scholarly journals Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Uveal Melanoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-921
Author(s):  
V. G. Likhvantseva ◽  
O. A. Anurova ◽  
S. E. Astakhova ◽  
M. V. Vereshchagina ◽  
V. E. Ovanesyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Small Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
The One

A prerequisite for the growth, progression and metastasis of malignant tumors of any localization is the development of its own vascular network. Newly formed vessels not only nourish the primary tumor, but also create conditions for the spread of tumor cells through the circulatory system and the formation of distant metastases. Angiogenesis is able to launch a small population of tumors from 100–300 cells that have accumulated genetic aberrations and have begun to express proangigenic molecules. The phenomenon is known as “transformation of tumor cells into angiogenic phenotype”. A tumor with angiogenic phenotype carries a high potential for proliferation and malignization. This pattern has been found in many types of cancer, but studied less in uveal melanoma. Meanwhile, in this aspect, uveal melanoma, metastasizing exclusively in a hematogenic way, with its selective, organotropic nature of metastasis, becomes an attractive model for the study of the molecular “scenario” of tumor angiogenesis studies allow us to say that, UM is subject to the general patterns of the development of malignant tumors. As with many types of tumors, VEGF is an obligate condition for the development and progression of UM. The VEGF molecule’s producers in UM are two cell populations: endothelial vascular cells and tumor cells. VEGF’s expression in UM is cyclical. The cycle is re-initiated, apparently, by increasing cell density in tumor proliferate and the development of hypoxia zones. We found no correlation between the intensity of pigmentation, necrosis, hemorrhage, germination in the corner of the front chamber, ophthalmohypertension on the one hand, and expression of VEGF in UM cells on the other. At the same time, a direct link between the expression of VEGF in tumor cells and EC vessels on the one hand and the thickness, base diameter, as well as the localization of UM, on the other hand, has been revealed. Additionally, VEGF expression in tumor cells was closely correlated with the histological structure of UM, and VEGF expression in EC correlated with the stage of the disease. Thus, the authors showed that UM, like other malignant solid tumors, is prone to transformation into angiogenic phenotype and expression of VEGF.

The role of preoperative chemotherapy for colorectal cancer metastases in the liver with the lack of RAS mutations

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 238-243
Author(s):  
A. F Lazarev ◽  
K. G Mamontov ◽  
A. G Kotelnikov ◽  
Sergey L. Khays ◽  
V. A Lubennikov
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Cancer Metastases ◽  
Modern Drug ◽  
Medicinal Treatment ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies, occupying the third place in the world among malignant tumors morbidity rate and the 4th place on the causes of death. Every year in the world there are diagnosed more than 1.3 millions of new cases of the disease. The mortality rate continues to be one of the most common causes in the structure of cancer incidence. In Russia, each year there are diagnosed more than 60 thousands of new cases of colorectal cancer. For the last time the incidence increased by 11%, out of them more than 17 thousands patients show newly diagnosed distant metastases. In the absolute majority of cases metastases in the liver are firstly detected in 2-3 years. Liver is the organ- the most commonly affected by metastases. Methods of medicinal treatment of CRC metastases are of great importance and allowed to greatly improve the life expectancy of patients. Median overall survival (OS) is 35-40 months. The one of the last achievement of the modern drug therapy of metastatic CRC was the appearance of the preparation Cetuximab. Blocking of the KRAS gene is a key compartment of the signaling pathways that transmit extracellular growth signals from the surface of the cell to the nucleus. Further signals are transmitted via the cascade into the cellular nucleus, regulating cell growth, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Results of the research of PRIME, PEAK and FIRE-3 confirm the advantage of supplement ofpanitumumab or cetuximab to chemotherapy regimens FOLFOX or FOLFIRI in patients with wild-type Ras.

scholarly journals Angioregulatory microRNAs in Colorectal Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar ◽  
Michael Grusch ◽  
Hoda Keshmiri Neghab ◽  
Razieh Amini ◽  
Hamid Maadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Angiogenic Response ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Antiangiogenic Factors ◽  
The One ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Mirnas

