scholarly journals Parasitic fauna of the invasive house sparrow (Passer domesticus) from Ñuble region, Chile: an example of co-introduced parasites

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Oyarzún-Ruiz ◽  
Guissel Cárdenas ◽  
María Carolina Silva-de la Fuente ◽  
Nicolás Martin ◽  
Sergey Mironov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parasitic Fauna ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Native Birds ◽  
First Time ◽  
Invasive Species Impact

Abstract Invasive species impact native wildlife in several ways, as they compete for resources and may transmit their specific pathogens. However, the potential consequences of co-introduced parasites are not fully understood. While the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) was introduced in Chile about a century ago, no data are available regarding its parasites. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the parasitic fauna of this avian invader and to determine whether there are co-introduced/co-invasive parasites shared with native birds. One hundred and eight birds were collected from three different localities in the Ñuble region of Chile, and a complete parasitic necropsy was performed in the laboratory. Twenty-three (21.3%) were parasitized by six arthropod species and four (3.7%) were parasitized by two helminth species. Four out of eight taxa are reported for the first time in Chile; among them, three arthropod parasites and the tapeworm, Anonchotaenia globate, are considered as co-introduced parasites. Only A. globata is a potential co-invasive parasite given its low degree specificity in terms of its definitive hosts. Future research should examine whether additional co-introduced/co-invasive parasites have been brought by the house sparrow, and what their potential consequences might be on the health of native birds in Chile.

Passive absorption of hydrophilic carbohydrate probes by the house sparrow Passer domesticus

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Chediack ◽  
E. Caviedes-Vidal ◽  
W.H. Karasov ◽  
M. Pestchanker
Keyword(s):  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evolutionary Physiology ◽  
Linear Fashion ◽  
Probe Concentration ◽  
Plasma Probe ◽  
Log Linear

To evaluate the permeability of the intestine of the house sparrow Passer domesticus to hydrophilic compounds, we applied a pharmacokinetic technique to measure in vivo absorption of two carbohydrate probes, l-arabinose and d-mannitol. Probes were fed or injected, and blood and excreta were subsequently collected and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Following injection, plasma probe concentration decreased in a log-linear fashion, implying single-compartment, first-order kinetics. Following oral administration, plasma probe concentrations increased, reached a maximum at 10 min and then decreased in log-linear fashion. Mannitol and arabinose absorption were calculated from the areas under the post-absorption plasma curve and the respective distribution spaces and elimination constants. The amounts absorbed increased linearly with the concentration administered (range 1–1000 mmol × l(−1)), implying a passive process. The mouth-to-cloaca retention time of digesta, measured using the non-absorbable compound potassium ferrocyanide, was independent of probe concentration. On average, 69% of the oral dose of probe was absorbed and this was independent of the concentration of probe administered. This paper supports an earlier report of substantial passive glucose absorption in house sparrows and offers a method to study the extent of hydrophilic solute absorption, which has importance for future research in areas as diverse as biomedical, ecological and evolutionary physiology.

scholarly journals Insect parasites inhabiting Passer domesticus (linnaeus, 1758) and P. Montanus (linnaeus, 1758) (aves: passeriformes) nests in Voronezh

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
R.T. Tewelde ◽  
◽  
S.P. Gaponov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Flea Species ◽  
Tree Sparrow ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insect Parasites

In Voronezh, 14 species of parasitic insects were found in sparrows and their nests during 2017–2020. It was found 6 species of chewing lice: Menacanthus eurysternus Giebel, 1874, Ricinus fringillae De Geer, 1778, Sturnidoecus ruficeps Giebel, 1866, Brueelia subtilis Giebel, 1874, B. borini Lunkaschu, 1970, and Philopterus montani Zlotorzycka, 1964. Among them, Menacanthus eurysternus was the dominant species for the House Sparrow (dominance 21.70 %, prevalence 10.00) while B. subtilis (dominance 18.60 %, prevalence 8.00) and B. borini (dominance 16.29 %, prevalence 6.00) were subdominant. For the European Tree Sparrow, the dominant species were B. borini (dominance 22.07 %, prevalence 8.00) and Ph. montani (dominance 22.07 %, prevalence 10.6). All six chewing lice species were observed for the first time in Voronezh and the Central Black Soil Region of Russia. Three species of fleas – Ceratophillus gallinae (Schrank, 1803), C. fringillae Walker, 1856, and C. tribulus Jordan, 1926) – were registered. The dominant flea species was C. gallinae (for the House Sparrow, dominance was 67.13 %, prevalence 45.00; for the Tree Sparrow, dominance was 66.47 %, prevalence 73.33). Abundance of fleas for House Sparrow nestlings was 0.724, and 1.153 for Tree Sparrow nestlings. Parasitic flies were represented by five species: Ornithomya avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758), O. fringillina Curtis, 1836, O. chloropus Bergroth 1901 (Hippoboscidae), Protocalliphora azurea Fll., 1817, and Trypocalliphora braueri (Hendel, 1901) (Calliphoridae). Among louse flies O. avicularia was the dominant species (for House sparrow, dominance was 85.93 %, prevalence 53.00; for Tree Sparrow, dominance was 68.64 %, prevalence 20.00). Larvae of P. azurea were found in 13.00 % of House Sparrow nests and in 15.00 % of Tree Sparrow nests. For House Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 3.42 % with abundance 0.30, while for Tree Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.15 % with abundance 2.05. Larvae of T. braueri were found in 31.00 % of House Sparrow nests and in 40.00 % of Tree Sparrow nests. For House Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.164 with abundance 0.088. For Tree Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.106 with abundance 0.220. Significant fluctuations of prevalence and abundance of the larvae in different years were found.

