scholarly journals Study of iron deficiency anemia in infants of 3 to 6 months age group and its risk factors: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1183
Author(s):  
Varun Ganjigunta ◽  
Varsha Suresh Ahirrao ◽  
Premalatha R. ◽  
Ravichander B.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia in 3-6 months-old infants is often neglected. Its presence in healthy infant of less than 6 months of age is largely debated. Neglecting IDA in this critical phase of growth can lead to serious consequences. The aim and objective of the study was to estimate the frequency of IDA in 3-6 months old infants, admitted in rural tertiary care hospital and to study its risk factors.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric department of rural tertiary care hospital. 100 infants in the age group 3-6 months were included in the study. Relevant maternal and infant factors were noted. CBC with blood indices, peripheral blood smear and reticulocyte count were studied. Anemia in them was defined as hemoglobin <9.5 g/dl. IDA was diagnosed based in history, examination, indices, and peripheral smear.Results: 22% of infants of 3-6 months had IDA. 40.9% of infants with IDA were low birth weight compared to 11.5% without IDA (p value<0.05). All pre-terms included in the study had IDA. 16% of term, normal birth weight, exclusively breast-fed infants had IDA. Underweight and stunting were seen in 31.8 % and 30.8% of IDA infants compared to 9% and 5.4% of infants without IDA.Conclusions: IDA was quite common in infants less than 6 months and also seen in healthy, term and exclusively breast-fed babies, so universal iron supplementation before 6 months need to be considered in National Iron plus Initiative in India. Preterm, LBW babies and babies with NICU stay are at higher risk of IDA. 

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreenivasulu T. ◽  
Jahnavi K.

Background: Dengue is the most common fever. Among all flavi-viruses, it is the most common. It can cause around 50-100 million infections. Every year 2-5 lakh cases of Dengue hemorrhagic fever occur. The objective of the research was to study clinical profile of patients with Dengue fever at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Present study was cross sectional study. The patients were interviewed and examined at one point of time and later they were never followed which is similar to the cross-sectional study design. Present study was carried out in the hospital. This was done in the department of General Medicine of a tertiary care hospital. Present study was carried out over a period of one year.Results: In the present study, there were 78 males and 22 females. The sex ratio was 3.5:1. Maximum number of males (29.5%) was in the age group of 15-25. Among females, the maximum (40.9%) were in the age group of 26-35 years and 46-55 years (9%). The most common presenting symptom was fever in all cases followed by headache in 90%. Among bleeding manifestations, epistaxis, gum bleeding and hematuria (15%) were the common symptoms. Most patients presented with generalized lymphadenopathy in 52%. 56 patients showed only hepatomegaly and 46 splenomegaly, and 30 patients showed hepato splenomegaly. 99 showed leucopenia and 10 were anemic and 25 showed platelet count less than 1,50,000cells/cumm.Conclusions: Males were commonly affected. Younger age group of 15-25 was most commonly affected and fever and headache were the most common presenting symptoms. These findings help physicians in early diagnosis of dengue by suspecting these features as of dengue and can prevent morbidity and mortality associated with dengue.


2021 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Mukesh Babu Yadav ◽  
Pramod Kumar Singh Yadav

Introduction- The global prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents has increased substantially over the past several decades. Accumulating evidence suggests that Hs-CRP, which is also found within macrophages of atheromatous plaques. However, there is no much data available that guarantee its utility as a marker of cardiovascular risk in obese children and adolescents. Hence, the present study was taken up to assess the metabolic abnormalities and its association with hsCRP in obese children and adolescents. Methodology-Present cross sectional study was conducted on 100participants attending the tertiary care hospital of District Kanpur and 5ml fasting sample had been collected after overnight fasting and data was entered in Microsoft excel and analysed in SPSS 15.0 using ANOVAand unpaired student t test.Result- among cases group there were 4 participants among the age group of 4-8yrs,10 in the age group of 9-13yrs,23 in the age group of >13yrs while in control group there were 3 participants ampong 4-8yrs of age and 28 in 9-13 yrs ,32 participants among the age of >13yrs. On applying independent sample T-test, we could not established correlation between age and Hs-CRP (p value >0.05).Conclusion- obese children and adolescents have signicantly increased hsCRP compared with a normal weight group. Early intervention and prevention of obesity in children and adolescents decreases cardiovascular disease in later life


