scholarly journals Fungi associated with necrosis of vascular bundles in organic banana crop: symptoms, isolation and identification, and integrated management alternatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
René Aguilar-Anccota ◽  
Cinthya Geraldine Arévalo-Quinde ◽  
Arturo Morales-Pizarro ◽  
Miguel Galecio-Julca
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Perennial Crop ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
The World ◽  
Management Alternatives

The banana Musaspp. (Musaceae) is a tropical perennial crop of major consumption in the world, the main producing regions are; Asia (54.1%), America (25.5%), Africa (18.4%). In Peru, Piura accounts for 72% of the country's total volume of organic banana exports. In recent years in Peru and in other producing areas of the world, symptoms of necrosis in the vascular bundles of the pseudostem have been occurring, causing the early death of plants in production. The objective of this study was to identify the main fungal pathogens associated with vascular necrosis of banana. The fungi isolated from the pseudostem, rhizome and roots were identified using taxonomic keys. The external symptoms of the disease were yellowing and necrosis of the leaves from the edge towards the midrib, collapse of the petiole and death of the plant. The internal symptoms were necrosis of the vascular bundles and internal necrotic lesions in the rhizome and roots. The fungal isolates were identified by their morphometric characteristics as Fusarium oxysporum, F.verticillioidesand F.solani. For the control of this disease, it is recommended to implement an integrated management plan.

scholarly journals Adaptation to climate-change effects on fisheries in the Shiretoko World Natural Heritage area, Japan

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1134-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsutaku Makino ◽  
Yasunori Sakurai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Heritage Area ◽  
World Natural Heritage

Abstract Makino, M., and Sakurai, Y. 2012. Adaptation to climate-change effects on fisheries in the Shiretoko World Natural Heritage area, Japan. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: . In the Shiretoko World Natural Heritage area, many factors have been observed that imply effects of climate change on ecosystems, such as decreases in seasonal sea ice, changes in fishing grounds, and the appearance of non-local species. This study summarizes observed and anticipated effects of such climate change on fisheries in the heritage area and discusses policy and research needs for adapting to these changes. International research and monitoring at the scale of large marine ecosystems (LMEs) is the basis of all policy measures for adapting to climate change. Several measures need to be combined, taking into account the various socio-ecological aspects of fisheries and scales of ecosystems. Such measures of adaptation should be incorporated also into the cross-sector coordination system and the Integrated Management Plan, which were established to manage the World Heritage area. Also, culture is an important part of society, and the World Heritage programme may offer clues for creating a new and peaceful culture based on the LME.

Lake Paranoá, Brasília, Brazil: Integrated Management Plan for its Restoration

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Paulino Mattos ◽  
Irene Guimarães Altafin ◽  
Hélio José de Freitas ◽  
Cristine Gobbato Brandão Cavalcanti ◽  
Vera Regina Estuqui Alves
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration

Abstract Built in 1959, Lake Paranoá, in Brasilia, Brazil, has been undergoing an accelerated process of nutrient enrichment, due to inputs of inadequately treated raw sewage, generated by a population of 600,000 inhabitants. Consequently, it shows high nutrient content (40 µg/L of total phosphorus and 1800 µg/L of total nitrogen), low transparency (0.65 m) and high levels of chlorophyll a (65 µg/L), represented mainly by Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and sporadic bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa, which is being combatted with copper sulphate. With the absence of seasonality and a vertical distribution which is not very evident, the horizontal pattern assumes great importance in this reservoir, in which five compartments stand out. Based on this segmentation and on the identification of the total phosphorus parameter as the limiting factor for algal growth, mathematical models were developed which demonstrate the need for advanced treatment of all the sewage produced in its drainage basin. With this, it is expected that a process of restoration will be initiated, with a decline in total phosphorus concentration to readings below 25 µg/L. Additional measures are proposed to accelerate this process.

Influence of Temperature and Plant Growth Stages of Red Clover and Wheat on Small Broomrape (Orobanche minor) Germination

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salam A. Al-Thahabi ◽  
Jed B. Colquhoun ◽  
Carol A. Mallory-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plant Growth Stages ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Infested Field

