Protection offered by COVID-19 vaccine against morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 infection: a postvaccination cohort study

Background: Many vaccines have been developed, approved and administered against the COVID-19. Phase 2 and 3 trials have proved the safety and tolerability of these. This study was conducted to assess effect of the vaccines on morbidity and mortality due to postvaccination new COVID-19 infection.Methods: This was an observational, retrospective cohort study. The patients admitted with COVID-19 from 1st April 2021 till 30th April 2021 who were willing to participate were included. All the patients were telephonically contacted post discharge and enquired regarding history of vaccination, events during hospitalization and outcome. The data so collected was analysed to compare the morbidity (oxygen requirement, need of ICU admission and need of BiPAP or invasive ventilation) and mortality between vaccinated and nonvaccinated COVID-19 patients and relation of time elapsed post vaccination with morbidity and mortality.Results: Total 431 patients were included. There was significant difference between the two groups in terms of need for ICU admission (OR 0.503; CI 0.30-0.82, p=0.008) as well as requirement of BiPAP or invasive ventilation (OR 0.57; CI 0.33-0.98, p=0.05). Mortality was significantly less in the vaccinated group; OR 0.48 (0.24-0.95), p=0.04). Ten patients had received both doses. Only one required ICU while none of them required invasive ventilation and none expired.Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccine gives significant protection against COVID-19 infection related ICU admission, need of mechanical ventilation and mortality even after single dose. Two doses of vaccine may afford better protection against the disease.

Download Full-text

Acute kidney injury and major outcomes in cancer patients with no history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18816 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e18816-e18816

Author(s):

Cesar Simbaqueba ◽

Omar Mamlouk ◽

Kodwo Dickson ◽

Josiah Halm ◽

Sreedhar Mandayam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Hazard Model ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Icu Admission ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of

e18816 Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19 infection is associated with poor clinical outcomes. We examined outcomes (hemodialysis, mechanical ventilation, ICU admission and death) in cancer patients with normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) treated in a tertiary referral center with COVID-19 infection, who developed AKI within 30 days of diagnosis. Methods: All patient data — demographics, labs, comorbidities and outcomes — were aggregated and analyzed in the Syntropy platform, Palantir Foundry (“Foundry”), as part of the Data-Driven Determinants of COVID-19 Oncology Discovery Effort (D3CODE) protocol at MD Anderson. The cohort was defined by the following: (1) positive COVID-19 test; (2) baseline eGFR >60 ml/min/1.73m2most temporally proximal lab results within 30 days prior to the patient’s infection. AKI was defined by an absolute change of creatinine ≥0.3 within 30 days after the positive COVID-19 test. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for survival estimates at specific time periods and multivariate Cox Proportional cause-specific Hazard model regression to determine hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for major outcomes. Results: 635 patients with Covid-19 infection had a baseline eGFR >60 ml/min/1.73m2. Of these patients, 124 (19.5%) developed AKI. Patients with AKI were older, mean age of 61+/-13.2 vs 56.9+/- 14.3 years (p=0.002) and more Hypertensive (69.4% vs 56.4%, p=0.011). AKI patients were more likely to have pneumonia (63.7% vs 37%, p<0.001), cardiac arrhythmias (39.5% vs 20.7%, p<0.001) and myocardial infarction (15.3% vs 8.8%, p=0.046). These patients had more hematologic malignancies (35.1% vs 19%, p=0.005), with no difference between non metastatic vs metastatic disease (p=0.284). There was no significant difference in other comorbidities including smoking, diabetes, hypothyroidism and liver disease. AKI patients were more likely to require dialysis (2.4% vs 0.2%, p=0.025), mechanical ventilation (16.1% vs 1.8%, p<0.001), ICU admission (43.5% vs 11.5%, p<0.001) within 30 days, and had a higher mortality at 90 days of admission (20.2% vs 3.7%, p<0.001). Multivariate Cox Proportional cause-specific Hazard model regression analysis identified history of Diabetes Mellitus (HR 10.8, CI 2.42 - 48.4, p=0.001) as an independent risk factor associated with worse outcomes. Mortality was higher in patients with COVID-19 infection that developed AKI compared with those who did not developed AKI (survival estimate 150 days vs 240 days, p=0.0076). Conclusions: In cancer patients treated at a tertiary cancer center with COVID-19 infection and no history of CKD, the presence of AKI is associated with worse outcomes including higher 90 day mortality, ICU stay and mechanical ventilation. Older age and hypertension are major risk factors, where being diabetic was associated with worse clinical outcomes.