2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Mujibul Hoque ◽  
Md Muazzem Hussain ◽  
AT Reza Ahmad ◽  
Md Shahab Uddin

Objective: This study was carried out to find out the prevalence of CHD and their type among Children attended in the inpatient and out patient department of district tertiary care hospital of Sylhet. Methodology: This prospective cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Paediatrics of 4 medical college hospitals of Sylhet over a period of 1 year from January 2012 to December 2012. All children with the confirmed diagnosis of CHD with the age ranging from 1st day of life to 12 years were analyzed considering the pattern of CHD. Results: A total of 234 cases of CHD were admitted. Maximum cases of CHD were admitted between 29 days to 1year age group and 148 (63.25%) were male and the rest 86 (36.75%) were female. The male-female ration was 1.72:1. Most of the CHD (65.38%) were acyanotic and 34.42% cases were cyanotic. The commonest CHD was found VSD (33.33%) which was followed by ASD (16.24%), TOF (11.54%), Complex CHD (11.54%) and PDA (10.68%). Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that the male children are mostly sufferer from CHD and acyanotic heart disease was commonest type of CHD. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v38i1.20022 Bangladesh J Child Health 2014; VOL 38 (1) : 15-18


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 850-859
Author(s):  
Rashmi Prakash ◽  
◽  
Pranjali Bansal ◽  
Nimmi A. Jose ◽  
Sanjana Agarwal ◽  
...  

Context: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel Corona virus has impacted more than 200 countries. COVID-19 patients are frequently isolated and quarantined due to high infectivity thus adding to further mental stress, uncertainty, anger, confusion, stress and insecurity. It has given rise to various psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, fear of isolation, fear of dying, feeling of helplessness, insomnia and many more. The aim of this study is to investigate stress, anxiety, and depression in COVID-19 positive patients during the Corona pandemic in India. Aims: To study the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in patients admitted for COVID-19 in a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi. Settings and Design: This cross sectional study was conducted on 82 COVID-19 patients admitted in covid ward of Hamdard institute of medical sciences, Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hospital (HAHC)Hospital, New Delhi. Subjects and Methods: The data was collected on socio demographic parameters and assessment was done using the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) questionnaire in COVID-19 admitted patients in the hospital. Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS 16 version for Microsoft Windows. Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.21 ± 12.23 years. 59.8% patients (N=49) were men and 40.2% (N=33) were women. Depression was more 40 to 60 years age group (12%). (P=0.333). Anxiety and stress was more in age group of 60 years and above. (14%) (P=0.313) and (14%) (P=0.011) respectively. Depression was more in females patients.(P=0.039) while anxiety and stress was also found in male patients. (P=0.014) and (P=0.148) respectively Anxiety and stress was more common in patients with less oxygen saturation while depression was more in patients with more higher oxygen saturation levels. Conclusions: COVID-19 patients score higher on comorbid anxiety and depression. Mild to Moderate level of depression is commonly seen among female, married, less educated, middle age and above group and low oxygen saturation. Anxiety is more amongst male, married, less educated and elderly group and stress is more common in male, widow, tobacco smokers and patients with less oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients.


Author(s):  
Vinod Joseph ◽  
Danny Jose Titus ◽  
Aby Dany Varghese ◽  
Jijo Joseph John ◽  
Girija Mohan ◽  
...  

Background: For abdominal pain in children, imaging is routinely applied to make a possible diagnosis both in the outpatient and in the emergency department. Though the diagnosis of mesenteric lymphadenitis is made often these days, the significance of the size and number is still ambiguous and most studies consider mesenteric lymphadenitis is defined as three or more lymph nodes that are each 5 mm or greater in the short axis.Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in central Kerala and the study tool included a detailed structured questionnaire.Results: Our study included 115 children with pain in the abdomen. 69 were found to have mesenteric lymphadenitis. Younger age group, fever as a symptom and acute infective gastroenteritis are statistically significantly associated with mesenteric lymphadenitis.Conclusions: In our study, acute infective gastroenteritis was the most common cause to be associated with mesenteric lymphadenitis which was. The incidence of mesenteric lymphadenitis was found to be more in children below 5 years.


Vacunas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. AlGoraini ◽  
N.N. AlDujayn ◽  
M.A. AlRasheed ◽  
Y.E. Bashawri ◽  
S.S. Alsubaie ◽  
...  

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