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. Angiogenesis is a rate-determining step in CRC development and metastasis. The balance of angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors is crucial in this process. Angiogenesis-related genes can be regulated post-transcriptionally by microRNAs (miRNAs) and some miRNAs have been shown to shuttle between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). MiRNAs have context-dependent actions and can promote or suppress angiogenesis dependent on the type of cancer. On the one hand, miRNAs downregulate anti-angiogenic targets and lead to angiogenesis induction. Tumor suppressor miRNAs, on the other hand, enhance anti-angiogenic response by targeting pro-angiogenic factors. Understanding the interaction between these miRNAs and their target mRNAs will help to unravel molecular mechanisms involved in CRC progression. The aim of this article is to review the current literature on angioregulatory miRNAs in CRC.

About malignant tumors of the nasopharynx

1908 ◽  
Vol 8 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 529-566
Author(s):  
I. S. Rozhdestvensky
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Metastatic Tumors ◽  
Lymphatic Gland

A common characteristic for the malignancy of tumors is the property of their cells to capture adjacent tissues, enter by lymphatic or blood vessels, graft and give new tumors both in the nearest parts of the body (dissemination), as well as in distant organs that hide (metastases). On a microscopic preparation, you can see in addition to the phenomena of multiplication of tumor cells (karyokinesis), even cells moving from the periphery of the tumor into the nearest lymphatic gap and lymphatic gland, where they, multiplying, give secondary nodes; in the same way, they can be found in the blood, by which they are carried to the most diverse and distant parts of the body, sometimes giving (for example, sarcomas) an innumerable number of metastatic tumors of the same histological structure.

scholarly journals Applying Single-Cell Technology in Uveal Melanomas: Current Trends and Perspectives for Improving Uveal Melanoma Metastasis Surveillance and Tumor Profiling

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Meng Wang ◽  
Chuanfei Chen ◽  
Myoe Naing Lynn ◽  
Carlos R. Figueiredo ◽  
Wei Jian Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Melanoma Metastasis ◽  
Molecular Features

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary adult intraocular malignancy. This rare but devastating cancer causes vision loss and confers a poor survival rate due to distant metastases. Identifying clinical and molecular features that portend a metastatic risk is an important part of UM workup and prognostication. Current UM prognostication tools are based on determining the tumor size, gene expression profile, and chromosomal rearrangements. Although we can predict the risk of metastasis fairly accurately, we cannot obtain preclinical evidence of metastasis or identify biomarkers that might form the basis of targeted therapy. These gaps in UM research might be addressed by single-cell research. Indeed, single-cell technologies are being increasingly used to identify circulating tumor cells and profile transcriptomic signatures in single, drug-resistant tumor cells. Such advances have led to the identification of suitable biomarkers for targeted treatment. Here, we review the approaches used in cutaneous melanomas and other cancers to isolate single cells and profile them at the transcriptomic and/or genomic level. We discuss how these approaches might enhance our current approach to UM management and review the emerging data from single-cell analyses in UM.

scholarly journals MEDICAL-SOCIAL PORTRAIT OF THE FEMALE PATIENT SUFFERING FROM THE ONCOLOGICAL DISEASE

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-296
Author(s):  
O. P Goleva ◽  
O. N Prudnikova ◽  
D. M Vyushkov ◽  
O. V Leonov ◽  
Zulfiya B. Tasova
Keyword(s):  
Circulatory System ◽  
College Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Resident ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Private House ◽  
Social Features ◽  
The One ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
First Time

