Production of Non-Structural Concrete Using Different Types of Waste Materials

The world’s demand for construction aggregates has been increasing over the last years, mainly due to the rapid economic growth of countries such as Brazil, China and India. Naturally, this growth stimulates the development of construction and demolition activities, thereby generating increasing amounts of waste. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of the experimental research on the effect of incorporating aggregates of different types and shapes, sourced from construction and demolition waste. This review also covers studies on the incorporation of waste materials coming from industrial activities, emphasising those performed in the Instituto Superior Técnico, of the University of Lisbon, Portugal.

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Increasing the Durability and Freeze-Thaw Strength of Concrete Paving Stones Produced from Ahlat Stone Powder and Marble Powder by Special Curing Method

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2019/3593710 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdulrezzak Bakis

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Splitting Tensile Strength ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Freeze Thaw ◽

Strength Surface ◽

Different Types ◽

Marble Powder ◽

Water Curing ◽

Curing Method ◽

Curing Regimes

This study highlights an investigation of using construction waste materials, i.e., Ahlat stone powder and marble powder, in fabricating interlocked paving stones. In this study, the durability and freeze-thaw strength of concrete paving stones produced from Ahlat stone powder and marble powder were increased by the special curing method. Six different types of paving stones were fabricated for study and were subjected to two different curing regimes. Tests of water absorption, splitting tensile strength, surface abrasion, and freeze-thaw were carried out for the specimens. In 3 days and at 20 ± 5°C of water curing, the splitting tensile strength was 3.7 MPa, the surface abrasion value was 9.8 cm3/50 cm2, and the freeze-thaw value was 0.39 kg/m2 for those interlocked paving stones produced from Ahlat stone powder. After special combined curing, these improved to 3.9 MPa, 17.2 cm3/50 cm2, and 0.63 kg/m2, respectively. Accordingly, for interlocked paving stones produced from marble powder, in 3 days and at 20 ± 5°C water curing, the splitting tensile strength, surface abrasion, and freeze-thaw were 3.9 MPa, 7.9 cm3/50 cm2, and 0.34 kg/m2, respectively. After special combined curing, these values improved to 4.1 MPa, 14.8 cm3/50 cm2, and 0.57 kg/m2, respectively. The findings of this study validate increase in durability and freeze-thaw strength of concrete paving stones with special curing.

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The Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Geopolymers Using Mine Tailings as Precursors

10.5772/intechopen.97807 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Petrica Vizureanu ◽

Dumitru Doru Burduhos Nergis ◽

Andrei Victor Sandu ◽

Diana Petronela Burduhos Nergis ◽

Madalina Simona Baltatu

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Natural Resources ◽

Circular Economy ◽

Mine Tailings ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Raw Material ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Mining Wastes ◽

Physical Density ◽

Different Types

Mine tailings are waste materials that resulted from the extraction and processing of raw materials to form mineral products. These dusty particles present negative environmental effects after being deposited in different types of dumping areas. Based on the circular economy concepts and the presently pushing need of identifying wastes as a potential replacement for natural resources, this chapter aims to present the physical (density, microstructure) and mechanical (compressive strength, flexural strength) characteristics of different types of geopolymers which use mine tailings as precursors or blended systems (mixes of different raw materials). The main reasons of approaching this topic are the need to decrease the consumption of natural resources, reduce environmental pollution and create an economic system aimed to capitalize the mining wastes. Accordingly, this chapter includes information regarding the availability of this waste and its potential utilization as a raw material in civil engineering applications. Therefore, reports of specific agencies and multiple research studies which approach tailing based geopolymers or blended systems have been summarized.

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Mixture Optimization of Concrete Paving Blocks Containing Waste Silt

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su14010451 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 451

Author(s):

Abbas Solouki ◽

Piergiorgio Tataranni ◽

Cesare Sangiorgi

Keyword(s):

Construction Materials ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Mix Design ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Skid Resistance ◽

Washing Process ◽

Different Types ◽

New Construction ◽

Tensile Splitting Strength ◽

By Products

Most of the waste materials recycled for the production of new construction materials are by-products of various manufacturing processes, such as the aggregate washing process. Recycling such materials is of paramount importance since it could reduce the adverse environmental impacts resulting from landfilling. Various studies have attempted to recycle different types of waste materials and by-products into concrete paving blocks. However, the availability of literature on concrete paving blocks containing waste silt is quite scarce. Thus, the current paper focuses on mix design optimization and production of concrete paving blocks containing high amounts of waste silt resulting from the aggregate production process. Using the mixture Design of Experiments (DOE), 12 sets of concrete paving blocks with different aggregate blends were produced to optimize the mix design. Once the final mix design was achieved, the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete paving blocks were investigated following the EN 1338 standard. Shape and dimension measurements and various tests, including water absorption, tensile splitting strength, abrasion resistance, and slip/skid resistance were conducted on the experimental concrete paving samples. Overall, the produced concrete paving blocks showed promising properties for future applications in pedestrian walking paths.