Download Full-text

Management outcomes of ectopic pregnancy depending on different treatment modalities: a cohort study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20210531 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 842

Author(s):

Shawqi H. Alawdi ◽

Mayada Roumieh ◽

Marwan Alhalabi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Single Dose ◽

Ectopic Pregnancy ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Expectant Management ◽

Pelvic Surgery ◽

Dose Methotrexate ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is the most common cause of maternal morbidity and mortality during the first trimester of pregnancy. The present study aimed to review and evaluate the management outcomes of ectopic pregnancy in Damascus University Maternity Hospital, Syria.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on women referring to Damascus University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN) for ectopic pregnancy. Patients were assigned into groups by method of treatment: expectant management (Group 1), single-dose methotrexate regimen (Group 2), two-dose methotrexate regimen (Group 3), and surgical intervention (Group 4). Parameters assessed were risk factors for ectopic pregnancies, transvaginal ultrasonography findings, serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels on Days 0, 4, 7, and types of surgical intervention in women that underwent any surgical intervention. A treatment modality was considered successful when hCG levels declined to less than 5 mIU/L without further administration of methotrexate dose or need for surgery.Results: Seventy-seven women with ectopic pregnancy were admitted to the hospital during the study period. Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 constituted 20.8%, 13.0%, 6.5% and 59.7% of the patients respectively. The most common encountered risk factors for ectopic pregnancy in the patients were history of previous intra-abdominal or pelvic surgery (57.1%) and history of miscarriage (41.6%). A statistically significant difference in the serum hCG concentrations measured on day 0, day 4, and day 7 were observed between the groups.Conclusions: The success rate in ectopic pregnancy treatment was 56.25% for the expectant management, 70% for the single-dose methotrexate regimen, and 40% for two-dose methotrexate regimen.

Download Full-text

Combined anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy is associated with an improved outcome in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a propensity matched cohort study

Open Heart ◽

10.1136/openhrt-2021-001785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. e001785

Author(s):

Kamal Matli ◽

Nibal Chamoun ◽

Aya Fares ◽

Victor Zibara ◽

Soad Al-Osta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Icu Admission ◽

Therapeutic Anticoagulation ◽

Hospitalised Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Prophylactic Anticoagulation ◽

Improved Outcome

BackgroundCOVID-19 is a respiratory disease that results in a prothrombotic state manifesting as thrombotic, microthrombotic and thromboembolic events. As a result, several antithrombotic modalities have been implicated in the treatment of this disease. This study aimed to identify if therapeutic anticoagulation (TAC) or concurrent use of antiplatelet and anticoagulants was associated with an improved outcome in this patient population.MethodsA retrospective observational cohort study of adult patients admitted to a single university hospital for COVID-19 infection was performed. The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission or the need for mechanical ventilation. The secondary outcomes were each of the components of the primary outcome, in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, or the need for mechanical ventilation.Results242 patients were included in the study and divided into four subgroups: Therapeutic anticoagulation (TAC), prophylactic anticoagulation+antiplatelet (PACAP), TAC+antiplatelet (TACAP) and prophylactic anticoagulation (PAC) which was the reference for comparison. Multivariable Cox regression analysis and propensity matching were done and showed when compared with PAC, TACAP and TAC were associated with less in-hospital all-cause mortality with an adjusted HR (aHR) of 0.113 (95% CI 0.028 to 0.449) and 0.126 (95% CI 0.028 to 0.528), respectively. The number needed to treat in both subgroups was 11. Furthermore, PACAP was associated with a reduced risk of invasive mechanical ventilation with an aHR of 0.07 (95% CI 0.014 to 0.351). However, the was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of major or minor bleeds, ICU admission or the composite outcome of in-hospital mortality, ICU admission or the need for mechanical ventilation.ConclusionThe use of combined anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents or TAC alone in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 was associated with a better outcome in comparison to PAC alone without an increase in the risk of major and minor bleeds. Sufficiently powered randomised controlled trials are needed to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of combining antiplatelet and anticoagulants agents or using TAC in the management of patients with COVID-19 infection.

