scholarly journals Acoustic Behavior and Design of Large Urban Spaces – Canyon and Tunnel

Author(s):  
Felipe do Valle ◽  
Eva Veres ◽  
Matthias Brodbeck ◽  
Zhou Xiaoru ◽  
Paulo Henrique Trombetta Zannin

Residents of large urban centers are daily exposed to urban noise pollution, especially to noise generated by traffic of vehicles. Environmental noise may harm the environment and the population's quality of life. Therefore, studies that aim to reduce the effects of noise pollution are extremely relevant. In urban divisions, there must be spaces between or in buildings to ensure access for people and vehicles. However, regarding sound transmission, these spaces are considered "weak points" as they ease the passage of urban noise to other spaces that have housing. Thus, this study, carried out in the city of Stuttgart/Germany, evaluates the influence of urban spaces called tunnel and canyon on the transmission of traffic noise to residential facades posterior to these spaces. Two locations were selected: the first with the presence of a tunnel-like space and the second with a canyon-like space. Through measurements and acoustic simulations, the current sound environment of the places was measured. In acoustic simulations, variations of geometric aspects and sound absorption coefficients of the internal surfaces of open spaces were also considered. The results show that the dimensions of open spaces are significant in sound transmission, especially the parameters width and height. The data also show that the installation of coatings with sound absorption on the internal surfaces of spaces is a viable measure from a technical point of view, as it resulted in an attenuation of up to 22 dB(A) on posterior facades.

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 551-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilinca Mirela Beca ◽  
Mihai Iliescu

The transportation policies focusing on minimizing the environmental impact aim at an improved quality of life and health of the population, the urban one in particular. Noise pollution is one of the biggest problems associated with the European urban environment at the present moment, mainly because of the ever-increasing road traffic. SUNET system (System for Urban Noise and Eco-Traffic) was designed to improve the management of the noise pollution in Cluj-Napoca and to provide up-to-date public data on a user-friendly interface. The implementation of the application over the entire municipality is highly advantageous as it creates a link between the town’s administration (the local authorities, the City Hall of Cluj-Napoca) and the user (the citizens) through this system which is dynamic, modern and compliant with the European regulations. The graphic interface uses the HTML (HyperText Markup Language) code, while the database is set up in an SQL (Structured Query Language) format and contains information about the characteristics of the system and users alike, all organized in specific tables. The need for an online urban noise pollution monitoring system, such as the SUNET one, appears to allow the provision of fairly realistic and up-to-date information and encourage the community to actively assist in the application of proper action plans and the decision-making process when it comes to the population’s exposure to high levels of noise pollution.


Akustika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Igor Lykov ◽  
Nadezhda Loboda ◽  
Alexey Streltsov

Noise pollution of the urban environment in recent years has become a serious environmental and social problem, a threat to the health and well-being of the population. Although noise for the population is not such a priority, as, for example, chemical pollution of air and water, but it has always been the subject of public interest. There are varieties of noise generation sources of which the traffic noise could be a major source. Among the many factors affecting the health of the population, urban noise is the most common and aggressive. The article deals with the problem of the negative impact of noise on human health and on the structure of the general morbidity of the population. The authors addressed the problem of noise pollution in the city of Kaluga. Presents the dynamics of changes in the number of cars and noise pollution over the past ten years. It is shown that today cars are the dominant sources of urban noise environment. The interpretation of the results of full-scale acoustic measurements carried out on the main urban highways is given. The regularities of changes in noise levels in different seasons of the year are revealed. It is concluded that the permissible values of acoustic effects in the city of Kaluga are exceeded. The results of the integrated assessment of child morbidity associated with an increase in the number of vehicles in the city and an increase in acoustic load are presented.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Mariano Gallo

In this paper, a piecewise-defined function is proposed to estimate traffic noise in urban areas. The proposed approach allows the use of the model even in the case of very low or zero flows for which the classical logarithmic form is not suitable. A model based on the proposed approach is calibrated for a real case and compared with the results obtained with a model based only on the logarithmic form. The results obtained show how the proposed piecewise-defined function, linear for low traffic flows and logarithmic for medium-high volumes, is able to better represent real noise pollution levels in all conditions. The proposed approach is particularly useful when comparing two plan scenarios from the point of view of noise effects.


