scholarly journals Prospective study of maternal outcomes in primigravida with gestational diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care centre Venjaramood, Thiruvananthapuram

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Lency S. Kuriakose ◽  
Bhavani L. Nair ◽  
Prameeda P. Radha
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Good Compliance ◽  
Iadpsg Criteria

Background: The prevalence of Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is on the rise. Understanding the various outcomes of it is essential to face this challenge. The aim of the study was to understand the maternal outcomes of GDM in primigravida and to compare the maternal outcomes in primigravida with GDM and without GDM.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Venjaramood, Thiruvananthapuram, on 180 primigravida mothers,90 with and 90 without gestational diabetes. GDM was diagnosed with IADPSG criteria using 75 g Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).Results: A total of 180 primigravida with singleton gestation, 90 with GDM and 90 without GDM were followed from pregnancy to delivery after fulfilling criteria during study period. 65.6% GDM mothers had good compliance with Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) and exercise.  88.8% of GDM mothers required induction of labour, 13.3% had pregnancy induced hypertension, 12.2% had vulvovaginal candidiasis and 10% had postpartum hemorrhage. Thus, women with GDM on MNT or MNT with insulin had a higher risk of adverse maternal outcomes but was comparable to normoglycemic mothers if they had good compliance to MNT or insulin.Conclusions: Women with GDM had a higher but comparable risk of adverse maternal outcomes as compared to normoglycemic pregnant mothers, if they strictly adhere to MNT with or without insulin reflecting the importance of good treatment compliance. 

scholarly journals High probability of false-positive gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosis during early pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001234
Author(s):  
Sayuri Nakanishi ◽  
Shigeru Aoki ◽  
Junko Kasai ◽  
Ryosuke Shindo ◽  
Soichiro Obata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Iadpsg Criteria

IntroductionThis study aimed to assess the validity of applying the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) criteria for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at any time during pregnancy.Research design and methodsThis multicenter cohort study was conducted at five Japanese facilities from January 2018 to April 2019. The study cohort included women at a high risk of GDM who met one or more of the following IADPSG criteria during early pregnancy: fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥92 mg/dL and 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) value of ≥180 mg/dL at 1 hour, or ≥153 mg/dL at 2 hour (hereafter early-onset GDM). Women diagnosed with early-onset GDM were followed up without therapeutic intervention and underwent the 75 g OGTT again during 24–28 weeks of gestation. Those exhibiting the GDM patterns on the second 75 g OGTT were diagnosed with true GDM and treated, whereas those exhibiting the normal patterns were diagnosed with false positive early GDM and received no therapeutic intervention.ResultsOf the 146 women diagnosed with early-onset GDM, 69 (47%) had normal 75 g OGTT values at 24–28 weeks of gestation, indicating a false-positive result. FPG levels were significantly higher in the first 75 g-OGTT test than in the second 75 g-OGTT test (93 mg/dL and 87.5 mg/dL, respectively; p<0.001). FPG levels were high in 86 (59%) women with early-onset GDM during early pregnancy but in only 39 (27%) women during mid-pregnancy. Compared with false positive early GDM, true GDM was more frequently associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.ConclusionsAlthough women with early-onset GDM were followed up without treatment, the results of repeated 75 g OGTT during mid-pregnancy were normal in about 50%. Our data did not support the adoption of IADPSG thresholds for the diagnosis of GDM prior to 20 weeks of gestation.

scholarly journals Prevalence and cause of gestational diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care center in Kolar district: a population based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2709
Author(s):  
Poojita Tummala ◽  
Munikrishna M. ◽  
Kiranmayee P.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is carbohydrate intolerance at the onset of pregnancy which induces pathological short term or long term outcomes for both mother and baby. The aim of the present study was to know the prevalence of GDM in pregnant women who were attending the antenatal care (ANC) center at a tertiary care hospital in Kolar, Karnataka, India.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, a constituent of Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, Karnataka, India. The duration of the study was two months. In this study, 108 pregnant women above 24 weeks of gestation were screened for GDM by oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting 2 milli liter blood was collected and were given 75 grams of glucose in 200 milli liters of water and asked to drink within 5 minutes. Again 2 milli liters venous blood was collected after 1 hour and 2 hours from all participants. Plasma sample was used for the estimation of glucose by glucose oxidase and peroxidase (GOD-POD) method.Results: Out of 108, 12 women (11.1%) were diagnosed with GDM. The prevalence rate was higher in the age group of 26-30 years (41.6%).  Among 12 diabetic women, five (47.2%) exercised regularly and seven (58.3%) did not doing exercise. Out of 12 GDM subjects, eight of them had family history of diabetes in first degree relatives; among which one was hypertensive and five were suffering from thyroid problems.Conclusions: In the present study, the prevalence of GDM was found to be 11.1%. Prevalence of GDM might be influenced by increasing age, pre pregnancy weight, family history of diabetes, past history of pregnancy complications, status of literacy and exercise.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of current diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya V Boyadzhieva ◽  
Iliana Atanasova ◽  
Sabina Zacharieva ◽  
Tsvetalina Tankova ◽  
Violeta Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
International Association ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iadpsg Criteria