Small broomrape is a holoparasitic plant that attaches to the roots of red clover as well as several other host plants. Hosts and false hosts produce stimulants that induce small broomrape germination but small broomrape does not attach to a false host. Wheat has been identified as a false host for small broomrape; therefore, studies were conducted to investigate the effect of red clover and wheat root exudates on small broomrape germination. In one study, the effect of exudates from red clover and wheat at multiple growth stages on small broomrape germination was evaluated. Red clover induced small broomrape germination at all growth stages tested but was greatest (78%) in the presence of exudates from red clover at the three-trifoliolate stage. Maximum small broomrape germination was 25% when exposed to exudates produced by one-leaf-stage wheat. In a second study, the relationship between small broomrape germination and host growth condition was evaluated using root exudates from red clover or wheat grown under several temperature conditions for either 4 or 8 wk. For the different temperatures, there were no differences in small broomrape germination when exudates of red clover grown for 4 wk were used. Small broomrape germination was reduced when exposed to exudates from red clover plants grown for 8 wk at 10 C compared with plants grown at 15, 20, and 25 C. Differences in small broomrape seed germination were observed with temperature under which wheat was grown for 4 wk, but not for 8 wk. Although wheat exudates resulted in less small broomrape seed germination than red clover exudates, growing wheat as a false host in a small broomrape-infested field could be an important component of an integrated management plan.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Spatial Patterns of Ecotoxicological Indices of Trace Elements in Superficial Sediments of the Marchica Lagoon Following Restoration Actions during the Last Decade

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Bouchra Oujidi ◽  
Mohammed El Bouch ◽  
Mounia Tahri ◽  
Mostafa Layachi ◽  
Soilam Boutoumit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Wet Season

Marchica Lagoon, a Ramsar site on the Mediterranean coast of Morocco, is experiencing the impacts of watershed pollution, which includes pollutants from the domestic, agricultural, industrial, and mining sectors. Restoration actions were undertaken around this lagoon during the last decade in order to protect its ecological value and to develop tourist activity. To conserve the biodiversity in the lagoon, it is important to assess the environmental state of this ecosystem. This study aims to evaluate the ecotoxicological state of sediments through the post restoration characterization of the trace elements Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Co, and Ba, as well as their correlation to the major elements, grain size, and total organic carbon, sampled during two campaigns (the wet and dry seasons of 2018) across a sampling network of thirteen stations. Multivariate analysis and ecotoxicological risk assessment of the trace elements using the sediment quality guidelines and five pollution indices (geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (CF), pollution-load index (PLI), and mean effect range median quotient (m-ERM-Q)) revealed contamination of the lagoon by Pb, Zn, and Cu, and minimal pollution by Cr, Co, and Ba. The distribution of the biological-risk index reveals that four zones of the lagoon may present a high probability of toxicity, thus constituting potential risk areas for aquatic organisms: during the wet season, the area in the northwestern sandbar border, the southwest eutrophication zone, and the mouth of the stream valley conveying industrial discharges; and during dry season, the northwestern eutrophication zone. Despite the restoration actions achieved around the lagoon, the lead, zinc, and copper concentrations increased, and their variation was significant between group stations. The biodiversity conservation of Marchica Lagoon requires continuous monitoring and assessment, as well as the implementation of an integrated management plan with restoration actions, not only around the lagoon, but also at its watershed level.

In vitro evaluation of the anti-mycobacterial properties of the extracts of Momordica Charantia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Paul Giftson ◽  
Jerrine Joseph ◽  
Revathy Kalyanasundaram ◽  
V. Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Wilson Aruni
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Antimycobacterial Activity ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
World Population ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
The World

Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease and remains one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. One fourth of the world population is infected with TB at a risk of developing disease. The increase in the incidence of drug resistant TB around the world urges the need to develop a new candidate to fight against the disease. Plants were considered as the rich source of bioactive components to be used as potential drugs. Medicinal plants are used in pure as well as crude materials for their medicinal properties. Our research aims in identifying the phyto-molecules which have anti- tuberculosis property. Four medicinal plants namely, Acalyphaciliata (Kuppaimeni), Solanumtrilobatum (Thuthuvalai), Momordicacharantia (Bitter Gourd) and Sennaauriculata (Avaram) were chosen to evaluate their antimicrobial activity focusing on anti-tubercular activity. The methanol extracts of the medicinal plants showed significant inhibitory activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens. Sennaauriculata methanol extracts showed activity against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. In the screening of antimycobacterial activity done by LRP assay, among the plant extracts tested, the hexane crude extracts of Momordicacharantia (Bitter Gourd) showed 82.2% and 81.03% of inhibition against M. tuberculosis H37Rv at 500µg/ml and 250µg/ml concentration respectively. Similarly, the methanol crude extracts of Momordicacharantia showed 87.14% and 63.55% of inhibition at 500µg/ml and 250µg/ml concentration respectively.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Uropathogenic E. coli and its Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern with Special Reference to Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (Esbl)