In the article there are presented results of the analysis of the questionnaire survey of 236 respondents, the executed survey according to specially developed questionnaire has been directed to the study of medico-social features of patients of the gynecologic unit of the Clinical Oncologic Dispensary. The typical patient was established to be typical urban resident aged of 52.6 ± 0.6 years, who has a college education (the highest or specialized secondary), satisfactory living conditions, married and equal smooth relationships in a family. On the one hand, the most part of women (76.3%) were quite active physically during the day (are involved in the work on a personal plot, the private house or played sports), from the other side - 33,8% of respondents had excess weight (25 < IMT < 30). 82.2% of women indicated that they had financial difficulties. The presence of such a harmful habit as smoking was demonstrated by 16.9% of respondents, however, the majority of women (56.7%) do not drink alcohol at all. The obstetric and gynecologic history included menses in the period from 12 to 14 years (79.3%), the most part of the interviewed cases did not show disorders in menses of various character. Average age of the beginning of sex life accounted for 19.5 ± 0.12 years, the average number of pregnancies per 1 woman amounted to 3.4 ± 0.12. Among the leading somatic diseases there were indicated diseases of the circulatory system (27.5%), digestive tract (19,4%), the musculoskeletal system (14%), urinary tract (9.9%) and pathology of respiratory organs (7.5%). The hereditary burdened malignant process took place in 42.6% of respondents, at the same time in most of respondents (51.3%) the disease was registered for the first time.

scholarly journals Circulating Tumor Cells as Prognostic Factor for Distant Metastases and Survival in Patients with Primary Uveal Melanoma

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schuster ◽  
N. E. Bechrakis ◽  
A. Stroux ◽  
A. Busse ◽  
A. Schmittel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Distant Metastases

Detection of circulating tumor cells by RT-PCR as a prognostic factor for distant metastases and survival uveal melanoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S59
Author(s):  
A. Schmittel ◽  
R. Schuster ◽  
N. Bechrakis ◽  
A. Stroux ◽  
A. Busse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Rt Pcr

scholarly journals THE ENDURING PARTNERSHIP OF A NEOPLASTIC VIRUS AND CARCINOMA CELLS

1942 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Altered Form ◽  
The One

The V2 carcinoma—a transplanted rabbit cancer derived originally from a virus-induced papilloma and carrying in masked or altered form the virus primarily responsible for it—was propagated in five successive groups of animals all previously hyperimmunized against the papilloma virus. The cancer grew as well in the hyperimmunized hosts as in normal animals implanted during the same months; and serological tests, made when the tumor was eventually returned to ordinary hosts, proved that the virus was still associated with the carcinoma cells: it had increased to the usual extent as the tumor grew in the hyperimmune animals. The continued increase of the neoplastic virus during propagation of the V2 carcinoma in hyperimmunized hosts contrasts sharply with the elimination of certain extraneous passenger viruses when the tumors they ride upon are grown in hosts previously immunized against them. The facts as a whole would seem to warrant a distinction between the enduring partnership of a neoplastic virus and carcinoma cells on the one hand and the casual association of passenger viruses with tumor cells on the other.

scholarly journals Metastasis and Tumor Cell Migration of Solid Tumors

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5576
Author(s):  
Jens Hoeppner ◽  
Peter Bronsert
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Tumor Site ◽  
Tumor Cell Migration ◽  
Initial Tumor

The developmental process of local and distant metastases represents the major and defining trait of malignant tumors, whereby tumor cells sustain the capability to migrate from the initial tumor site, seed, and grow at a location other than that of the initial tumor [...]

scholarly journals The Role of Osteosynthesys Materials in the Etiopathology of Bone Malignant Tumors and Reconstruction Possibilities. Case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 3669-3674
Author(s):  
Cezar Ionut Calin ◽  
Marinel Drignei ◽  
Stergios Ganatsios ◽  
Eric Jovenet ◽  
George Dinache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Locomotor System ◽  
Primary Bone ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One

The use of osteosynthesis materials in orthopedics is fundamental in the surgical management of patients presenting with various pathologies of the locomotor system, in most cases trauma, but also malign and benign tumors. The risk that these materials could have in inducing malignant transformation of benign tumors or in the onset of primary malignant tumors, was rarely studied. On the one hand, primary malignant tumors of the locomotor system are much less frequent than other kind of neoplasms (for example Ewing sarcoma has an incidence of 1-3 cases / 1.000.000 people / year, ostosarcoma has an incidence of 2 cases / 1.000.000 people / year). On the other hand, usually there is a time window of several years, different from one case to another, from the moment of action of the etiopathogenic factor to the moment of revealing the presence of a neoplastic disease. Based on our clinical practice on a few clinical cases, we intend to study more thoroughly the etiology of primary bone malignant tumors in general and the role of the osteosynthesys materials in this matter especially.

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