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Relative Contribution

Background:This study examines the relative contribution of social (eg, social support) and physical (eg, programs and facilities) aspects of worksite, church, and home settings to physical activity levels among adults in rural communities.Methods:Data are from a cross-sectional survey of 268 African American and Caucasian adults, ages 40–70, living in southwest Georgia. Separate regression models were developed for walking, moderate, vigorous, and total physical activity as measured in METs-minutes-per-week.Results:Social support for physical activity was modest in all 3 settings (mean scores 1.5–1.9 on a 4-point scale). Participants reported limited (<1) programs and facilities for physical activity at their worksites and churches. An interaction of physical and social aspects of the home setting was observed for vigorous and moderate physical activity and total METs. There were also interactions between gender and social support at church for vigorous activity among women, and between race and the physical environment at church for moderate physical activity. A cross-over interaction was found between home and church settings for vigorous physical activity. Social support at church was associated with walking and total METs.Conclusions:Homes and churches may be important behavioral settings for physical activity among adults in rural communities.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Benefits of Learning to Ride a Two-Wheel Bicycle for Children With Down Syndrome: A Randomized Trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 1463-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale A. Ulrich ◽  
Amy R. Burghardt ◽  
Meghann Lloyd ◽  
Chad Tiernan ◽  
Joseph E. Hornyak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Sedentary Activity ◽  
Randomized Intervention ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Experimental Group

Background People with Down syndrome (DS) display consistent patterns of physical inactivity. If these sedentary behaviors continue over extended periods of time, there will be negative health consequences. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the physical activity and health-related outcomes of teaching children with DS to ride a 2-wheel bicycle. Design This study was a randomized intervention in which the control group waited 1 year to receive the intervention. Setting This intervention study was conducted in a community setting. Participants The participants were children who were 8 to 15 years of age and who had been diagnosed with DS. Intervention The participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (bicycle intervention) or a control group (no intervention). Measurements Measurements were obtained in the month before the intervention (preintervention), at 7 weeks after the intervention, and at 12 months after the preintervention measurement for all participants. Results The results indicated no group differences at the preintervention session. Fifty-six percent of the participants in the experimental group successfully learned to ride a 2-wheel bicycle during the 5-day intervention. Analysis showed that participants who learned to ride spent significantly less time in sedentary activity at 12 months after the preintervention measurement and more time in moderate to vigorous physical activity than participants in the control group. Body fat appeared to be positively influenced over time in participants who learned to ride. Limitations It is unknown how frequently the children in the experimental group rode their bicycles after the intervention. Conclusions Most children who are 8 to 15 years of age and who have been diagnosed with DS can learn to ride a 2-wheel bicycle. Learning to ride can reduce time spent in sedentary activity and increase time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity, which may influence the health and functioning of these children.

scholarly journals Recreo organizado como estrategia para mejorar los niveles actividad física y condición física en adolescentes escolares (Organized recess as a strategy to improve physical activity levels and physical condition in adolescents)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 403-401
Author(s):  
Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽  
Sebastián Molina Roblero ◽  
Gerson Luis De Moraes Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Shuttle Run ◽  
Lunch Time

  El propósito del estudio fue identificar los efectos de una intervención durante recreos escolares sobre la condición física y actividad física en una muestra de adolescentes chilenos. Participaron 50 escolares voluntarios (27 chicas), con un promedio de 14,2 ± 1,3 años. Grupo control (n=21) y grupo intervención (n=29). Se realizaron actividades dirigidas en el patio del colegio durante los dos recreos de las mañanas por 12 semanas. Se evaluó el test de 20m ida-vuelta, dinamometría manual, composición corporal, cuestionario PAQ-A y acelerometría. El grupo intervención (GI), tuvo mejor nivel de actividad física que el grupo control (GC), durante los recreos, clase de Educación Física, hora de almuerzo y más pasos/día (p<0,05). En conclusión, la participación activa durante los recreos puede aumentar los minutos de actividad física moderada-vigorosa y mejorar la condición física cardiorrespiratoria. Abstract. The purpose of this project was to identify the effects of an intervention during school recesses on physical condition and physical activity in Chilean adolescents. Fifty volunteer students (27 girls) participated, with an average of 14.2 ± 1.3 years. Control group (n=21) and intervention group (n=29). Targeted activities were carried out in the schoolyard during the two recesses in the morning, for 12 weeks. Pre and post test, the 20m shuttle run test, manual dynamometry, body composition, PAQ-A questionnaire and accelerometry were evaluated. The intervention group (GI), had better levels of physical activity than the control group (GC), during recess, physical education class, lunch time and steps/day (p <0.05). In conclusion, the active participation during recesses can increase minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity and improve cardiorespiratory fitness.