Background To compare current guidelines for diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to identify the ones that are the most relevant for application among pregnant Bulgarian population. Methods A total of 800 pregnant women at high risk for GDM underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation as antenatal screening. The results were interpreted and classified according to the guidelines of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG), American Diabetes Association (ADA), Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society, Canadian Diabetes Association, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, New Zealand Society for the study of Diabetes and World Health Organization. Results The application of different diagnostic criteria resulted in prevalences of GDM between 10.8% and 31.6%. Using any two sets of criteria, women who were classified differently varied between 0.1% and 21.1% ( P < 0.001).The IADPSG criteria were the most inclusive criteria and resulted in the highest prevalence of GDM. There was a significant difference in the major metabolic parameters between GDM and control groups, regardless of which of the diagnostic criteria applied. GDM diagnosed according to all criteria resulted in increased proportion of delivery by caesarean section (CS). However, only ADA and IADPSG criteria identified both increased macrosomia (odds ratio, 2.36; 2.29) and CS rate. Conclusion The need for GDM screening is indisputable. In our view, the new IADPSG guidelines offer a unique opportunity for a unified national and global approach to GDM.

scholarly journals Gestational diabetes mellitus - need for universal screening - a clinical study in a tertiary care centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1973
Author(s):  
Kondapuram Veena ◽  
Srilakshmi Ambarkar ◽  
Srilakshmi Ambarkar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Load

Background: To study the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus among antenatal mothers and to assess the importance of universal screening to detect gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods: A total of 300 antenatal women irrespective of gestational age were screened for GDM at their antenatal visit during the period of January 2020 to June 2020. All women were screened with 75gm oral glucose load irrespective of last meal followed by blood glucose estimation by glucose oxidase peroxidase method 2 hours following glucose load. A cut-off of 140mg/dl or more were labelled as gestational diabetes mellitus as per DIPSI guidelines.Results: Out of 300 antenatal women tested, 24 women (8%) were positive for gestational diabetes mellitus. During the first, second and third trimesters 12.5%, 33.33% and 54.17% were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus respectively. The number of gestational diabetes mellitus patients for the age groups ≤20 years, 21-25 years, 26-30 years and >30 years are 2 (8.33%), 3 (12.5%), 8 (33.33%) and 11 (45.83%) respectively. The number of pregnant women tested positive for gestational diabetes mellitus with BMI ≤18.5, 18.6-24.9, 25-29.9 and 30-35 are 2 (8.33%), 4(16.67%), 8(33.33%) and 10(41.67%) respectively.Conclusions: Prevalence of GDM in our study is 8%. About 29.16% of GDM did not have any risk factors. This emphasizes the importance of universal screening for GDM of all pregnant women irrespective of gestational age. There is an increased association of GDM with age, BMI, family history and parity according to our study.

scholarly journals A study of gestational diabetes mellitus and fetal outcome in a tertiary care center

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3417
Author(s):  
Aashka M. Mashkaria ◽  
Babulal S. Patel ◽  
Aastha M. Mashkaria ◽  
Akshay C. Shah ◽  
Shashwat K. Jani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels

