scholarly journals Социально ориентированные НКО и социальные предприятия как драйверы разгосударствления социального обслуживания: барьеры и возможности

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Ирина Андреевна Григорьева ◽  
Оксана Парфенова
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Pluralism

«Золотой век» социального государства – в прошлом, оно дрейфует в сторону все более сложных и смешанных моделей, к плюрализации (welfare pluralism). Наряду с этим неолиберальный подход в социальной политике, который реализует в последние годы российское государство, привел к увеличению числа «смешанных» субъектов социальной политики. Речь идет о множестве малых или индивидуальных «предприятий», находящихся в широком спектре от прибыльного бизнеса до благотворительности. Социальные предприятия и социально ориентированные НКО (СО НКО) – поставщики социальных услуг, взаимодействующие в одном поле и конкурирующие за государственные субсидии или гранты. В статье на примере социального обслуживания пожилых людей в Санкт-Петербур­ге и Ленинградской области мы отвечаем на вопросы: как происходит разгосударствление социального обслуживания? Каковы барьеры и возможности этого процесса? В рамках теории текущие изменения требуют опоры на классический подход к анализу межсекторных взаимодействий в социальной политике. Использованные для анализа материалы включают в себя: актуальные нормативно-правовые акты; статистические данные; выступления чиновников; научные публикации; материалы с сайтов НКО. В статье показывается, что СО НКО и социальное предпринимательство играют важную роль в разгосударствлении социальных сервисов, которое ускорилось в 2015 г. после принятия Федерального закона о социальном обслуживании. На практике государственные службы зачастую создают организационные и финансовые барьеры для НКО, стремясь сохранить монополию в сфере социального обслуживания. Повысить устойчивость работы НКО могут эндаумент-фонды, но создать их удается редким (даже крупным) НКО. Среди других барьеров – низкая информированность о работе НКО и уровень доверия к ним со стороны населения, плохо отработанный механизм сбыта продукции и услуг. Разгосударствление посредством активного вовлечения СО НКО и социальных предприятий открывает возможности для того, чтобы они эффективно компенсировали несовершенство государственных сервисов, повышали самообеспечение и самозанятость населения. Негосударственные поставщики социальных услуг меняют поле решения социальных проблем, превращая пассивных «получателей услуг» в активных агентов.

The New Welfare Pluralism

1982 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
PETER BALDOCK
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Pluralism

Research on the Evaluation of Elderly Care Service Supply Capability from the Perspective of Welfare Pluralism

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 5523-5540
Author(s):  
Rao Dan ◽  
Li Fang
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Entropy Weight ◽  
Market Society ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Weighted Sum Method ◽  
Welfare Pluralism

Based on the welfare pluralism analysis paradigm, an elderly care service supply capability evaluation system with five dimensions, including family, government, market, society and collaboration is constructed. The entropy weight method is used to determine the weight, and the weighted sum method is used to calculate the comprehensive score. The differences in the supply capability of different subjects in 30 provinces (cities) in China in 2018 are analyzed. The study found that there is regional imbalance in the comprehensive supply capacity of elderly care services in China, and the eastern region is higher than the central and western regions: Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Shandong and other eastern regions have strong supply capability, while Shanxi, Yunnan, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang and Jilin and other central and western regions have weak supply capability. In addition, the supply of elderly care service also presents the different characteristics. Therefore, the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions, such as establishing a balanced development strategy, narrowing the regional gap of elderly care service supply capability, enhancing the supply capability of various subjects, and accelerating the formation of a multi-subject responsibility sharing system for elderly care service.

The right to welfare

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pinker
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Welfare Capitalism ◽  
Welfare Pluralism ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right To Welfare ◽  
The Relationship

In this chapter, Robert Pinker discusses T.H. Marshall's concern with welfare pluralism, his study of citizenship and welfare, and his contribution to the development of social policy and administration. He begins with an overview of Marshall's achievement in the field of sociology and some of his major works such as Sociology at the Crossroads and Social Policy in the Twentieth Century, along with the essays entitled ‘Value Problems of Welfare-Capitalism’ and ‘Citizenship and Social Class’. Pinker continues by analysing Marshall's thoughts on the relationship between the inequalities of class and the prospective equality of citizenship and his argument that collectivist social services contribute to the maintenance and enhancement of social welfare so long as such interventions do not subvert the operation of the system of competitive markets. Pinker concludes with an assessment of Marshall's views on social and political rights, the problem of poverty, and the concept of ‘democratic-welfare-capitalism’.

