scholarly journals Adolescent/Young Adult (AYA) Hematology/Oncology Patient and Parent Attitudes toward AYA COVID-19 Vaccination

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L. Hardman ◽  
Mahvish Q. Rahim ◽  
Meagan E. Miller ◽  
Scott L. Coven ◽  
Seethal A. Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Oncology Patient ◽  
Community Benefits ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vaccine Decision Making

Background: Adolescent/young adult (AYA) patients with hematologic and oncologic conditions are at increased risk for complications of COVID-19 and thus are important targets for vaccine outreach. AYA patients are transitioning from relying upon parental vaccine decision-making to independently making their own decisions. AYA with sickle cell disease (SCD) are of particular concern because a high proportion are African American and experience structural racism in addition to their illness. Further, AYA patients with chronic conditions may consider their past and present illness in their decision-making process. Methods: As part of a larger IRB-approved study, we recruited vaccine decision-makers for AYA patients aged 9-21 years attending SCD and oncology survivor clinics, including AYA patients 18-21 years old and parents of AYA patients 9-21 years old. After informed consent, participants completed a short demographic survey and a semi-structured interview regarding their vaccine decision-making process. Questions about the COVID-19 vaccine were incorporated given the ongoing pandemic. Results: Forty-nine parents and 21 AYA patients were recruited. The primary barriers reported regarding vaccination were concerns about its short-term side effects (57% AYAs; 37% parents) and potential to have unknown, long-term effects (10% AYAs; 14% parents). There were also concerns voiced about how rapidly the vaccine was developed (14% AYAs; 27% parents) and misconceptions about the vaccine (19% AYAs; 10% parents). Parents and AYA patients described the benefits of vaccination as lowering personal risk (62% AYAs; 35% parents) and several also mentioned the community benefits of preventing the spread of COVID-19 (19% AYAs; 8% parents) and a possible return to “normal” (14% AYAs; 10% parents). Potential Impact: The data from this study will further the understanding of how parents and young adults with chronic hematologic and oncologic conditions make decisions about COVID-19 vaccination, a vital tool for protecting medically and socially vulnerable populations during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A troubled View of Current Trends in Forensic Psychiatry

1974 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seymour L. Halleck
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Forensic Psychiatry ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Social Purpose ◽  
Current Trends

Increasing involvement of psychiatrists in legal issues seems inevitable. As the courts are being asked to resolve more and more social conflicts they have understandably sought the assistance of specialists who allegedly bring expertise and prestige to the decision-making process. While psychiatrists can sometimes help the courts make more informed decisions, there is good reason to question whether much of current psychiatric involvement in legal issues serves a useful social purpose. Psychiatrists are also spending more time in the courtroom defending certain treatments of patients that had never before been questioned. The validity of attacks on certain psychiatric practices and the potential long-term effects on the treatment of patients must be reappraised in terms of current social conditions.

Latinas’ Amniocentesis Decision-Making Process Semi-Structured Interview Guide

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Guerra Seth ◽  
Thomas Goka ◽  
Andrea Harbison ◽  
Lisa Hollier ◽  
Susan Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Interview Guide

scholarly journals 3.L. Workshop: It’s time for timeliness in Health Technology Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Set Up

Abstract The timeliness of the release of results is one of the most critical issue regarding Health Technology Assessment (HTA) and its potential to support decision-making. This matter may reflect the deep conflict between HTA doers and users. HTA is a form of evidence-based research, expected to timely inform decision-making at several levels - from health policy (macro) to hospital and clinical management (meso and micro) - ensuring accuracy and assessment of both short- and long-term effects of a health technology. HTA purpose therefore is to respond to real world needs, while not overlook a correct methodology. Fast developing health technologies have rapidly spread over the past decades, hence increasing demand for timely assessment aimed at their prompt implementation and management, especially at meso and micro decisional levels. Furthermore, the need for quick answers is emphasized by the pressures placed on policy-makers when a health technology is publicly promoted or contested. Furthermore, an ill-timed assessment can lead to several consequences, among which possible inequalities in access to healthcare. In order to address the challenge of timeliness, organizations involved in HTA should set up models and tools to deliver timely information. The aim of this workshop is to point out the timeliness of HTA as crucial in the decision-making process as a mismanagement of HTA system could be an obstacle to an appropriate healthcare policy. Else more, the workshop would like to critically present examples where research was on time or too late to be included in the decision-making process and elaborate on possible models to successfully deal with timeliness of HTA deliverables in particular at hospital level. Key messages The timeframe of HTA should ensure the accuracy of information and of methodological and legal steps, without forgetting the timeliness of delivery. Models and instruments should be implemented in order to guarantee the timeliness of HTA reports.

scholarly journals Elementos que influyen en el proceso de toma de decisiones en deportes individuales de alto rendimiento: un estudio cualitativo (Elements that influence the process of decision-making in high-performance individual sports: a qualitative study)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
Aquiles Alejandro Almonacid-Fierro ◽  
Miguel Martinez Romero ◽  
Manuel Alberto Almonacid Fierro
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Information Processing Model ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
The Moment

