scholarly journals Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco Consumption among women of Rural Telangana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murali Lingala ◽  
Sneha Simon ◽  
Bhagath . ◽  
Kavitha .
Keyword(s):  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Tobacco kills approximately 1 million people annually in India and is responsible for almost half of all cancers in men and quarter of all cancers in women. Smokeless tobacco (SLT) is one such form that is culturally and socially acceptable by women especially in rural India. The study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption among women, prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke and to determine the factors associated with it.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done among 190 women in the rural field practice area of department of community medicine of Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal during the period of October 2019 to December 2019. Data was collected using simple random sampling. A semi structured questionnaire was prepared with the help of global adult tobacco survey proforma. The data was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 20.00.Results: Prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption was 57% and the most common form of tobacco being consumed was tobacco with pan (40.3%). The prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke at home was 61%. The most common reason for initiation was peer pressure. High prevalence of consumption of smokeless tobacco was seen in unemployed and illiterate women.Conclusions: The prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption is higher among women in this study and this indicates the lack of awareness and the need for better strategies to reduce the burden.

scholarly journals Study of tobacco and alcohol consumption among students of a medical college in a city of Maharashtra

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2922
Author(s):  
Arvind V. Gaikwad ◽  
Rashmi Priya ◽  
Vishal S. Dhande ◽  
Mohan K. Doibale
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Allowable Error

Background: Over the years, substance use has increased drastically in every section of the society. Tobacco and alcohol consumption in medical fraternity is quite common. The objectives of the study were to find out the prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption in medical students and to find out various reasons to start these habits.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted in Government Medical College, Aurangabad during September to November 2018. Study was conducted amongst undergraduate MBBS students. Taking prevalence as 47%, allowable error 10% and 10% non-respondents the sample size comes as 85. By lottery method, third year medical students were selected randomly for the study. Completed data from 120 students were included in the study. Pre-designed semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Trial version of SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.Results: In the present study, overall prevalence of substance use among undergraduate MBBS students was found to be 52.5% out of which 61.6% were males and 29.4% were females. Peer pressure was the main reason of continuing the habit (93.2%). 66% of these substance users showed willingness to quit the habit.Conclusions: High prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption was observed among undergraduate medical students.

scholarly journals Sleep disturbance and its effect on academic performance among students of a medical college of Tripura

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjan Datta ◽  
Kaushik Nag ◽  
Nabarun Karmakar ◽  
Tamal Chakrabarty ◽  
Kaushik Tripura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Sleep deprivation may have grave health consequences; resulting in increasing disease morbidity and mortality. Sleep disturbance have also been affected academic performance of medical students. The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of sleep disturbance and association between sleep disturbance and academic performance of medical students, if any.Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in the month of March 2018 among 203 medical students of Tripura Medical College and Dr. B.R.A.M. Teaching Hospital. Probability Proportionate to Sample Size (PPS) was used to determine the number of students required from each semester. Students selected by simple random sampling from each semester were interviewed by a pre-designed, pre-tested interview schedule designed based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Data was represented in percentages in tables, charts and Chi square test was applied. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Mean age of the medical student was 21.36±1.96 years. Present study showed, 57% students were complaining of disturbed sleep. Students who felt sleepy during daytime (72.4%) were struggling more during exam compared to students not feeling sleepy (51.7%), which was statistically significant. Study revealed, students who got average mark in last semester exam were most affected with disturbed sleep (66.3%) followed by students who got good marks (53.5%) and poor marks (50%).Conclusions: Prevalence of sleep disturbance was very high among medical students. Male students were much more affected compared to female students. Sleep disturbance has also affected academic performance of students.