Structure of Physical Activity Opportunities Contribution to Children’s Physical Activity Levels in After-School Programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 512-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Chandler ◽  
Keith Brazendale ◽  
Clemens Drenowatz ◽  
Justin B. Moore ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Free Play ◽  
After School Programs ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
After School ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

Background: The primary purpose of this study was to determine which physical activity (PA) opportunity elicits the most moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) in after-school programs. This study used a 3-group cross-over design in which participants were exposed to 3 variations of activity structures: free play, organized, or a mixture. Methods: PA was measured using ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers. All data were transformed into percentage of time spent sedentary or in MVPA. Repeated-measures mixed-effects models were used to examine differences in MVPA and sedentary among the 3 activity sessions. Participants included 197 unique children, aged 5–12 years, and were 53% male and 55% white. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in the percentage of time boys spent in MVPA during free play and mixed compared with organized only sessions (35.8% and 34.8% vs 29.4%). No significant difference was observed in the percentage of time girls spent in MVPA during free play compared with organized or mixed (27.2% and 26.1% vs 26.1%). Both boys and girls experienced ∼10% less time sedentary during free play compared with the others. Conclusion: Offering free play during PA opportunities can help children attain as much if not more MVPA compared with only offering organized, adult-led games.

scholarly journals Moderators of Change in Physical Activity Levels during Restrictions Due to COVID-19 Pandemic in Young Urban Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6392
Author(s):  
Josip Karuc ◽  
Maroje Sorić ◽  
Ivan Radman ◽  
Marjeta Mišigoj-Duraković
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Urban Adults

This study aimed to investigate moderators of change in physical activity (PA) levels after 30 days (30-d) of restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic in young adults. This research is an extension of the CRO-PALS study and analyses for this study were performed on young adults (20–21 y.o., n = 91). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sport participation, student and socioeconomic status were assessed pre- and post-30-d restrictions. Differences in MVPA levels were examined using repeated-measures ANOVAs. After 30-d of restrictions, the drop in MVPA in females (−64.8 min/day, p = 0.006) and males was shown (−57.7 min/day, p < 0.00). However, active participants decreased, while non-active peers increased their MVPA level (−100.7 min/day, p < 0.00, and +48.9 min/day, p = 0.051, respectively). Moreover, students and non-students decreased their MVPA level (−69.0 min/day, p < 0.00, and −35.0 min/day, p = 0.22, respectively) as well as sport participants and non-sport participants (−95.3 min/day, p < 0.001, and −53.9 min/day, p < 0.00, respectively). Our results suggest that 30-d of restrictions equally affect females and males where the evident drop in MVPA is seen in both genders. However, active people decreased their PA level during lockdown and the opposite pattern was seen in non-active peers, where restrictions for them can represent an opportunity to change their behavior in a positive direction in order to gain better health status.

scholarly journals Accelerometer-measured physical activity and its impact on sleep quality in patients suffering from restless legs syndrome

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Reimers ◽  
V. Heidenreich ◽  
H-J Bittermann ◽  
G. Knapp ◽  
C. D. Reimers
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The primary symptoms of restless legs syndrome (RLS) are sleep onset insomnia and difficulty to maintain sleep. Previous studies have shown that regular physical activity can reduce the risk of developing RLS. However, the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality parameters in individuals suffering from RLS has not yet been investigated by applying accelerometry. Thus, the present study investigates the impact of physical activity (measuring both intensity levels and duration of physical activity) during the day (7–12 h, 12–18 h, 18–23 h) on sleep quality in patients suffering from idiopathic RLS by applying a real-time approach. Methods In a sample of 47 participants suffering from idiopathic RLS, physical activity and sleep quality were measured over one week using accelerometers. For data analysis, physical activity levels and step counts during three periods of the day (morning, afternoon, evening) were correlated with sleep quality parameters of the subsequent night. Results This observational study revealed that in most instances physical activity was not correlated with sleep parameters (two exceptions exist: steps taken in the morning were negatively correlated with periodic leg movements during sleep, and physical activity in the evening was negatively correlated with total sleep time). The physical activity levels of the participants in this study, however, were unexpectedly high compared to population-level data and variance in physical activity was low. The average activity was 13,817 (SD = 4086) steps and 347 (SD = 117) minutes of moderate physical activity per day in females, and 10,636 (SD = 3748) steps and 269 (SD = 69) minutes of moderate physical activity in males, respectively. Participants did not engage in any vigorous physical activity. Conclusions Further interventional studies are needed to investigate the daily effects of different intensities of physical activity on RLS symptoms.

scholarly journals Youth Sport Practice Model Gets More Kids Active with More Time Practicing Skills (Un modelo de entrenamiento deportivo para aumentar los niveles de actividad de los jóvenes y de tiempo de práctica de habilidades)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
Michael A. Kanters ◽  
Thomas L. McKenzie ◽  
Michael B. Edwards ◽  
Jason N. Bocarro ◽  
Matthew T. Mahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Youth Sport ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
New Model ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent Of Task

