scholarly journals Comparative study of single dose preoperative antibiotics versus both preoperative and postoperative antibiotics in laparoscopic appendicectomy for nonperforated appendicitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3092
Author(s):  
Himabindu Bangaru ◽  
Varun V. Gaiki ◽  
M. V. Ranga Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Postoperative Hospital Stay ◽  
Laparoscopic Appendicectomy ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Preoperative Antibiotics

Background: Antibiotics are being administered both preoperatively and postoperatively even in uncomplicated nonperforated appendicitis. Studies regarding role of postoperative antibiotics in laparoscopic appendicectomy for nonperforated appendicitis are sparse. The aim of the study is therefore to study the efficacy of single dose preoperative antibiotics versus both preoperative and postoperative antibiotics in reducing surgical site infection in laparoscopic appendicectomy for uncomplicated nonperforated acute appendicitis.Methods: This is a prospective study done in general surgery department at Malla Reddy institute of medical sciences from September to April 2016.162 patients with nonperforated appendicitis were randomly allocated into two groups. 80 patients in Group A were given single dose of preoperative prophylactic antibiotics. No further antibiotics were given. 82 patients in Group B were given both preoperative and postoperative antibiotics. Postoperative surgical site infection and duration of postoperative hospital stay were compared between both groups. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA, Fisher’s Exact test and Chi-square test wherever necessary.Results: There was no significant difference in the rate of surgical site infection in both groups. The mean duration of postoperative hospital stay was shorter in preoperative antibiotics only group (Group A). Age and gender had no significant association with surgical site infection. There was no deep incisional or organ space infection in this study.Conclusions: Single dose prophylactic antibiotics would be sufficient in cases of laparoscopic appendicectomy for simple uncomplicated nonperforated acute appendicitis. Postoperative antibiotic administration would not be necessary in these cases.

scholarly journals The Use of Oral Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection on Postoperative Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Norman Hadi ◽  
Hantoro Ishardyanto
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Modified Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Significant Difference

Surgical operations on modified radical mastectomy are considered clean procedures by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) wound classification system. Despite this, higher than expected Surgical Site Infection (SSI) rates are reported, varying from 1 % to 26 % across the literature. Some surgeons also prescribe postoperative prophylaxis for postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients to prevent infection despite its lack of proven efficacy. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of oral antibiotics to prevent Surgical Site Infection (SSI) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. This study was double-blinded randomized control trial of 60 postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients (2 groups) during the period of December 2017 to March 2018. Samples were prospectively divided into two groups (random sampling), in group A (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued with oral antibiotics postoperative (Cefadroxil 2 x 500 mg) during 7 days and in group B (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued without postoperative antibiotics (placebo). Both groups were evaluated clinically for surgical site infection up to 30 days. There was no statistically significant difference in both groups {p=1 (p>0.05)}. There was no incidence of surgical site infection in both groups during the 30-day follow-up period (days 3, 7, 14 and 30). There was no difference in the surgical site infection rate among those who received oral postoperative antibiotics prophylactic and without antibiotics (placebo) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Because of the potential adverse events associated with antibiotic use, further evaluation of this practice is required.

scholarly journals Comparative study of single dose preoperative antibiotic versus five days antibiotic course in preventing surgical site infection for pediatric inguinal herniotomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Pinaki Ranjan Debnath ◽  
Arnab Kumar Saha ◽  
Rashmi D ◽  
Vasu Gautam ◽  
Chetna Khanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Inguinal Herniotomy