The European fire ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) as an invasive species: impact on local ant species and other epigaeic arthropods

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Naumann ◽  
Rob J. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Fire Ant ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Myrmica Rubra ◽  
Invasive Ant ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Epigaeic Arthropods ◽  
Invasive Species Impact

AbstractPitfall trapping revealed that the European fire ant,Myrmica rubra(Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), represents an unusual example of a temperate invasive ant species. In British Columbia, Canada,M. rubrapopulations are associated with a decreased incidence and abundance of other ant species in three different plant communities when compared withM. rubra-free control areas.M. rubrarepresented more than 99.99% of the total ant fauna caught in the infested areas, and the numbers ofM. rubracaptured in the plant communities ranged from over 10 times to over 1300 times the total number of all ants collected in correspondingM. rubra-free areas. Total numbers of some taxa of insects and non-insect arthropods, including those likely to be competitors or prey ofM. rubra, were reduced where the invasive species was present. Biodiversity indexes for the overall suite of captured arthropod species were lower whereM. rubrawas present in all three plant communities but most of this decrease can be attributed to the difference in the ant fauna.

scholarly journals New records of feather mites (Acariformes: Analgoidea, Pterolichoidea) in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. ec02006
Author(s):  
Fabio A. Hernandes ◽  
Carlos H. W. Flechtmann
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Feather Mites ◽  
First Time

Seven species and four undetermined feather mites are reported from various birds in Piracicaba, Brazil: Dermoglyphus elongatus Mégnin, 1877 (Dermoglyphidae) ex Gallus gallus domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) “chicken” (Phasianidae), Mesosathes tetrasetosus (Novaes, 1953) (Crypturoptidae) and Neumannella astacus Dabert & Skoracki, 2004 (Dermoglyphidae) ex Crypturellus tataupa (Temminck, 1815) “tataupa tinamou” (Tinamidae), Piciformobia ani (Černý, 1915) (Gabuciniidae) ex Crotophaga ani Linnaeus, 1758 “smooth-billed ani” (Cuculidae), Piciformobia guirae Alzuet, Cicchino & Abrahamovich, 1988 (Gabuciniidae) ex Guira guira (Gmelin, 1788) “guira cuckoo” (Cuculidae), Proctophyllodes thraupis Atyeo & Braasch, 1966 (Proctophyllodidae) ex Thraupis sayaca (Linnaeus, 1766) “sayaca tanager” (Thraupidae), Proctophyllodes troncatus Robin, 1877 ex Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) “house sparrow” (Passeridae); and undetermined species of the genera: Amerodectes sp. (Proctophyllodidae), Mesalgoides sp. (Psoroptoididae), and Trouessartia sp. (Trouessartiidae) ex Arundinicola leucocephala (Linnaeus, 1764) “white-headed marsh tyrant” (Tyrannidae), and Analges sp. (Analgidae) ex Euphonia chlorotica (Linnaeus, 1766) “purple-throated euphonia” (Fringillidae). Four of them are recorded for the first time in Brazil: D. elongatus, Pi. ani, Pr. thraupis, and Pr. troncatus.

scholarly journals Epigenetic and genetic variation among three separate introductions of the house sparrow ( Passer domesticus ) into Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 172185 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Sheldon ◽  
A. Schrey ◽  
S. C. Andrew ◽  
A. Ragsdale ◽  
S. C. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Epigenetic Variation ◽  
Population Bottlenecks ◽  
Introduction History ◽  
Founder Events

