Payment of Zakat on Business Using Stock and Goods:A Preliminary Analysis

Author(s):  
Ahmad Zakirullah Mohamed Shaarani Et.al

Zakat is one of the obligations on every Muslim with the aim of helping those who are poor and needy while at the same time purifying the wealth and soul of the contributor. There are several types of zakat and one of them is zakat on business. In discussing Shariah issues related to zakat on business, one of the topics discussed is the method of payment of zakat on business, whether paying with money, stocks or business goods or a choice between the two. In view of the need to pay zakat other than using money, especially in the case of companies which have a shortage of cash and excess unsold merchandise, the study was conducted to obtain information on the debate of scholars on the Shariah rule for payment of zakat with goods, and their potential for application in business zakat payments, in addition to the challenges and constraints in its implementation. The study utilized a comprehensive library study, analyzing the arguments and scholars’ discussions related to the subjectand selecting the preferred opinions. The findings showed that in terms of the payment method for zakat on business, some scholars viewed that the payment of business zakat must utilise money, while some stated that the payment must be in the form of goods and stocks of the business itself, while some others stated that the payment of zakat on business is the right of the contributor  to choose from money or goods and stocks. The study also found that there were several issues and challenges in the implementation of zakat payments using business goods, including the existing fatwa on zakat on business that stipulated only money would be accepted as zakat payment and it must be paid to zakat authorities. The study also aimed to determine the type of goods to be accepted as business zakat payments, the method of zakat calculations on the goods and whether it should be at original cost price, current market price or premium or discount, and other issues.

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-270
Author(s):  
Daniela Gračan ◽  
Romina Alkier Radnić ◽  
Siniša Bogdan

Energy supply represents not only the energetic and ecological undertaking factor of tourist economy bearers, but the factor of profitability and competitiveness within the foreign tourist market as well. Lower energy costs form the prerequisites for higher profit accomplishments, as well as better market price competitiveness. Instead of exploiting natural resources, tourism should make the most of them, which brings into relief the directing of tourist economy subjects towards the use of restorable energy sources, particularly solar and wind energy. In spite of favourable climate features of Croatia, expressed in terms of insulation and windstrength, the restorable energy sources are still used rather insignificantly. Some positive moves in such a trend are noticeable on the island of Pag and in the town of Sibenik, where the electric energy is obtained in wind power-plants. In accordance with the concept of sustainable development of tourism, both solar energy and wind-mill energy should represent the skeleton for the energetic supply of the Croatian tourist coastline in the future. And only then, with the right amount of energy and without dependence on the world energetic markets, Croatia can develop its own healthy economic and tourist future.


2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 1540003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyam Sreekumaran Nair ◽  
Mary Mathew

In recent years, business practitioners are seen valuing patents on the basis of the market price that the patent can attract. Researchers have also looked into various patent latent variables and firm variables that influence the price of a patent. Forward citations of a patent are shown to play a role in determining price. Using patent auction price data (of Ocean Tomo now ICAP patent brokerage), we delve deeper into the role of forward citations. The successfully sold 167 singleton patents form the sample of our study. We found that, it is mainly the right tail of the citation distribution that explains the high prices of the patents falling on the right tail of the price distribution. There is consistency in the literature on the positive correlation between patent prices and forward citations. In this paper, we go deeper to understand this linear relationship through case studies. Case studies of patents with high and low citations are described in this paper to understand why some patents attracted high prices. We look into the role of additional patent latent variables like age, technology discipline, class and breadth of the patent in influencing citations that a patent receives.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-270
Author(s):  
Hendra Wijaya ◽  
Askar Patahuddin ◽  
Khaerul Aqbar ◽  
Wahyu Kurniawan Hasmudin

This study aimed to know and anlayze the process of buying and selling online with a pre-order system at the Nashrah Store online store according to Islamic law. This study was a qualitative type of research (field research) using a normative and sociological juridical approach. The research showed several things. First, in general, the process of buying and selling with a pre-order system carried out by Nashrah Store is in accordance with the laws governing electronic transaction. Second, the sale and purchase contract carried out by Nashrah Store based on the form and method of payment are to apply a salam contract. As for the final payment method, it does not apply a salam contract, but applies al-wa'd bi al-syira' which is only in the form of a purchase promise.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafinuddin Hafinuddin ◽  
Uswatun Hasanah