To compare single dose preoperative antibiotic versus five days antibiotic course in preventing surgical site infection for the pediatric inguinal herniotomy.The present study was conducted on 100 patients of elective inguinal herniotomy from January 2019 to April 2020 and compared on the basis of single dose preoperative antibiotic versus five days antibiotic course. All the patients were evaluated on the 3rd, 7th and 28th post-operative period and instructions were given to the guardians about wound care and to attend for early follow up if any signs & symptoms of wound infection appear.50% of the patients were treated with prophylactic single dose antibiotic, i.e. inj. Ceftriaxone (30 mg/kg/dose) at the time of induction only and rest 50% were treated with inj. Ceftriaxone(30mg/kg/dose) at the time of induction as well as postoperatively at night followed by four days of oral antibiotic with Syr/Tablet. Cephalexin (25mg/kg/day) three times daily for another 4 days.Surgical Site Infection (SSI) in Group-B (4.0%) was higher than that of Group-A (2.0%) on day 3 but it was not significant (p=0.40). There was no significant difference in health status of the patients of the two groups when compared on post-operative day 7 and day 28 (p=0.99, p=0.99 respectively).Implementation of single dose antibiotic prophylaxis regimes tailored to the prevalent organisms in the institution can result in enormous savings, as the study shows significant reduction in hospital stay with no significant increase in incidence of SSI.

scholarly journals Comparative study on prophylactic antibiotic versus empirical antibiotic in prevention of surgical site infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
S Rajarajan ◽  
T.H. Sreelekshmi Devi ◽  
Neeshma Mariam Simon ◽  
K.R. Navin Shankar ◽  
V. Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Operative Therapy ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Site Infection

The main aim of the study was to comparative study of single dose prophylactic antibiotic versus empirical postoperative antibiotics in prevention of surgical site infection. The study was a prospective observational study conducted over a period of 8months. A total of 100 number of surgery cases were selected randomly, to groups of 50 each. The study group received a single dose of antibiotic preoperatively while the control group received 3 to 5 days of empirical antibiotic therapy. Data analysis and statistical analysis was done with the help of graph pad prism trial version software. Student t test was carried out for paired analysis to find P value. There was no significant association of surgical site infection, grades of infection, and other complications. The hospital stay of patients, cost to the patients, and number of antibiotics used in patients were significantly more. The single dose prophylactic antibiotics are better than empirical post operative therapy in reducing the hospital stay and hospital cost to patients. Since the complete eradication of surgical site infection is not possible, only the reduction in infection rate can be achieved to a minimal level. Keywords: Prophylactic antibiotics, surgical site infection, surgical complications, post operative antibiotics.

scholarly journals Prophylactic Antibiotics in Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is it Necessary?

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Anup Sharma ◽  
Arun Shah
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Group B

Background: Elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has a low risk for Surgical Site Infection (SSI). In spite many surgeons still use prophylactic antibiotics. The aim of this study was to find out the need of prophylactic antibiotics in elective LC. Method: This study was carried out from 2017 June to 2018 August in the Department of Surgery Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital Kohalpur (NGMC). Patients were placed into two groups. Group A received a single dose of prophylactic antibiotic and group B patients did not receive any prophylactic antibiotic. In both groups the SSI were recorded and compared. Results: Overall SSI was 5(3.33%) among 150. In group A 2 (2.66%) patients had SSI and in group B 3 (4%) had SSI. Using or not using prophylactic antibiotics did not correlate with SSI (p= .154). Conclusions: Prophylactic antibiotic is not recommended in elective LC. Prophylactic antibiotic does not reduce the rate of SSI.

scholarly journals The Use of Oral Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection on Postoperative Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Norman Hadi ◽  
Hantoro Ishardyanto
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Modified Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Significant Difference

Surgical operations on modified radical mastectomy are considered clean procedures by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) wound classification system. Despite this, higher than expected Surgical Site Infection (SSI) rates are reported, varying from 1 % to 26 % across the literature. Some surgeons also prescribe postoperative prophylaxis for postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients to prevent infection despite its lack of proven efficacy. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of oral antibiotics to prevent Surgical Site Infection (SSI) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. This study was double-blinded randomized control trial of 60 postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients (2 groups) during the period of December 2017 to March 2018. Samples were prospectively divided into two groups (random sampling), in group A (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued with oral antibiotics postoperative (Cefadroxil 2 x 500 mg) during 7 days and in group B (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued without postoperative antibiotics (placebo). Both groups were evaluated clinically for surgical site infection up to 30 days. There was no statistically significant difference in both groups {p=1 (p>0.05)}. There was no incidence of surgical site infection in both groups during the 30-day follow-up period (days 3, 7, 14 and 30). There was no difference in the surgical site infection rate among those who received oral postoperative antibiotics prophylactic and without antibiotics (placebo) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Because of the potential adverse events associated with antibiotic use, further evaluation of this practice is required.