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Fruzsina Enyedi ◽  
Sándor Papp ◽  
Viktor Pál

Noise pollution is a serious and complex city problem. While there are objective, measurable parameters for noise mapping assessments, since the effects of noise are also subjectively perceived, it has been difficult to accurately evaluate the urban problems and conflicts arising from noise. Urban noise and its perception is related to the quality of life; thus its analysis is can provide useful insights for decision-makers. Therefore, through an analysis of online media content, the paper presents local the attitudes in Szeged towards urban noise. During the analysis different noise categories and the city’s noise characteristics were determined. Even though the noise pollution in residential areas was found to be mainly concentrated in the city centre, it also affected more remote areas, and social problems and political discourses were also identified. Besides the noise of urban traffic, Szeged people appeared to be disturbed by noise related to leisure activities, such as urban (and university) programs and festival noise, which indicated that noise reduction efforts should be focus on more than just the reduction of traffic noise.


2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Ketut Susilawati ◽  
Wayan Sudana ◽  
Eka Putra Setiawan

Background: Noise pollution or noise is an unwanted sound which is disturbing to human beings.However small or soft the sound, if it is undesirable it is considered as noise. Noise induced hearingloss is a sensorineural hearing loss that is commonly encountered second to presbycusis. Purpose: Toknow the effect of traffic noise exposure on hearing impairment to the employees of the Parking DistrictCompany of the Denpasar city and to improve diagnostic detection on hearing impairment caused bynoise. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Parking District Company office. Thepopulations of this study were the employees of the Parking District Company. Samples of this study were the employees who were exposed to traffic noise and control samples were an employee who was unexposed. Samples were selected by simple random sampling. Results: From 40 parking attendants,27 persons (67.5%) aged above 35 years old. The parking attendants who had been working for ten to fifteen years were 36 persons (90%) and no history using ear protection when working. Seven persons(17.5%) had referred DPOAE upon examination with increase hearing threshold on audiogram result.In this study the parking attendants who had hearing deficit induced by noise were 7 persons (17.5%)and only one person (2.5%) in control group. There was a statistically significant effect of traffic noiseto hearing function deficit (p<0.05). Conclusion: Traffic noise has effect in hearing function deficit onthe parking attendants.ORLI Vol. 40 No. 2 Tahun 2010Key words: NIHL, parking attendant, audiometry, DPOAE.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. eabe2405
Author(s):  
Henrik Brumm ◽  
Wolfgang Goymann ◽  
Sébastien Derégnaucourt ◽  
Nicole Geberzahn ◽  
Sue Anne Zollinger

Noise pollution has been linked to learning and language deficits in children, but the causal mechanisms connecting noise to cognitive deficiencies remain unclear because experimental models are lacking. Here, we investigated the effects of noise on birdsong learning, the primary animal model for vocal learning and speech development in humans. We found that traffic noise exposure retarded vocal development and led to learning inaccuracies. In addition, noise suppressed immune function during the sensitive learning period, indicating that it is a potent stressor for birds, which is likely to compromise their cognitive functions. Our results provide important insights into the consequences of noise pollution and pave the way for future studies using birdsong as an experimental model for the investigation of noise-induced learning impairments.


2006 ◽  
Vol 123 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 413-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoxia Ma ◽  
Yujun Tian ◽  
Tianzhen Ju ◽  
Zhengwu Ren

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 499-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jamrah ◽  
Abbas Al-Omari ◽  
Reem Sharabi

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4630
Author(s):  
Eduardo Bassolino ◽  
Maria Cerreta

In a scenario in which the climate changes subject urban centres and large cities to high levels of environmental vulnerability and criticality underway, it is evident the need to define operational and straightforward decision-making tools capable of prefiguring and verifying the effectiveness of urban transformation climate-adaptive regeneration processes. The Climate Adaptive Design Index for the Built Environment (CADI-BE) tool has been developed to assess the adaptive capacity and level of performance of open urban spaces to the stresses due to the increase in global average temperatures. The repercussions of these phenomena cause the occurrence of heatwaves and the urban heat island effect (UHI), bringing out the inability of cities to cope with changes in the climate, making urban open spaces unlivable and no longer the ideal habitat for everyday life and social interactions.


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