El estudio tiene como objetivo, identificar los elementos que influyen en el proceso de toma de decisión en deportistas de alto rendimiento, durante el momento de la competición, desde la mirada subjetiva de los propios atletas. Existirían principalmente dos teorías que explicarían la toma de decisión, por un lado, el modelo de procesamiento de la información y, por otro lado, la dimensión ecológica. No obstante, en ambas estarían involucrados una diversidad de elementos que generan como producto final una determinada decisión, generando una conducta intencional y, por ende, una consecuencia que puede ser negativa o positiva. El estudio consideró a doce deportistas de Natación, Ciclismo y Canotaje. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cualitativo utilizando una metodología de recolección de datos mediante el método inductivo realizado a través de una entrevista semi-estructurada. Los datos se analizaron mediante la codificación abierta circunscrita a la teoría fundamentada en los datos, que permite el análisis de contenido mediante fases de organización y sistematización. Como conclusión del estudio, se puede señalar que la toma de decisión en el deporte es un proceso, en donde se conjugan aspectos tales como autoconfianza, motivación, expectativas de autoeficacia, concentración y emociones, con sus respectivas subcategorías. La elección tomada por el deportista sería el punto final de todo el proceso de toma de decisión, donde debe analizar la información interna como las variables del ambiente, el momento de cada competencia, las características de cada deporte y los aspectos cognitivos-emocionales que emergen en tan decisiva instancia deportiva.Abstract. The main objective of the study is to identify the elements that influence the decision-making process in high-performance athletes during de time of competitions, from de subjective view of the athletes themselves. There would be mainly two theories that would explain the decision making process, on de one hand, the information processing model and the other hand the ecological dimension. However, in both of them a diversity of elements would be involved that generate as a final product a certain decision, generating an intentional behavior and, therefore, a consequence that can be negative or positive. The study considered twelve athletes from Swimming, Cycling and Canoeing. The research had a qualitative approach using a data collection methodology by means of the inductive method carried out through a semi-structured interview. The data was analyzed through open coding limited to the Theory based on the Data, which allows content analysis through organizational and systematization phases. As conclusion of the study, it can be noted that decision-making in sport is a process, where aspects such as self-confidence, motivation, expectations of self-efficacy, concentration and emotions are combined with their respective subcategories. The choice made by the athlete would be the end point of the entire decision-making process, where he must analyze the internal information such as the environmental variables, the moment of each competition, the characteristics of each sport and the cognitive-emotional aspects that emerge in such a decisive sports instance.

scholarly journals Impacts of Visualizations on Decoy Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12674
Author(s):  
Yuin Jeong ◽  
Sangheon Oh ◽  
Younah Kang ◽  
Sung-Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Qualitative Interview ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Decoy Effect ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Decoy Effects ◽  
Visual Interfaces

The decoy effect is a well-known, intriguing decision-making bias that is often exploited by marketing practitioners to steer consumers towards a desired purchase outcome. It demonstrates that an inclusion of an alternative in the choice set can alter one’s preference among the other choices. Although this decoy effect has been universally observed in the real world and also studied by many economists and psychologists, little is known about how to mitigate the decoy effect and help consumers make informed decisions. In this study, we conducted two experiments: a quantitative experiment with crowdsourcing and a qualitative interview study—first, the crowdsourcing experiment to see if visual interfaces can help alleviate this cognitive bias. Four types of visualizations, one-sided bar chart, two-sided bar charts, scatterplots, and parallel-coordinate plots, were evaluated with four different types of scenarios. The results demonstrated that the two types of bar charts were effective in decreasing the decoy effect. Second, we conducted a semi-structured interview to gain a deeper understanding of the decision-making strategies while making a choice. We believe that the results have an implication on showing how visualizations can have an impact on the decision-making process in our everyday life.

scholarly journals Perceived Constraints on Participation of Rural Women in Decision-Making Process: Insights from Dairy Farming in Surguja District of Chhattisgarh

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Ankur Gupta ◽  
Anindita Saha ◽  
Ravi Kumar Gupta ◽  
Digvijay Singh Dhakre
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Resource Ownership ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Perceived Constraints ◽  
Knowledge Constraint

The women folk are considered the backbone of the nation and better half of the men in almost all spheres of community development. Rural women constitute about 50% of the total rural population. The present study was conducted in Surguja district of Chhattisgarh to know the extent of participation of rural women in the decision-making process of dairy farming. Data were collected from 120 rural women using a structured interview schedule. 30 women farmers were chosen from each selected village thus constituting a sample size of 120 by simple random method. The study showed that the five components have greater than one Eigenvalues which was named constraint on social perception toward women, constraint on backwardness related, constraint of knowledge, Constraint on Resource Ownership and constraint on attitude. Dairy farming in the study area holds a very good future because certain dairy farming related operations and taking decisions farm women have better than male farmers. But due to many constraints and obstacles in the participation of rural women in the decision making process of dairy farming, which undermined the efficiency of rural women.