scholarly journals Comparison of single dose versus multiple doses of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of surgical site infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Swapan Das ◽  
Rajib Kundu ◽  
Bani Prasad Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Multiple Dose ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Clean Contaminated

Background: Surgical site infection is a common problem following general surgical procedures. Despite major improvement in antibiotics, improved antiseptic measures SSI continues to present a big challenge. In this study we will compare single dose versus multiple dose antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of SSI in clean and clean contaminated surgical wound.Methods: This is an institution based prospective, comparative study, with total 60 patients as study population. Clinical finding, wound swab culture and routine haematological reports were taken as study variables. Patients receiving single dose antibiotic and multiple dose antibiotic were included in ‘Group A’ and ‘Group B’ respectively. The surgical sites were examined from post-operative days 3 to 8 for signs of infection.Results: In This study, 46.7% patients were female, and 53.3% patients were male. In Group-A, patients having post operative fever, tachycardia and leucocytosis were 16.7%, 13.3% and 20.0% respectively. 6.7% patients had purulent and 10.0% patients had seropurulent discharge from wound. In Group-B, patients having post operative fever, tachycardia, and leucocytosis were 13.3%, 16.7% and 13.3% respectively. 6.7% patients had purulent and seropurulent discharge from wound. There is no statistically significant difference between two groups regarding post operative fever, tachycardia, leucocytosis and wound discharge.Conclusions: There is no significant difference between single dose and multiple dose antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent SSI in patients for elective clean and clean contaminated surgery however single dose is more cost effective.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic repair of umbilical and paraumbilical hernias: a prospective and interventional study in government hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3283
Author(s):  
Kiren B. Patel ◽  
Mithun V. Barot
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Ventral Hernia ◽  
Laparoscopic Repair ◽  
Umbilical Hernia ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Postoperative Hospital Stay ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Drain Removal

Background: Umbilical and ventral hernia occurs as a result of weakness in musculofascial layer of anterior abdominal wall. The most important causes are congenital, acquired, incisional and traumatic. UH and VH can be repair by open surgical procedure. A successful series of laparoscopic repair of umbilical hernia and VH was done by Le blanc in 1993. The cost can be optimised by selection of mesh and optimal uses of transabdominal suture and various fixation devices. This original article reveals methods, techniques, indication, contraindication, post-op pain, operative time, surgical site infection recurrence and outcome of laparoscopic umbilical hernia and paraumbilical hernia repair.Methods: A total of 21 patients of ventral hernia (umbilical, paraumbilical and incisional), who underwent laparoscopic hernia repair from October 2014 to October 2016, were selected have taken part in study with valid consent, in B.J. Medical College Ahmedabad Gujarat. All patient study regarding operative time, postoperative pain, postoperative hospital stay, surgical site infection like wound infection, seroma, hernia defect size, mean drain removal and recurrence.Results: Out of 21 patients male are 33% and female are 67%. Mean age of patients is 45 yrs with range being 18-65 yrs. 28%, 33.33%, and 38.1% of patient had umbilical, paraumbilical and incisional hernia respectively. Mean size defect was 7.8 cm2. Mean operative time in this study is 98.6 minute. Mean drain removal is 2.80 day. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.3 days. 4.7% had wound infection, 9.5% had seroma formation. There is 0% recurrence in present study.Conclusions: The laparoscopic approach appears to be safe, effective and acceptable. It is also effective in those who are obese, with co morbidities (complex) and who have recurrence from prior open repair and having ascites.