Golden Ages and welfare alchemists

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pinker
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
New Right ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Classical Political Economy ◽  
Democratic Societies ◽  
Welfare Pluralism

In this chapter, Robert Pinker discusses the idea of ‘Golden Age’ theories in social policy thought and what he calls ‘welfare alchemists’ whose visions these theories encapsulate. According to Pinker, these grand theories are in reality ideologies and can be collectivist or individualist in origin. Regardless of their origins, however, they fail to address the need for the compromises between values which are reached in pluralist and democratic social contexts. Pinker also provides an overview of the influence of classical political economy and the New Right on British social policies under different Conservative governments and goes on to describe socialism as a repository of Golden Age theorizing, along with the concept of community in relation to welfare pluralism. Finally, he examines the institutions of Gesellschaft and Gemeinschaft as well as the traditions of collectivism and individualism, arguing that they should not continue to coexist in democratic societies.

Two Possible Welfare State Futures: Left Corporatist Sweden and "Welfare Pluralism" Theory

1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Alexander Hicks ◽  
Robert Erikson ◽  
Rune Aberg ◽  
Brian Abel-Smith ◽  
Kay Titmuss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Welfare Pluralism

A Survey on the Sustainability of China’s Smoke-free Community Elderly Care Service Models from the Perspective of Welfare Pluralism

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1469-1479
Author(s):  
Zhang Zehao ◽  
Wang Xinting ◽  
Xie Linling
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Service Models ◽  
Cooperation Model ◽  
Welfare Pluralism ◽  
Smoking Control

Objectives: Studies show that the harm of smoking is much higher in the elderly than in the young and middle-aged. Therefore, smoke-free communities are more suitable for the elderly. China’s ministry of civil affairs pointed out that, the development of community elderly care services conforms to the wishes of over 90% of the elderly in China, which is the focus of the construction of China’s elderly care service system. Meanwhile, China’s existing smoke-free community elderly care service models are diverse, service efficiency and sustainability remains uneven. Methods: This study constructed a conceptual framework for smoke-free community elderly care service based on the theory of welfare pluralism. To find the sustainability of smoking control in smoke-free communities and the efficiency of elderly care service supply under different supply modes. According to the geographical location, 9somke-free communities in Beijing, Nanjing and Xi’an were selected for investigation. Results: Three supply modes of community-based elderly care services are summarized, including Multiactor Participation Model (MPM), Government and Social organization Cooperation Model (GSCM), and Government-led Participation Model (GPM). The case analysis method is used to analyze the characteristics of the supply actors, supply content, and supply methods of these three models. Conclusion: Three supply modes of community-based elderly care services are summarized, including Multiactor Participation Model (MPM), Government and Social organization Cooperation Model (GSCM), and Government-led Participation Model (GPM). The MPM for smoke-free community elderly care, which includes the participation of multiple subjects and is more diversified in terms of supply content and methods, is found to have better smoking control efficiency and higher sustainability.

Social Policy and Welfare Pluralism

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Political Theories ◽  
Welfare Pluralism ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of

This book presents a thematic selection of writings by eminent sociologist Robert Pinker on social policy and welfare pluralism, bringing together for the first time many articles that have either never before been published or are difficult to access today. Pinker began writing on social policy in the 1960s, undertaking research work on issues such as the development of health care within the poor law. He published books devoted to social policy, along with various articles on complementary topics. Pinker's main concern was to rethink the study of social policy. His ideas were primarily built around such themes as stigma, conditional altruism, access to land and property, giving and receiving, and migration and civil war. Organized by theme, the articles and chapters in this book cover such key topics as how families and communities act in defining and providing their own welfare, how attitudes to social services differ among users and nonusers, how social and political theories relate to actual policies, stigma and social welfare, the welfare state, and much more. In doing so, the volume brings to the fore the importance and continuing relevance of Pinker's work.

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