Effect of the entero-pancreatic hormones, gastric inhibitory polypeptide and glucagon-like polypeptide-1(7–36) amide, on fatty acid synthesis in explants of rat adipose tissue

1991 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Oben ◽  
L. Morgan ◽  
J. Fletcher ◽  
V. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

ABSTRACT The effect of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1(7–36) amide, (GLP-1(7–36) amide), glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), glucagon and insulin on fatty acid synthesis in explants of rat adipose tissue from various sites was investigated. GIP, GLP-1(7–36) amide and insulin stimulated fatty acid synthesis, as determined by measuring the incorporation of [14C]acetate into saponifiable fat, in a dose-dependent manner, over the concentration range 5–15 ng/ml (0·87–2·61 nmol/l) for insulin and 0·5–7·5 ng/ml for GIP (0·10–1·50 nmol/l) and GLP-1(7–36) amide (0·15–2·27 nmol/l). Insulin and GIP caused a significantly greater stimulation of [14C]acetate incorporation into fatty acids in omental adipose tissue than in either epididymal or subcutaneous adipose tissue. Both GIP and GLP-1(7–36) amide had the ability to stimulate fatty acid synthesis within the physiological range of the circulating hormones. At lower concentrations of the hormones, GLP-1(7–36) amide was a more potent stimulator of fatty acid synthesis than GIP in omental adipose tissue culture; the basal rate of fatty acid synthesis was 0·41±0·03 pmol acetate incorporated/mg wet weight tissue per 2 h; at 0·10 nmol hormone/l 1·15±0·10 and 3·40±0·12 pmol acetate incorporated/mg wet weight tissue per 2 h for GIP and GLP-1(7–36) amide respectively (P < 0·01). GLP-2 and glucagon were without effect on fatty acid synthesis in omental adipose tissue. The study indicates that GIP and GLP-1(7–36) amide, in addition to stimulating insulin secretion, may play a direct physiological role in vivo, in common with insulin, in promoting fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 130, 267–272

scholarly journals Dietary protein and the control of fatty acid synthesis in rat adipose tissue

1969 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 674-680
Author(s):  
Mireille Jomain ◽  
Richard W. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Effects of Prolactin in Vitro on Fatty Acid Synthesis in Rat Adipose Tissue

1959 ◽  
Vol 234 (12) ◽  
pp. 3111-3114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert I. Winegrad ◽  
Walter N. Shaw ◽  
Francis D.W. Lukens ◽  
William C. Stadie
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

Fatty Acid Synthesis and the Activities of Fatty Acid Synthesizing Enzymes in Rat Adipose Tissue during Pregnancy and Lactation

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICK A. SINNETT-SMITH ◽  
RICHARD G. VERNON ◽  
R. JOHN MAYER
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS OF GLUTAMATE UTILIZATION BY RAT ADIPOSE TISSUE AND LIVER IN VITRO: EFFECT OF PERIODICITY OF EATING

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert A. Leveille ◽  
Richard W. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Meal Feeding ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue ◽  
Relative Differences ◽  
Vitro Effect

The activity of two pathways supplying substrate for lipogenesis was enhanced in adipose tissue of meal-fed rats. One of these pathways, the forward pathway, involves the entry of α-ketoglutarate into the mitochondria, and metabolism via the Krebs cycle; the second pathway involves the backward flow of α-ketoglutarate to citrate in the cytoplasm, and cleavage of citrate to supply acetyl-CoA. Meal feeding increased fatty acid synthesis via the forward and backward pathways, but the relative amount of glutamate incorporated into lipid via the backward pathway decreased as a result of meal eating. The relative importance of the backward and forward pathways to the incorporation of α-ketoglutarate into fatty acid appeared to be similar for liver and adipose tissue. Lipogenesis from glutamate was significantly greater in adipose tissue incubated in bicarbonate than in phosphate buffer; however, the relative differences between tissues from meal-fed rats and from those fed ad libitum were similar in the two buffers. The possible importance of the backward pathway in the supply of precursors for fatty acid synthesis is discussed.