Download Full-text

Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration (CVVH) Improves Iron Metabolism Disorders in Patients with Sepsis：A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-122150/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Meng-Meng An ◽

Chenxi Liu ◽

Yi Jiang ◽

Bei-Bei Jin ◽

Da Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Iron Metabolism ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Soluble Transferrin Receptor ◽

Single Center ◽

Icu Admission ◽

Metabolism Disorder ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Iron metabolism disorder is commonly seen in patients with sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate whether continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) improved the iron metabolism disorders in sepsis. Methods: In a single-center, retrospective cohort study, totally 89 sepsis patients were prospectively enrolled and divided into the CVVH group (n=39) and the control group (n=50). Clinical and laboratory data were collected and compared between the groups on days 1, 3 and 7 of ICU admission. Plasma interleukin (IL)-6, hepcidin, erythropoietin (EPO), ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sequential organ failure scores (SOFA) on days 1 and 7, and 28-day survival between groups were compared. Results: Plasma IL-6, hepcidin, ferritin and RDW on days 3 and 7 were significantly reduced in the CVVH group compared with those in the control group (all P<0.05). The CVVH group had a significantly lower SOFA score on day 7 compared with the control group (P<0.05). Hemoglobin and EPO were gradually decreased within the first week of ICU admission in both groups although no significant differences between the groups were observed. There was no significant difference in sTfR between the two groups along with the time (all P > 0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences in 28-day survival rate and median survival time between the two groups. Conclusions: CVVH improves iron metabolism disorders and the disease severity in sepsis. However, it does not alleviate anemia and fails to improve the survival.

Download Full-text

Impact of stress-induced hyperglycemia on the outcome of children with trauma: A cross-sectional analysis based on propensity score-matched population

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-52928-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yi-Wen Tsai ◽

Shao-Chun Wu ◽

Chun-Ying Huang ◽

Shiun-Yuan Hsu ◽

Hang-Tsung Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Injury Severity ◽

Pediatric Trauma ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Icu Admission ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Sectional Analysis

Abstract This was a retrospective study of pediatric trauma patients and were hospitalized in a level-1 trauma center from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2016. Stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH) was defined as a hyperglycemia level ≥200 mg/dL upon arrival at the emergency department without any history of diabetes or a hemoglobin A1c level ≥6.5% upon arrival or during the first month of admission. The results demonstrated that the patients with SIH (n = 36) had a significantly longer length of stay (LOS) in hospital (16.4 vs. 7.8 days, p = 0.002), higher rates of intensive care unit (ICU) admission (55.6% vs. 20.9%, p < 0.001), and higher in-hospital mortality rates (5.6% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.028) compared with those with non-diabetic normoglycemia (NDN). However, in the 24-pair well-balanced propensity score-matched patient populations, in which significant difference in sex, age, and injury severity score were eliminated, patient outcomes in terms of LOS in hospital, rate of ICU admission, and in-hospital mortality rate were not significantly different between the patients with SIH and NDN. The different baseline characteristics of the patients, particularly injury severity, may be associated with poorer outcomes in pediatric trauma patients with SIH compared with those with NDN. This study also indicated that, upon major trauma, the response of pediatric patients with SIH is different from that of adult patients.

Download Full-text

Abstract 14588: Post-discharge Readmission and Survival After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Among Patients With a History of Recent Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Insights From the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.14588 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Chelsea Meloche ◽

Milan Seth ◽

Ryan D MADDER ◽

Jacob Kurlander ◽

Jessica Yaser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽

Recent History ◽

Bleeding Complications ◽

Post Discharge ◽

Clinical Registry ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Long Term Mortality