Abstract. Due to the increasing number of children participating in sport, sport clubs and organizations have been identified as an important setting to facilitate physical activity and health promotion. The purpose of this study was to examine whether new national policies for sport practice increases physical activity time without compromising skill development time. Two comparative samples of youth sport leagues with contrasting sport practice models were evaluated for one year. Eighty-two recreational league hockey practices (ages 9-10). Of the practices, 43 used the new approach while 39 operated under a traditional structure. Momentary time sampling was used to measure player physical activity levels and the practice context in which they occur. A Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) score was calculated for each practice. Participants spent 44% of practice time engaged in sedentary activities, 33% in moderate physical activity, and 23% in vigorous physical activity. While individual minutes in MVPA and MET scores did not differ significantly between the practice types, new model practices provided overall higher MET hours than traditional practices. New model practices also accommodated approximately 60% more players while having twice as many coaches, a lower player-to-coach ratio, higher percentage of time in vigorous physical activity, and more time dedicated to skill drills/activities. Findings suggest sport practices can be structured to facilitate high levels of physical activity for more children without compromising attention to skill development and instruction.Resumen. Objetivo: Debido al creciente número de niños que participan en el deporte, los clubes y organizaciones deportivas han sido identificados como un marco importante para facilitar la actividad física y promoción de la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar si las nuevas políticas nacionales para la práctica del deporte aumentan el tiempo de actividad física sin comprometer el tiempo de desarrollo de habilidades. Se evaluaron durante un año dos muestras comparativas de las ligas deportivas juveniles con modelos contrapuestos de entrenamientos en el deporte. Métodos: Ochenta y dos practicantes a nivel recreativo de la liga de hockey (edades entre 9-10 años). De los entrenamientos, 43 utilizaron el nuevo enfoque mientras que en 39 se trabajó con una estructura tradicional. El muestreo de tiempo momentáneo se utilizó para medir los niveles de actividad física del jugador y el contexto de la práctica en que se producen. Se calculó la puntuación de un equivalente metabólico de tareas (MET) de cada entrenamiento. Resultados: Los participantes dedicaron un 44% del tiempo de la práctica a actividades sedentarias, un 33% en actividad física moderada y el 23% en actividad física vigorosa. Mientras los minutos individuales en AFMV y puntuaciones en MET no difieren significativamente entre los tipos de entrenamiento, los entrenamientos en el nuevo modelo proporcionan valores superiores de MET que los entrenamientos tradicionales. Los entrenamientos del nuevo modelo también acomodan aproximadamente un 60% más de jugadores al tener el doble de entrenadores, un menor ratio de jugador a entrenador, mayor porcentaje de tiempo en actividades físicas vigorosas, y más tiempo dedicado al desarrollo de ejercicios/actividades. Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que los entrenamientos deportivos pueden ser estructurados para facilitar altos niveles de actividad física para más niños sin comprometer la atención sobre el desarrollo de habilidades y la enseñanza.

scholarly journals Alternative Wear-Time Estimation Methods Compared to Traditional Diary Logs for Wrist-Worn ActiGraph Accelerometers in Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Samantha F. Ehrlich ◽  
Amanda J. Casteel ◽  
Scott E. Crouter ◽  
Paul R. Hibbing ◽  
Monique M. Hedderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Wear Time ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Efficient Alternative

Background: This study sought to compare three sensor-based wear-time estimation methods to conventional diaries for ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers worn on the non-dominant wrist in early pregnancy. Methods: Pregnant women (n = 108) wore ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers for seven days and recorded their device on and off times in a diary (criterion). Average daily wear-time estimates from the Troiano and Choi algorithms and the wGT3X-BT accelerometer wear sensor were compared against the diary. The Hibbing 2-regression model was used to estimate time spent in activity (during periods of device wear) for each method. Wear-time and time spent in activity were compared with multiple repeated measures ANOVAs. Bland Altman plots assessed agreement between methods. Results: Compared to the diary (825.5 minutes [795.1, 856.0]), the Choi (843.0 [95% CI: 812.6, 873.5]) and Troiano (839.1 [808.7, 869.6]) algorithms slightly overestimated wear-time, whereas the sensor (774.4 [743.9, 804.9]) underestimated it, although only the sensor differed significantly from the diary (p < .0001). Upon adjustment for average daily wear-time, there were no statistically significant differences between the wear-time methods in regards to minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), vigorous physical activity, and moderate physical activity. Bland Altman plots indicated the Troiano and Choi algorithms were similar to the diary and within ≤0.5% of each other for wear-time and MVPA. Conclusions: The Choi or Troiano algorithms offer a valid and efficient alternative to diaries for the estimation of daily wear-time in larger-scale studies of MVPA during pregnancy, and reduce burden for study participants and research staff.

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