scholarly journals Prevalence and pattern of tobacco consumption in urban community: a cross-sectional study in adults of Central India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3976
Author(s):  
Priyal H. Tolani ◽  
Sarita K. Wadhva
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Central India ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tobacco Epidemic

Background: The emergence of tobacco related diseases is a burgeoning public health problem. Every year, more than 8 million people die from tobacco use worldwide. It is one of the major causes of death and disease in India and accounts for nearly 1.35 million deaths every year. India is also the second largest consumer and producer of tobacco. There is an urgent need to curb tobacco use and reduce the associated morbidities and mortalities. The present study was the first step in the process of generating strategies to control the use of tobacco by estimating the prevalence and pattern of tobacco use in an urban community.Methods: Study was conducted in the field practice area of an urban health training center of a tertiary care hospital. House to house survey was done. Houses were selected by systemic random sampling. All the people above 15 years of age were included in the study, with total subjects interviewed being 590.Results: 371 (62.88%) study subjects were males and 219 (37.19%) were females. The prevalence of tobacco consumption was found to be 34.06%, 28.81% used smokeless form of tobacco and 3.39% were smokers. About 1.86% consumed both forms of tobacco.Conclusions: Prevalence of tobacco consumption particularly of smokeless form was quite high. Identification of high-risk group and their pattern of tobacco consumption is crucial in developing innovative and effective strategies to curb the tobacco epidemic in India.

scholarly journals Resurgence of leprosy in post elimination era

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Swapna Subhash Khatu ◽  
Nachiket Madhukarrao Palaskar ◽  
Garima Laxminarayan Balpande ◽  
Nitin Dinkar Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leprosy Case ◽  
Leprosy Patients

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Leprosy is a slowly progressive mildly infectious disease caused by <em>Mycobacterium leprae</em> primarily affecting skin and peripheral nerves. After introduction of multidrug therapy in the country recorded leprosy case load has come down. In December 2005, India announced elimination of leprosy as public health problem at national level under the NLEP but new cases are still being registered.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a hospital based cross sectional study conducted on over 109 leprosy patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Narhe, Pune during the period from 1<sup>st</sup> January 2018 to 31<sup>st </sup>December 2018. The statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows version (16.0) was used to analyze the data (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Statistical significance was declared at p&lt;0.05 or mentioned otherwise.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 109 patients, 57 were new and 52 were old. Maximum patients belong to age group 40-49 years, 25 patients had type 1 reaction and 18 had type 2 reaction. Out of which 83 were on treatment and 12 are defaulter, 9 were in relapse, 6 patients released from treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In post elimination era of leprosy still new cases have been registered and hence the burden and morbidity of the disease is still high in the community. It strongly suggests that by early detection, increasing the duration of treatment and by increasing the community awareness, utilizing information, education and communication at all levels, we can hope to reduce the burden of disease in the community and to achieve the dream of leprosy free India.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals Acute Poisoning among Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (227) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Thapa ◽  
Bishwa Raj Dawadi ◽  
Anup Raj Upreti
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Acute poisoning is a major global public health problem contributing to one of theleading causes for a visit to an emergency department. This study aims to analyse the demographicand psychosocial characteristics of patients with acute poisoning presented to the emergencydepartment. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital fromJune to December 2019 after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional review board (referencenumber. 041-075/0760). A convenient sampling method was applied. Epidemiological factors, typesof poison consumed, reason, motive, and place to take poison, time elapse in the presentation to thehospital were studied. Statistical analysis was done using statistical package for the social sciencesversion 20. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency andproportion for binary data. Results: Out of 76 cases of acute poisoning, the organophosphorus poisoning was 18 (23.7%) followedby unknown 12 (15.8). Of total, 28 (36.8%) had quarrel before taking poison and 41 (53.9 %) hadintention to commit suicide. Sixty-seven (88.2%) took a poison at home. The average elapsed time tothe visit of the emergency department was 110±80 minutes.   Conclusions: The most common poisoning was organophosphorus with a suicide being the mostcommon intention. Quarrel was the most frequent reason to take poison and the home was the mostcommon place to take poison.