scholarly journals DECISION-MAKING PROCESS OF NEWS PRODUCTION IN THE CONGOLESE NATIONAL RADIO AND TELEVISION

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbuku Josephine Gibemba
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
African Countries ◽  
News Production ◽  
Media Institutions ◽  
National Media ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring

In the Democratic Republic of the Congo as in several African countries, the news are made by several national media institutions. From the collection stage to the diffusion of news, several stages of decision-making are requested. The objective of this study is to analyse the decision-making process in the news production, its stages, the departments involved and the factors influencing the decision-making stages of news between collection, processing, selection, dissemination and evaluation of news. To achieve the objective and to verify the assumptions, the study adopted the mixed methodology combining the collection of qualitative and quantitative data in the continuous or simultaneous approach to presentation of results. A literature search allowed for the design of the theoretical model and a semi-structured interview survey was conducted to collect relevant data in a non-probabilistic, occasional or intentional sample consisting of 26 journalists of the Congolese national radio-television. The activities of collection, processing, selection, diffusion as well as evaluation and monitoring of news are the stages of the news production. These steps can be grouped into three: design and elaboration of news, publications of news and feedback. And several actors are involved. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0894/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Sibling bullying in middle childhood and psychotic disorder at 18 years: a prospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (14) ◽  
pp. 2321-2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slava Dantchev ◽  
Stanley Zammit ◽  
Dieter Wolke
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Categorical Analysis ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractBackgroundBeing bullied by a sibling has been recently identified as a potential risk factor for developing depression and self-harm. It is unknown whether this risk extends to other serious mental health problems such as psychosis. We investigated whether sibling bullying victimization or perpetration in middle childhood was prospectively associated with psychotic disorder in early adulthood.MethodsThe current study investigated 6988 participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a UK community-based birth cohort. Sibling bullying was reported at 12 years and psychotic disorder was assessed via a semi-structured interview at 18 years.ResultsInvolvement in sibling bullying was associated with psychotic disorder in a dose-response fashion, even after controlling for a range of confounders. Those involved several times a week were 2–3 times more likely to meet criteria for a psychotic disorder [odds ratio (OR); 95% confidence interval (CI)]: victimization (OR 2.74; CI 1.28–5.87); perpetration (OR 3.16; CI 1.35–7.41). Categorical analysis indicated that particularly victims (OR 3.10; CI 1.48–6.50) and bully-victims (OR 2.66; CI 1.24–5.69) were at increased risk of psychotic disorder. Involvement in both sibling and peer bullying had a dose-effect relationship with a psychotic disorder, with those victimized in both contexts having more than four times the odds for a psychotic disorder (OR 4.57; CI 1.73–12.07).ConclusionParents and health professionals should be aware of the adverse long-term effects of sibling bullying.

Abstract P61: Weighing More than the Risks: Cardiologists' Prescription of Warfarin for Atrial Fibrillation Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda S Garavalia ◽  
Brian J Garavalia ◽  
Teresa Simon ◽  
William Daniel ◽  
Carole Decker
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Urban Hospital ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Clinical Risks ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Depth Interviews

Introduction: Prior research indicates underprescription of warfarin to reduce cardioembolism for eligible atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Physicians' reluctance to prescribe warfarin for AF patients may be due to perceived increased risk of bleeding or underestimation of stroke risk. However, other factors may influence decisions for warfarin treatment. The purpose of the present study was to develop an in-depth understanding of the cardiologist's decision making process for warfarin anticoagulation and the management of AF. Methods: Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 (14 male) cardiologists in a large Midwestern cardiology practice affiliated with an urban hospital. Interviews ranged from 15-35 minutes, culminating in nearly 200 pages of transcripts, and took place in person (n=6) at the hospital or over the telephone (n=10). On average, participants had 13 years of experience in treating patients and all had experience with AF patients who had excessive bleeds and/or strokes within the past 12 months. Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation occurred. Results: Descriptive content analysis found that cardiologists reported consideration of a range of clinical factors: rate and rhythm control, CHADS 2 score, patient co-morbidities, and other prescribed medications in their decision to aggressively treat according to accepted AF treatment guidelines. Additionally, their decision also considered more subjective factors such as the likelihood a patient would comply with a complex therapy and knowledge of patients' drug and alcohol use. “You have to risk profile them individually and go from there” was a recurrent observation. Conclusions: The decision making process used by cardiologists in determining warfarin anticoagulation in the treatment of AF is complex. The cardiologist considers a range of factors when prescribing warfarin beyond the clinical risks including more subjective lifestyle and cultural issues. When these other unmeasurable factors, such as the burden of treatment and lifestyle, are entered into the equation by cardiologists, anticoagulation may be less appealing, regardless of actual clinical risk.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document