Introduction: Given the use of potent antithrombotic agents during and after PCI, patients (pts) are at an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). Hypothesis: We hypothesize that pts with a history of recent GIB have a higher risk of post-discharge readmission and mortality compared with those without a history of GIB. Methods: We linked clinical registry data from PCIs performed between 1/1/2013 and 3/31/2018 at 48 Michigan hospitals to Medicare claims. A recent history of GIB prior to PCI was defined in the clinical PCI registry as any occurrence of melena or hematemesis in the last 30 days or any history of GIB including peptic ulcer disease that may influence clinical management during this hospitalization. Primary outcomes of interest were 90-day readmission after PCI and long-term mortality. We used 1:5 propensity-matching to adjust for differences in characteristics between pts with and without a history of recent GIB. Log-rank testing was used to evaluate survival at 1 and 5 years. Fisher's exact testing was used to compare the rates of 90-day readmission after PCI. Results: Of 30,206 pts, 1.1% had a history of GIB. Pts with a history of GIB were more likely to be older, female, black, and have more cardiovascular comorbidities. After matching 1896 pts, those with a history of GIB (n=316) appeared to have decreased survival early after PCI (Fig); however, the differences in survival were not statistically significant at 1 yr (76.%3 vs. 80.1%; p=0.11) or 5 yrs (52.5% vs. 52.2%; p=0.50) (Fig). There was no significant difference in readmission rates among those with and without a history of GIB (33.5% vs. 30.2%; p=0.26). Conclusions: Pts with and without a history of recent GIB had similar risks of readmission and long-term mortality after PCI. Although a history of GIB has previously been shown to be associated with increased post-PCI bleeding complications, a recent history of GIB was not associated with long-term post-PCI outcomes.

Download Full-text

Comparison of long-term efficacy and safety between cilostazol and clopidogrel in chronic ischemic stroke: a nationwide cohort study

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease ◽

10.1177/2040622320936418 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 204062232093641

Author(s):

Tsong-Hai Lee ◽

Yu-Sheng Lin ◽

Chia-Wei Liou ◽

Jiann-Der Lee ◽

Tsung-I Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽

Major Bleeding ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Index Hospitalization ◽

Similar Frequency ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Index Stroke ◽

History Of

Background: Previous clinical trials showed a significant difference in efficacy and safety among antiplatelets in acute ischemic stroke (IS). The present study wished to compare the efficacy and safety head-to-head between cilostazol and clopidogrel in chronic IS. Methods: This open prospective cohort study recruited chronic IS patients with an index hospitalization between 2001 and 2013 from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. In the 504,191 hospitalized patients, patients who had missing information and history of atrial fibrillation or rheumatic heart disease, received mechanical valve replacement or anticoagulants, expired during the index hospitalization, received follow-up ⩽6 months, or had recurrent stroke within 6 months after index stroke were excluded. Results: Among the 15,968 eligible patients, 502 patients who consistently received either cilostazol or clopidogrel from the 7th month after the index stroke were included for analysis after propensity score matching. The 3-year primary outcomes showed similar frequency of recurrent IS, all-cause mortality, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and similar frequency of intracerebral hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding, and major bleeding between the cilostazol and clopidogrel groups. Subgroup analysis revealed that patients with a history of hypertension or gastrointestinal bleeding had a trend of having lower frequency of recurrent IS or major bleeding, respectively, in the cilostazol group. Conclusion: The present real-world study demonstrated no significant difference in efficacy and safety between cilostazol and clopidogrel in chronic IS. However, cilostazol might be better than clopidogrel in patients with a history of hypertension or gastrointestinal bleeding.

Download Full-text

Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration (CVVH) Improves Iron Metabolism Disorders in Patients With Sepsis : A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-122150/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Meng-Meng An ◽

Yi Jiang ◽

Bei-Bei Jin ◽

Da Cao ◽

Ping Gong

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Iron Metabolism ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Soluble Transferrin Receptor ◽

Single Center ◽

Icu Admission ◽

Metabolism Disorder ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Iron metabolism disorder is commonly seen in patients with sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate whether continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) improved the iron metabolism disorders in sepsis. Methods: In a single-center, retrospective cohort study, totally 89 sepsis patients were prospectively enrolled and divided into the CVVH group (n=39) and the control group (n=50). Clinical and laboratory data were collected and compared between the groups on days 1, 3 and 7 of ICU admission. Plasma interleukin (IL)-6, hepcidin, erythropoietin (EPO), ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sequential organ failure scores (SOFA) on days 1 and 7, and 28-day survival between groups were compared.Results: Plasma IL-6, hepcidin, ferritin and RDW on days 3 and 7 were significantly reduced in the CVVH group compared with those in the control group (all P<0.05). The CVVH group had a significantly lower SOFA score on day 7 compared with the control group (P<0.05). Hemoglobin and EPO were gradually decreased within the first week of ICU admission in both groups although no significant differences between the groups were observed. There was no significant difference in sTfR between the two groups along with the time (all P > 0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences in 28-day survival rate and median survival time between the two groups. Conclusion: CVVH improves iron metabolism disorders and the disease severity in sepsis. However, it does not alleviate anemia and fails to improve the survival.