scholarly journals Composite index of anthropometric failure among under 5 children attending the Immunoprophylaxis clinic in a tertiary care hospital in Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Abhijit Kherde ◽  
Chaitanya R. Patil ◽  
Jyotsna Deshmukh ◽  
Prithvi B. Petkar
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Under nutrition is a global public health problem. There are numerous methods of assessment of malnutrition among which CIAF is the most recent, relatively robust since it envisages all the parameters for estimation of nutritional status of the children. So, this study was conducted to find the rates of composite index of anthropometric failure in the children attending the Immunoprophylaxis clinic in a tertiary care hospital of Nagpur and to find associations with the socio demographic variables.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Immunoprophylaxis clinic of a tertiary care institute in Nagpur from September 2016 to January 2017. The study subjects were the children attending the OPD of Immunoprophylaxis clinic of a tertiary care hospital. Necessary permissions were taken before the start of the study. Data was collected using pretested and pre-designed questionnaire. Height and weight were measured using standard guidelines and categorized into groups of CIAF as described by Nandy et al.Results: A total of 460 study subjects were enrolled in the study. The mean age group of the study subjects was 2.47±1.56 years. According to the grades of CIAF, 48.51% were having no failure. Age and gender were factors which were associated with failure status by CIAF.Conclusions: We found high rates of anthropometric failure in our study. The age groups less than 3 years had higher odds of being in failure when compared to more than 3 years age. Further, males had higher odds of being into failure when compared to females. Community based studies are recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence Of Musculoskeletal Disorders In Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sanjaitha Jayaprakash ◽  
Deepak B. Anap
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Regions

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health problem. Dialysis is the mainstream method of treatment in these patients. This causes the patients to have a monotonous and restricted daily life, joint pain, limiting their activities after treatment onset. Hence this study was carried out to find the prevalence of common musculoskeletal disorders in patients undergoing haemodialysis in a tertiary care hospital. Method: 50 participants undergoing dialysis in a tertiary care hospital under the age group of 18-70 years diagnosed with stage V CKD were included using convenient sampling. They were assessed using Nordic Questionnaire to locate the different areas of pain. Result: The first group consisted of 41 participants who underwent dialysis from 2- 41 months. Body regions commonly affected in the last 7 days were low back 25(60.97%); neck 21(51.21%); shoulder 15(36.58%); elbow 14(34.14%) in the extremity with arteriovenous fistula; upper back 14(34.14%); hips/thighs, knees 9(21.95); wrist/hands 7(17.07%) in the extremity with arteriovenous fistula; ankle/feet 6(14.63%). The second group consisted of 9 participants who underwent dialysis from 42-84 months. Body regions commonly affected in the last 7 days were low back 8(88.88%); upper back 7(77.77%); hip/thigh 6(66.66%); neck, knee 5(55.55%); elbow 4(44.44%) in the extremity with arteriovenous fistula; shoulder, ankle/feet, wrist/hands 3(33.33%). Conclusion: The study concluded that the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the participants undergoing haemodialysis was low back pain (66%) followed by neck (52%), upper back (42%), shoulder (36%), elbow (36%), hips/thighs (30%), knees (28%), wrist/hands (20%) and ankle/feet pain (18%).

scholarly journals Sexually Transmitted Infections in A Tertiary Hospital of Kathmandu: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Sushil Paudel ◽  
Niraj Parajuli ◽  
Sudip Dahal ◽  
Sudarshan Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are the diseases that are transmitted by sexual contact if a partner is infected with agent known to cause infection of genitalia. This group of diseases pose a huge public health problem. This study aims to provide an insight on the prevalence of STIs in a tertiary care center dedicated to civil servants. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. All patients diagnosed with STI in a dermatology out-patient of Civil Service Hospital, a tertiary care hospital situated in Kathmandu over a period of two years from January 1 2018 to December 30 2019 were included in the study. The diagnosis was made by clinical and laboratory investigations. Results: The total number 157 cases of STIs were enrolled in this study, of which 119 (75.8%) were males and 38(24.2%) were females. The mean age of patients was 27.8±8.8 years, ranging from 15 to 60 years. Seventy three (46.5%) patients were married, while 81 (51.6%) patients were unmarried. Unmarried males were significantly more vulnerable to acquire STIs (p=0.005). Males were having significantly more premarital or extramarital sexual exposures as compared to females (p<0.001). The most common presentation was condyloma acuminata in 84(53.5%) patients. Consistent use of condom was reported only in 3 (2.5%) males and 1 (2.6%) females in this study. No association was noted between the education level attained to the practice of safe sexual methods (p=0.535). Conclusion: The proportion of males was higher than females in our study which might be due to the reluctances of female to see doctor for sexual problems. The level of education did not seem to make people aware of practicing safe sex. Sexual education seems must in all level of education.