Background: Modern desk-bound lifestyle and unhealthy dietary changes have brought a rise in the prevalence of obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). It is associated with severe hazards to the mother and the baby. It is mandatory that early diagnosis ensues and timely and congruous management is undertaken.Methods: In this observational study, 1250 women were included. A standardized questionnaire was formed and their details were noted. Tests for glucose levels, complete blood picture, urine examination were performed. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed on all the patients. Neonatal outcomes in terms of birth weight and the presence of complications were noted.Results: A total 201 (16.1%) of all women were having gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Most mothers were in the 25-30 age group. The majority of the women had a BMI between 26-30. 21.9% of babies were having weight >3.5 kgs. 11.4% of babies were <2.5 kgs. Out of 201 neonates, 90 babies were having complications. Major complications in neonates were macrosomia and respiratory distress. Therefore, early diagnosis, glycemic control, and timely and congruous management are advantageous to both mother and baby.Conclusions: GDM complicating the pregnancy results in a higher prevalence of complications in the mother and the neonate. Therefore, appropriate control of the sugar level in mothers is necessary and it decreases the morbidity and mortality rates in the babies as well as the mothers. 

scholarly journals GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 015-019
Author(s):  
Afsheen Qazi ◽  
Amin Fahim ◽  
Aneela Qureshi3 ◽  
Mazhar ul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of

Objectives: The present study was designed to find the importance of properscreening and early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Study Design: A prospective/descriptive study Place of Study: tertiary care hospital Hyderabad. Duration of Study: fromSeptember 2014 to November 2014. Materials and Methods: A total of 168 pregnant femalesbetween the ages of 20-40 years & in their 24th to 28th week of gestation were enrolled for thestudy. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test of all the participants was done after an overnight fasting of10-12 hours. All the participants were given 75gm of glucose per 100 ml of distilled water. Theblood samples were collected after two hours time for serum glucose levels. Results: Mostof the participants were below 26 years of age 47(27.9%) with the mean age of 30.2±5.83years. However the highest prevalence of GDM was observed in age group 31-35 years (36%).Among the 25 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus the highest number of patients with GDMwere multipara (40%) followed by parity of 3-4 gravida (32%). Twenty seven women (16%)women had family history of diabetes mellitus. Among these 12/27 (44.4%) women were foundwith GDM, compared to 15/141 (10.6%) who have no family history of diabetes mellitus. Total14 (8.33%) women were found obese, out of these 8 (57%) women had GDM while only 6(42.8%) women had no GDM. Conclusion: The prevalence of GDM in the present study isfound to be 14.8%. A prevalence of GDM was higher in the elderly multiparous females whowere overweight and had family history of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: which lifestyle parameters should be changed?

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Polina Viktorovna Popova ◽  
Aleksandra Sergeevna Tkachuk ◽  
Yana Alexeevna Bolotko ◽  
Andrey Sergeevich Gerasimov ◽  
Ksenia Alexandrovna Demidova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
Iadpsg Criteria ◽  
Quantitative Manner

Background. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy. It can cause significant problems for the mother and offspring, such as caesarean delivery, birth trauma and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the future. The identification and correction of modifiable risk factors for GDM will provide a possibility to prevent these complications. Aim. This study aimed to identify the most significant lifestyle parameters affecting the risk of developing GDM. Methods. The study included 680 pregnant women who underwent oral glucose tolerance test at 2432 weeks of pregnancy and responded to a questionnaire comprising the following sections stratified in a semi-quantitative manner: the consumption of major food groups and drinks and the amount of physical activity and smoking before and during pregnancy. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify lifestyle parameters that influence GDM development. GDM was diagnosed according to the IADPSG criteria. Results. GDM was diagnosed in 266 women; the other 414 women formed the control group. The most significant dietary risk factor for developing GDM was the consumption of sausage(s), dried fruits and fresh fruits. Eating sausage(s) more than thrice a week during pregnancy increased the risk of developing GDM by 2.4 times [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.53.8; p 0.001] and so did the consumption of dried fruits more than thrice a week during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR), 6.5; 95% CI, 2.516.8; p 0.001)] compared with the risk of GDM by less consumption of these food groups. A regular consumption of fresh fruits more than 12 times a week during pregnancy reduced the risk of GDM (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.30.8; p = 0.015). The habit of climbing at least four floors per day during pregnancy also reduced the risk of GDM (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.51.0; p = 0.069). Conclusions. The recommendations for GDM prevention should include limiting the consumption of sausage(s) and dried fruits, increasing the consumption of fresh fruits and introducing regular physical activities, such as climbing stairs.

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