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
V. Naveen Kumar ◽  
Chitralekha Saikumar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Microbial Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common bacterial infection among the humans. One of the most important factors impacting the management of UTI over the past decade is emergence of anti-microbial resistance among uropathogens. ESBL production is one of the most common mechanisms of anti-microbial resistance, the other being Amp C β-lactamases in gram negative bacteria. This study was undertaken to establish the prevalence of ESBL producing strains and their anti-microbial susceptibility pattern to newer agents to guide therapy for urinary tract infection. The present studies isolates and identify Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern with special reference to ESBL. The emergence of β-lactamase is a Metter of serious concern .The drug resistance in gram negative bacilli is due to production of β-lactamases, AmpC lactamases, Efflux mechanisms and Porin deficiency. Out of the total 3580 urine samples, 987 samples (27.56%) showed No growth, 1786 (49.88%) showed the presence of Gram negative bacteria. Totally, 1081 E. coli species were isolated and < 30% of them were found to be ESBL positive. Uropathogenic E. coli   isolates are highly susceptible towards Meropenem and Imipenem antibiotics and highly resistant towards β-lactam and Cephalosporins antibiotics. Hence, the present study urged to implement the management plan for using those antibiotics in patients for preventing the antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Vers une gestion intégrée des pâturages boisés – carte de visite du paysage jurassien | Towards an integrated management of the wooded pastures – typical of the Jura landscape

2011 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Renaud Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Management System ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Integrated Management System ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Gestion Intégrée ◽  
The Creation

The wooded pastures arose from the colonisation of the valleys and high plateaux of the Jurassic Arc. They are the product of a mixed exploitation combining agricultural and silvicultural elements, and are dependent for their conservation on a form of management where a balance between cattle grazing and wood cutting is maintained. The abandon of farmland and fewer cattle at pasture in summer, the small returns from logging and the introduction of grants based on surface area of agriculturally used land (SAU) have together completely disturbed this balance. The necessity of an integrated management system which takes into account the interests of agriculture, silviculture, nature, landscape and leisure activities has led to the creation of interdisciplinary commissions on wooded pastures of the Bernese Jura and the Jurassic Arc. An Interreg IIIA project France-Switzerland has enabled the creation of a model integrated management plan. Due to the lack of funds from the Federal Office of Agriculture, the cantonal services promote the development of integrated management plans.

Isolation and Identification of Fungal Isolates caused Otomycosis from some Hospitals and Clinics in Mosul with Determination of Their Virulence Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabeel Al-Sharrad ◽  
Muhammad A. Al-Kataan ◽  
Maha A. Al-Rejaboo
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Etiological Agents

Otomycosis is a fungal infection that frequently involves the external auditory canal. In this study, we aimed to isolation and identification the fungal isolates as etiological agents of otomycosis from some hospitals and clinics in Mosul with determination of their virulence factors of fungal etiological agents. Positive fungal infection was found in (43) samples (71.6%). The most common fungal pathogens were Candida and Aspergillus species, with Candida parapsilosis being the predominant isolates in (11) samples (16.6%). Otomycosis was more common in Female in (26) samples (43.3%).Otomycosis was the highest prevalence aged group 15-40 years (19) samples (31.3%). The present study of virulence factors revealed that the highest biofilm formation isolates were C. parapsilosis is (10) isolates which were distributed between (2) strong and (8) weak biofilm formation.Where C.trpicales, was recorded as least isolates for biofilm production.

Managerial Perspective of E-Resources in Academic Libraries

2015 ◽  
pp. 1763-1786
Author(s):  
V. J. Suseela
Keyword(s):  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
The World ◽  
Optimum Utilization ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Managerial Perspective

The rapid increase of e-resources together with several value-based applications has been gradually superseding the traditional means of communication in almost all parts of the world. The transformation enforced government-funded consortia to build ICT environments in academic institutions and created a pressing demand on the libraries for increasing their acquisitions. The bundled (packages) resources available to libraries through several means are raising issues about their usefulness, real benefit as per user's preferences, and also the usage. Issues of the kind invariably require thought, exceptional policy decisions, and implementing standard procedures for the optimum utilization of expensive resources and their management. The chapter discusses the features of e-resources, challenges encountered by the library administrators, the existing and innovative practices in their evaluation and organization, while highlighting the supporting technologies and integrated management tools emerging as per the latest requirements of academic institutions.

Personality disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 6520-6523
Author(s):  
Iain Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Consistent Response ◽  
Term Management ◽  
Over Time

People have characteristic ways of perceiving, thinking about, and responding to the world around them that are relatively stable over time and across situations; this is referred to as their personality. A diagnosis of personality disorder is made when the personality is extreme and maladaptive and causes difficulty or distress to the person themselves or to others. People with personality disorders are often encountered in medical settings, which may be because they have self-harmed, suffered problems from drug or alcohol use, or been injured because of unwise behaviour. Personality disorders also complicate the medical management of medical conditions, for example, by non-adherence to recommended treatment. The effective short-term management of personality disorders in medical settings requires: (a) recognition of the diagnosis; (b) creation of a management plan; and (c) consistent response to the problematic behaviours adhered to by all relevant staff.

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