scholarly journals A clinicopathological study of rhinosporidiosis in a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 981
Author(s):  
Mudassar A. Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infective disorder that is caused by <em>Rhinosporidium seeberi</em>. It usually presents as a soft polypoidal, pedunculated or sessile mass arising from the nasal mucosa. Common sites of occurrence of rhinosporidiosis are nasal cavity and nasopharynx, it can also be found in conjunctiva, larynx and maxillary sinuses.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department of ENT, at Vinayaka Mission’s Medical College and Hospital for a period of 1 year 7 months from October 2011 to April 2013. During the study period, all cases that were diagnosed as rhinosporidiosis by histopathology were included in the study group. The aim of this study is to determine the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features and evaluation of blood group in patients with rhinosporidiosis in a study group.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of patients in our study were young male adults from low socio-economic strata and from rural area. The common sites involved were the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. It showed an association with blood group O type.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Rhinosporidiosis is an infective disease which is seen in individuals using surface water sources for daily needs. It requires careful clinical evaluation and diagnosis. Patients in high risk group with suspicion should undergo surgical excision with electrocautery. Careful follow up is essential for early diagnosis of recurrence.</p>

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Gingivitis among Patients Attending in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Mst Mostary Zannath ◽  
Md Monoarul Haque ◽  
Masuma Akther
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting

Background: Gingivitis is one of the common diseases in Bangladesh and a public health problem also. Broadly factors of two categories are responsible for the occurrence of gingivitis: anatomical and behavioral. Few physiological factors also have influence. In Bangladesh we have no national health survey on periodontal condition. Objective: The aim of this study was to find out the factors affecting gingivitis among patients of 15 to 40 years of age attending in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka city.Materials and method: This was a cross sectional study and purposive sampling method was used. Total 200 samples were taken who fulfilled the inclusion criteria by pretested structured questionnaire in outpatient department (OPD) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Results: The mean(±SD) age of respondents was 27±5 years. Dietary factors responsible for gingivitis were sweets (80%), followed by fast food (14%). Regarding behavioral factors, smoking (48%), tobacco using (8%) and betel nuts chewing (28%) influenced gingivitis. Most of the respondents (89%) were suffering from gingivitis for at least one year and gum bleeding was documented in 99% of respondents. Conclusion: Dietary and behavioral patterns were found to be responsible for gingivitis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v3i1.22233 Delta Med Col J. Jan 2015; 3(1): 09-12

scholarly journals Clinico-demographic profile of deceased patients with coronavirus disease in a tertiary care centre of central India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2474
Author(s):  
Rupali A. Patle ◽  
Ashok R. Jadhao ◽  
Priya B. Dhengre ◽  
Manjusha A. Dhoble
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Difference

Background: The covid pandemic started from Hubei, Wuhan in December 2020 then covered many other countries including India. Understanding the demographic and clinical characteristics of deceased COVID-19 patients could inform public health interventions focusing on preventing mortality due to COVID-19. The present study was done with the objective of studying the socio-demographic and clinical profile of deceased patients with coronavirus disease.Methods: This is a hospital based cross-sectional study on 1190 deceased patients of coronavirus disease in a tertiary care hospital of central India which is a dedicated covid hospital from 11 March 2020 to 28 February 2021. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of deceased patients were recorded.Results: Overall case fatality rate was 13.24%. Maximum number of deaths occurred in the month of August 2020 and September 2020 were 372 (31.26%) and 477 (40.08%). It was higher in the males 791 (66.47%) as compared to females 399 (33.53%), but the difference was not significant. The most common symptom was fever on hospitalization 924 (77.65%), followed by generalized weakness 771 (64.79%). 352 (29.58%) patients died within 24 hours of the admission to hospital. Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus were the most prevalent morbidity in 557 (46.80%) and 357 (30.00%). It was found that 232 (19.50%) deceased patients had oxygen saturation less than 50% on admission.Conclusions: Higher age and presence of co-morbidities at the time of admission were significantly associated with mortality.

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