Prospect of fishing business of mud crab has became the right choice because demand of mud crab is increasing and market price is relatively good. The availability mud crab for local market in West Aceh District is affected by minimum catch, unefficient fishing, where fishermen is still using traditional fishing gear i.e. scoop net as well as having internal factor and external factor. Because of that, the potential business for mud crab fishing with eco-friendly fishing gear i.e. traps is very good to applied. Applying traps was carried out at Kuala Bubon Village Samatiga Sub district Aceh Barat District Aceh Province. Applying traps is for pilot project for fisherman. The Methods include 1) mentoring and sosialization traps; 2) training for making traps and 3) operating traps. Result of the activity show 1) fish catching using traps is better than using scoop net; 2) increased skilll  for fishermen about making traps and 3) increased understanding for fisherman about using eco-friendly fishing gear to catching mud crab. Applying traps for fisherman community is very potential to developed for mud crab fishing business.


2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriaan M. Bester ◽  
Seugnet Bronkhorst

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of race and income on the preferred payment instrument at pay points in a retail store in Pretoria Gauteng.Problem investigated: The method of payment, as well as the way these payment methods have been utilised, has evolved throughout history. Cash has stayed at the top of the payment instrument deck as a payment choice for the past 10 decades. With the expansion of technology payment instruments evolved to facilitate exchange between merchant and consumer. The preferred method of payment at a retail store in Gauteng, indicating whether consumers prefer cash payments or the use of cards was investigated. Further to this the difference in payment method between the different races and income groups was identified.Methodology: A quantitative survey research method was used. The statistical analysis entailed correlations using the Cramer’s V to test the dependency between two variables and the degree of dependency of variables, after which the Chi-Square test was also applied.Value of the research: The indication of consumer preference of payment method will have implications on which possibilities are available at the point of sale. Cash is no longer the only possible payment instrument; cards, debit and credit, are as easily used by consumers. Both banks and merchants will find this information important, since they need to make provision for different payment options. The results further distinguished consumer behaviour amongst different race groups and income groups.Conclusion: The research confirmed the previous findings in other countries that consumers have preconceived ideas on which payment instrument they would utilise at point of sale(POS.)


1960 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
J. G. Day

The best known and most common type of option is that where an investor pays money (option money) for the call—that is for the right to buy shares at the current price in 3 months time.This is best explained by an example. Suppose shareAstands at 50s. (market price 49s. 10½d.–50s. 1½d.) and the option rate is 4s.Then the investor pays:Option money 4s.Commission (as for buying a share at 50s. 1½d.)This payment gives him the right to buy the share at the ‘striking price’ on any ‘declaration day’ within the term of the option.


2017 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 04005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firdaus Basrawi ◽  
Asnul Hadi Ahmad ◽  
Daing Mohamad Nafiz Daing Idris ◽  
Mohd Rashidi Maarof Maarof ◽  
MRR Chand ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
EMMANUEL M. TADJOUDDINE

We consider sequential auctions wherein seller and bidder agents need to price goods on sale at the 'right' market price. We propose algorithms based on a binomial model for both the seller and buyer. Then, we consider the problem of calibrating pricing models to market data. To this end, we studied a stochastic volatility model used for option pricing, derived, and analyzed Monte Carlo estimators for computing the gradient of a certain payoff function using Finite Differencing and Algorithmic Differentiation. We then assessed the accuracy and efficiency of both methods as well as their impacts into the optimization algorithm. Numerical results are presented and discussed. This work can benefit those engaged in electronic trading or investors in financial products with the need for fast and more precise predictions of future market data.


2012 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 1052-1055
Author(s):  
Cui Fang Yu

The Power Enterprise asset valuation is usually the market price at market in the current market price down algorithm or method, as im of China's timber market, trading behavior is not very standardized, resulting in the use of market price of Evaluating the value out of Power Enterprise asset valuation, can not be objective and realistic response to the full value of Power Enterprise assets. This article will introduce AHP Power Enterprise asset valuation, the price of power species, Power Enterprise by constructing the AHP model, constructed response relationship between the various levels of indicators to determine the weight matrix to determine the lowest level of index membership, the calculation method to determine the individual materials species, the average price of a Power Enterprise assets, significantly improving the effectiveness and reliability of assessment.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document