scholarly journals Intra-incisional versus intravenous route of antibiotic administration in preventing surgical site infections: a randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1438
Author(s):  
Aditya N. Patil ◽  
Veerendra M. Uppin
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Open Appendicectomy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common postoperative complications following abdominal surgeries. Whilst the use of prophylactic antibiotics has been shown to reduce postoperative wound infection, controversy still remains as to the optimum route of administration and the duration of treatment. This study aims to compare the efficacy of a preoperative single dose of a cephalosporin antibiotic (cefotaxime) administered intraincisionally versus that administered intravenously, in preventing postoperative surgical site infections following appendicectomy.Methods: Sixty consecutive cases diagnosed as uncomplicated appendicitis who consented for open appendicectomy at a tertiary care institute were included in the study. Cases were randomized to 2 comparable groups of 30 patients each. Preoperatively, patients in Group A received a single dose of Inj. Cefotaxime 1g intraincisionally while those in Group B received the same intravenously. Incision sites were examined every alternative day starting on postoperative day 3 until removal of sutures. Signs of surgical site infection, if any, were recorded and outcomes were statistically tested for significance.Results: One patient in Group A (3.3%) and 4 patients in Group B (13.3%) showed signs of postoperative surgical site infection (p >0.05) during the follow up period which prolonged their hospital stay.Conclusions: This study showed that a single dose preoperative intraincisional administration of cefotaxime was as effective as intravenous administration for prevention of postoperative surgical site infection after open appendicectomy. Although the difference was not statistically significant, there was a reduced incidence of SSI in individuals who received intraincisional antibiotic. These results are encouraging for a way forward in reducing unnecessary burdening of systemic antibiotics in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries. 

scholarly journals The Incidence of Surgical Site Infection in Acute Non Perforated Appendicitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Suraj Raj Bhattarai ◽  
Kishor Kumar Tamrakar
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Sex

Background: Appendectomy is the most commonly performed emergency  surgical procedure and has significant morbidity of surgical site infection (SSIs). Regarding this, there are conflicting reports and dilemma on use of optimal duration of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of SSIs after three doses of perioperative prophylactic antibiot­ics (single dose before surgery and two doses postoperatively) after ap­pendectomy in acute non- perforated appendicitis (NPA). Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the department of General surgery, Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, from May 2018 to April 2019. All the cases received single dose of antibiotics (cef­triaxone and metronidazole) during the induction of anesthesia and two doses of the same antibiotics postoperatively within 24 hours. SSIs was assessed on 2nd and followed up till 7th postoperative day. The data col­lected was analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: In the study of 100 patients, who received perioperative three doses of antibiotics, the overall frequency of SSIs on 2nd and 3rd post-operative day were 2% (p=.840) and 6% (p=.539) respectively, which was statistically not significant. In follow up after 3rd postoperative day, there was no evidence of SSIs. Statistically there was no significant difference in the incidence and grade of SSIs between age group, sex and duration of operation. Conclusions: A combined three doses of perioperative antibiotics was ad­equate for SSIs prevention in patients of any age group and sex with acute NPA after appendectomy in usual operative time.

scholarly journals Perioperative Prophylactic Antibiotics in Orthopaedic Surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Bikram Prasad Shrestha ◽  
Surya Raj Niraula ◽  
Parvin Nepal ◽  
Guru Prasad Khanal ◽  
Navin Karn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Orthopaedic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: In our country, various institutes have different protocols for postoperative antibiotics. Many western literature have mentioned that administration of prophylactic antibiotics for longer than 24 hours has no advantage and may actually lead to superinfection with drug-resistant organisms. Because of environmental and theater condition most of the surgeon here are very reluctant to use prophylactic antibiotics for only 24 hours. The objective of the study was to find out the effect of duration of prophylactic antibiotics on the rate of surgical site infection in clean elective orthopaedic surgeries. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial involving 207 clean elective orthopaedic patients undergoing surgery. The patients were divided into three groups which received intravenous prophylactic antibiotics for 24 hours, 48 hours and 48 hours followed by 7 days of oral antibiotics respectively. The patients were followed up for three months postoperatively. Result: There was no significant difference in the rate of surgical site infection among the three groups. Conclusion: We conclude that there is no benefit in prolonging prophylactic antibiotics beyond 24 hours. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/noaj.v3i1.9318   Nepal Orthopedic Association Journal 2013 Vol.3(1): 5-10

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