scholarly journals Pathway of carbon flow during fatty acid synthesis from lactate and pyruvate in rat adipose tissue

1971 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191
Author(s):  
M.S. PATEL ◽  
MIREILLE JOMAIN-BAUM ◽  
F.J. BALLARD ◽  
RICHARD W. HANSON
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Carbon Flow ◽  
Lactate And Pyruvate ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Modulation of lipid-synthesizing enzymes by insulin in differentiated ob17 adipose-like cells

1983 ◽  
Vol 214 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Grimaldi ◽  
C Forest ◽  
P Poli ◽  
R Negrel ◽  
G Ailhaud
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Glycerol 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

ob17 cells convert into adipose-like cells when maintained in the presence of physiological concentrations of insulin and tri-iodothyronine. After this conversion, insulin removal from differentiated ob17 cells gives within 24-48 h a large decrease in fatty acid synthetase, glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and acid:CoA ligase activities, as well as in the rate of fatty acid synthesis determined by [14C]acetate incorporation into lipids. All parameters are restored by insulin addition to initial values within 24-48 h. Dose-response curves of insulin on the restoration of glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and of fatty acid synthesis give half-maximally effective concentrations close to 1 nM, in agreement with the affinity for insulin of the insulin receptors previously characterized in these cells. Immunotitration experiments indicate that the changes in the specific activity of fatty acid synthetase are due to parallel changes in the cellular enzyme content. Therefore the ob17 cell line should be a useful model to study the long-term effects of insulin on the modulation of lipid synthesis in adipose cells.

Low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet increases glucose uptake and fatty acid synthesis in brown adipose tissue of rats

Nutrition ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suélem Aparecida de França ◽  
Maísa Pavani dos Santos ◽  
Roger Vinícius Nunes Queiroz da Costa ◽  
Mendalli Froelich ◽  
Samyra Lopes Buzelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Brown Adipose

In vivo and in vitro lipogenesis and aspects of metabolism in ovines: Effect of environmental temperature and dietary lipid supplementation

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Moibi ◽  
R. J. Christopherson ◽  
E. K. Okine
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Lipid Supplementation

Twenty-four wether lambs were randomly allocated to six treatments to investigate the effect of temperature and dietary lipid supplements on fatty acid synthesis and metabolic activity in sheep. The treatments consisted of four groups exposed to either cold (0 °C) or warm temperature (+23 °C) and given ad libitum access to either a control barley-based diet or with lipid supplementation. Two other groups were placed on the dietary regimen at 0 °C, but pair-fed to intake of animals in the +23 °C environment. At 5 wk, fatty acid synthesis was measured by [1-14C]acetate incorporation into tissue lipids. Cold exposure and dietary lipid supplementation had no effect (P > 0.05) on in vivo fatty acid synthesis rates in either longissimus dorsi or the liver. In both subcutaneous and mesenteric adipose tissue depots, the rate of acetate incorporation into tissue lipid was not significantly affected by cold exposure. In the perirenal fat depot, cold exposure increased (P < 0.05) the rate of fatty acid synthesis, while lipid supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the rate in all tissue adipose depots. In vitro, mesenteric and perirenal adipose tissues from cold pair-fed animals had higher (P < 0.05) rates of fatty acid synthesis compared to tissues from animals in the warm environment. However, there was no effect of dietary lipid supplementation in these two fat depots. Metabolic heat production, and energy and nitrogen excretion by animals were increased (P < 0.05) by cold exposure while lipid supplementation had the opposite effect (P < 0.05). The relationship between average daily gain and feed intake was linear at both warm and cold environments, but with higher (P < 0.05) average daily gain at all levels of intake in the cold compared to the warm environment. Results indicate that both environment and diet regulate metabolic activity in sheep. However, there were differences in lipogenic response by tissues to the treatments. Key words: Environmental temperature, dietary lipid, fatty acid synthesis, metabolic rate, sheep

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