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Recycling of Pultrusion Production Waste into Innovative Concrete-Polymer Composite Solutions

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.561 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 295-297 ◽

pp. 561-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maria Cristina S. Ribeiro ◽

António Fiúza ◽

Ana Cristina Castro ◽

Francisco G. Silva ◽

João Paulo Meixedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymer Composites ◽

Total Mass ◽

Compressive Loading ◽

Powdered Material ◽

Added Value ◽

Production Waste ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

Different Types ◽

Better Than

In this study, the added value resultant from the incorporation of pultrusion production waste into polymer based concretes was assessed. For this purpose, different types of thermoset composite scrap material, proceeding from GFRP pultrusion manufacturing process, were mechanical shredded and milled into a fibrous-powdered material. Resultant GFRP recyclates, with two different size gradings, were added to polyester based mortars as fine aggregate and filler replacements, at various load contents between 4% up to 12% in weight of total mass. Flexural and compressive loading capacities were evaluated and found better than those of unmodified polymer mortars. Obtained results highlight the high potential of recycled GFRP pultrusion waste materials as efficient and sustainable admixtures for concrete and mortar-polymer composites, constituting an emergent waste management solution.

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Establishment of a functional and sustainable bio-system engineering process for the saccharification of starch with industrial focus

Jahangirnagar University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/jujbs.v8i1.42467 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 45-55

Author(s):

Shatabdy Saha ◽

Md Zahidul Islam ◽

Umme Salma Zohora ◽

Mohammed Salahuddin ◽

Sabbir Janee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Immobilization ◽

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Immobilized Enzyme ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Immobilized Enzymes ◽

System Engineering ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Engineering Process ◽

Different Types

Enzyme immobilization provides an excellent opportunity to use the enzymes for several times with greater productivity. The main aim of the present study is the establishment of a functional and sustainable bio-system engineering process based on immobilized α-amylase enzyme for the saccharification of starch with industrial focus as well as cost effective sustainable bioprocess system by using indigenous industrial waste materials as carrier agents. In this study, α-amylase was immobilized in different types of support matrices like alginate, sawdust, sugarcane bagasse and the activity of immobilized enzymes were analyzed for the breakdown of starch. The experimental results showed that the productivity of immobilized enzyme was around 2.3 times higher than the free enzyme. Conjugates of bagasse-alginate showed the highest result. A fixed batch immobilized enzyme bioreactor had been developed which could be used for the production of various valuable products in the industrial scale. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(1): 45-55, 2019 (June)

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Effect of production temperature on thermal and mechanical properties of polystyrene–fly ash composites

Advanced Composites Letters ◽

10.1177/2633366x20917988 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 2633366X2091798 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ayse Bicer

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Properties ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Low Cost ◽

Construction Material ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Coating Materials ◽

Different Types ◽

Production Temperature

This study was conducted to produce a novel construction material by using two different types of waste material consisting of fly ash and fragmented polypropylene (PP). These two materials were mixed on various ratios, and samples with smooth surface were obtained by compressing with 50 kg of weight after each mixture is heated on temperatures of 225°C, 250°C, and 275°C and poured into the molds. Thermal and mechanical tests were performed on the prepared samples. As a result, with the evaluation of two waste materials such as fly ash and PP, (i) the contamination caused by the waste materials will be prevented; (ii) as the fly ash rate increases, the thermal properties of samples produced under 225°C of temperature will be enhanced; (iii) as the fly ash rate increases, the thermal properties of samples produced under 225°C of temperature will be enhanced, and PP ratio and production temperature must be high in order to improve mechanical properties; (iv) the produced composite materials bear the low-cost heat, acoustics, and water insulation, while it will also be possible for the same to be used as coating materials on the walls and tiling in the buildings.

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UTILIZING PLASTIC FOR PRETREATING RECYCLED CONSTRUCTION AGGREGATE TO ELIMINATE BINDER ABSORPTION IN ASPHALT MIXTURE

Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction ◽

10.14455/isec.res.2018.139 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Farzaneh Tahmoorian ◽

John Yeaman

Keyword(s):

Construction Projects ◽

Asphalt Mixture ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Asphalt Mixtures ◽

Construction And Demolition Waste ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Demolition Waste ◽

Different Types ◽

Promising Solution ◽

Pavement Construction

The growing quantities of waste materials, lack of natural resources and shortage of landfill spaces represent the importance of finding innovative ways of reusing and recycling waste materials. Due to the large quantities of construction and demolition waste (CDW), recycling and utilization of Recycled Construction Aggregates (RCA) obtained from CDW in construction projects, including asphalt pavement construction, can be the most promising solution to this problem. Asphalt mixtures containing RCA have the problem of high bitumen absorption. Using plastic waste in RCA-contained asphalt mixtures reduces not only bitumen absorption but also the adverse environmental impacts associated with plastic waste disposal due to the nonbiodegradability of plastic waste. In addition, the demand reduction for virgin aggregates is another advantage resulting in subsequent economic advantages. This paper characterizes the effects of different types of plastic on the bitumen absorption and properties of asphalt mixtures containing RCA through laboratory investigation. Different types of plastic including High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and LowDensity Polyethylene (LDPE) were investigated in this research. The test results indicate that the plastic waste can be a viable material for improving the problem of high bitumen absorption of asphalt mixtures containing RCA.

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