Invasive populations are often associated with low levels of genetic diversity owing to population bottlenecks at the initial stages of invasion. Despite this, the ability of invasive species to adapt rapidly in response to novel environments is well documented. Epigenetic mechanisms have recently been proposed to facilitate the success of invasive species by compensating for reduced levels of genetic variation. Here, we use methylation sensitive-amplification fragment length polymorphism and microsatellite analyses to compare levels of epigenetic and genetic diversity and differentiation across 15 sites in the introduced Australian house sparrow population. We find patterns of epigenetic and genetic differentiation that are consistent with historical descriptions of three distinct, introductions events. However unlike genetic differentiation, epigenetic differentiation was higher among sample sites than among invasion clusters, suggesting that patterns of epigenetic variation are more strongly influenced by local environmental stimuli or sequential founder events than the initial diversity in the introduction population. Interestingly, we fail to detect correlations between pairwise site comparisons of epigenetic and genetic differentiation, suggesting that some of the observed epigenetic variation has arisen independently of genetic variation. We also fail to detect the potentially compensatory relationship between epigenetic and genetic diversity that has been detected in a more recent house sparrow invasion in Africa. We discuss the potential for this relationship to be obscured by recovered genetic diversity in more established populations, and highlight the importance of incorporating introduction history into population-wide epigenetic analyses.

Three hundred years of House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) persecution in Germany

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SEITZ
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
World War ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Second World

Modernization of agriculture, economic development and population increase after the end of the Thirty Years' War caused authorities in many parts of Germany to decree the eradication of so-called pest animals, including the House Sparrow. Farmers were given targets, and had to deliver the heads of sparrows in proportion to the size of their farms or pay fines. At the end of the eighteenth century German ornithologists argued against the eradication of the sparrows. During the mid-nineteenth century, C. L. Gloger, the pioneer of bird protection in Germany, emphasized the value of the House Sparrow in controlling insect plagues. Many decrees were abolished because either they had not been obeyed, or had resulted in people protecting sparrows so that they always had enough for their “deliveries”. Surprisingly, various ornithologists, including Ernst Hartert and the most famous German bird conservationist Freiherr Berlepsch, joined in the war against sparrows at the beginning of the twentieth century, because sparrows were regarded as competitors of more useful bird species. After the Second World War, sparrows were poisoned in large numbers. Persecution of sparrows ended in Germany in the 1970s. The long period of persecution had a significant but not long-lasting impact on House Sparrow populations, and therefore cannot be regarded as a factor in the recent decline of this species in urban and rural areas of western and central Europe.

House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Lowther ◽  
Calvin L. Cink
Keyword(s):  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus

A Bibliometric Review on Outcome-Based Learning for Graduate Employability: Mapping the Research Front

2021 ◽  
pp. 002205742110164
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zahir Raihan ◽  
Md. Abul Kalam Azad
Keyword(s):  
Research Trend ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Front ◽  
Important Research ◽  
R Software ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Graduate Employability ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
First Time

The outcome-based learning for graduate employability in higher education has been an important research topic among the policymakers, academicians, and researchers over the years. Yet, no bibliometric review on this topic has been published. This study, for the first time, examines bibliometric analysis on this topic examining current research trend and future research agenda. The bibliometrix package in R software and VOSviewer software are used for visualization and interpretation of results. A content analysis is performed to manually examine the bibliometric results.

The Circadian Component in the Photoperiodic Mechanism of the House Sparrow, Passer domesticus

1977 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald S. Farner ◽  
Richard S. Donham ◽  
Robert A. Lewis ◽  
Philip W. Mattocks ◽  
Thomas R. Darden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
House Sparrow ◽  
Passer Domesticus

scholarly journals Differences in Depredation by Small Predators Limit the Use of Plasticine and Zebra Finch Eggs in Artificial-Nest Studies

The Condor ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Maier ◽  
Richard M. Degraaf
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Zebra Finch ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Taeniopygia Guttata ◽  
Artificial Nest ◽  
Neotropical Migrant ◽  
Passerine Species

Abstract Small mammals, such as mice and voles, have been implicated as major egg predators of Neotropical migrant passerines by field studies using soft plasticine eggs or the very small eggs of Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata). Nevertheless, the effort required to depredate these commonly used egg surrogates may be less than that required to depredate the larger, thicker-shelled eggs of most passerine species. To compare the depredation of these surrogates to that of the eggs of a mid-sized passerine by a ubiquitous small predator, we exposed dissimilar pairs of plasticine, Zebra Finch, and House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) eggs to captive white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). Plasticine eggs were marked by mice more than either kind of real egg, and Zebra Finch eggs were breached more often than House Sparrow eggs. We conclude that the use of either plasticine or Zebra Finch eggs may lead to overestimation of the ability or proclivity of small mammals to actually depredate the eggs of most passerines.

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