Download Full-text

Determinants of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19; a prospective cohort study from Pakistan

10.1101/2020.12.28.20248920 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Samreen Sarfaraz ◽

Quratulain Shaikh ◽

Syed Ghazanfar Saleem ◽

Anum Rahim ◽

Fivzia Farooq Herekar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

List Type ◽

Invasive Ventilation ◽

Icu Admission

SummaryA prospective cohort study was conducted at the Indus Hospital Karachi, Pakistan between March and June 2020 to describe the determinants of mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. 186 adult patients were enrolled and all-cause mortality was found to be 36% (67/186). Those who died were older and more likely to be males (p<0.05). Temperature and respiratory rate were higher among non-survivors while Oxygen saturation was lower (p<0.05). Serum CRP, D-dimer and IL-6 were higher while SpO2 was lower on admission among non-survivors (p<0.05). Non-survivors had higher SOFA and CURB-65 scores while thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and severe ARDS was more prevalent among them (p<0.05). Use of non-invasive ventilation in emergency room, ICU admission and invasive ventilation were associated with mortality in our cohort (p<0.05). Length of hospital stay and days of intubation were longer in non-survivors (p<0.05). Use of azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine, steroids, tocilizumab, antibiotics, IVIG or anticoagulation showed no mortality benefit (p>0.05). Multivariable logistic regression showed that age > 60 years, oxygen saturation <93% on admission, pro-calcitonin > 2 ng/ml, unit rise in temperature and SOFA score, ICU admission and sepsis during hospital stay were associated with higher odds of mortality. Larger prospective studies are needed to further strengthen these findings.Key FindingsAge greater than 60 years is associated with in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patientsOxygen saturation less than 93% and ICU admission are associated with higher odds of mortalityInflammatory markers including CRP, Ferritin and IL-6 were significantly higher among non-survivorsSerum pro-calcitonin greater than 2 ng/ml and sepsis during hospital stay are associated with higher odds of mortality among COVID-19 patients

Download Full-text

Moderately and Late Preterm Infants: Short- and Long-Term Outcomes From a Registry-Based Cohort

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.628066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Nikoletta Smyrni ◽

Maria Koutsaki ◽

Marianna Petra ◽

Eirini Nikaina ◽

Maria Gontika ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Ventilator Support ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Icu Admission ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Moderately Preterm

Background: While most studies on the association of preterm birth and cerebral palsy (CP) have focused on very preterm infants, lately, attention has been paid to moderately preterm [32 to <34 weeks gestational age (GA)] and late preterm infants (34 to <37 weeks GA).Methods: In order to report on the outcomes of a cohort of moderately and late preterm infants, derived from a population-based CP Registry, a comparative analysis of data on 95 moderately preterm infants and 96 late preterm infants out of 1,016 with CP, was performed.Results: Moderately preterm neonates with CP were more likely to have a history of N-ICU admission (p = 0.001) and require respiratory support (p < 0.001) than late preterm neonates. Birth weight was significantly related to early neonatal outcome with children with lower birth weight being more likely to have a history of N-ICU admission [moderately preterm infants (p = 0.006)/late preterm infants (p < 0.001)], to require ventilator support [moderately preterm infants (p = 0.025)/late preterm infants (p = 0.014)] and not to have neonatal seizures [moderately preterm infants (p = 0.044)/late preterm infants (p = 0.263)]. In both subgroups, the majority of children had bilateral spastic CP with moderately preterm infants being more likely to have bilateral spastic CP and less likely to have ataxic CP as compared to late preterm infants (p = 0.006). The prevailing imaging findings were white matter lesions in both subgroups, with statistically significant difference between moderately preterm infants who required ventilator support and mainly presented with this type of lesion vs. those who did not and presented with gray matter lesions, maldevelopments or miscellaneous findings. Gross motor function was also assessed in both subgroups without significant difference. Among late preterm infants, those who needed N-ICU admission and ventilator support as neonates achieved worse fine motor outcomes than those who did not.Conclusions: Low birth weight is associated with early neonatal problems in both moderately and late preterm infants with CP. The majority of children had bilateral spastic CP and white matter lesions in neuroimaging. GMFCS levels were comparable in both subgroups while BFMF was worse in late preterm infants with a history of N-ICU admission and ventilator support.

Download Full-text