scholarly journals Burnout among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu; A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253808
Author(s):  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Nagendra Katuwal ◽  
Ayush Tamang ◽  
Agrima Paudel ◽  
Anu Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background Medical students are more prone to burnout than the general population and students of other faculties due to the demanding nature of medical education with limited time and resources. Burnout has a negative impact on the academics and personal life of the students which can continue into their professional life and ultimately hamper patient care. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of burnout among medical students of a medical college and find its association with age, gender, and year of study. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu, Nepal from 14 January to 7 March, 2021. Stratified sampling followed by a simple random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire using the English version of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory adapted for students (OLBI-S) and analyzed in STATA version 15. Results The prevalence of burnout was found out to be 65.9% (n = 229). And of the remaining, 12.7% were exhausted, 11.4% were disengaged and 10.0% were neither exhausted nor disengaged. Burnout had no significant association with age in years, gender, and year of study. Conclusions This study shows an alarming prevalence of burnout in almost two-thirds of medical students. These results indicate the necessity of employing effective strategies by relevant authorities for the mental well-being of future physicians. Further multicenter prospective studies are required for a better understanding of the prevalence and associated factors of burnout.

scholarly journals Assessment of prevalence and knowledge, attitude and practice of tobacco consumption among school going adolescent boys in urban field practice area of medical college: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1984
Author(s):  
Dhananjay Kumar Singh ◽  
Priyanka Kesarwani ◽  
Shivani Sinha ◽  
Vipul Kant Singh
Keyword(s):  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Field Practice

Background: Tobacco abuse is one of the biggest curses that modern society has come across. It is not confined to any one country or region alone, but has widely afflicted the globe. The most susceptible time for initiating use of tobacco in India is adolescence and early adulthood, ages 15-24 years while some start as young as 10 years.Approximately 55,500 adolescent start using tobacco every day in India, joining the 7.7 million young people under the age of 15 who already use tobacco on a regular basis.Methods: It is a community based cross-sectional study conducted among school going adolescent boys of urban field practice area of medical college during July to September 2017. Data was collected through pretested semi-structured self -administered questionnaire given to students by the investigators. Data collected were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 17 software.Results: The prevalence of ever use of tobacco was 17.5% among school going adolescent boys in urban field practice area. In the present study it was observed that 174 (95.1%) adolescent boys had knowledge regarding hazards of tobacco. 110 adolescents (60.1%) had knowledge that passive smoking was harmful.Conclusions: The study suggests that the prevalence of tobacco consumption was high among school going adolescent boys in urban field practice area of medical college. The knowledge of students regarding harmful effects of tobacco was not adequate. Attitude and practice regarding tobacco consumption is also not satisfactory.

scholarly journals Knowledge, awareness, and preventive behaviors toward osteoporosis among a sample of premenopausal women in Erbil city, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 464-472
Author(s):  
Lara Mohammed ◽  
Ali Dauod
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practice ◽  
Osteoporosis Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Osteoporosis Risk Factors ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Background and objective: Osteoporosis is among the top five conditions causing disability and prolonged hospital stay; however, it is still underestimated worldwide, especially in developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and preventive practice in Erbil city toward this global disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 395 premenopausal women aged ≥25 years and ≤ 49 years old, who were recruited by simple random sampling throughout three months from the first of October to December 2015. A questionnaire was completed through a direct interview, which consisted of four parts, including questions about knowledge, attitude, practice, and demographic questions. The statistical package for the social sciences was used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 35 ± 8.24 years. Almost half of them did not hear about osteoporosis before. The identification of risk factors by participants was poor. Out of 395 of the participants, 92.9% had no knowledge about the diagnosis of this disease. Approximately half of the participants believed that there is no way to prevent osteoporosis. Regarding practice scoring to prevent the disease, the total score (mean) was 2.9 out of a maximum of 12, which is very low, especially among females aged 25-29 years. Conclusion: The majority of premenopausal women in Erbil city had little knowledge of osteoporosis, however unaware of osteoporosis risk factors and poor preventive practice regarding prevention. Keywords: Osteoporosis; Knowledge; Premenopause; Disability; Iraq.

scholarly journals Smoking Trends: A Cross Sectional Study in Dengkil, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Aniston Williams ◽  
Siti Fatimah Az-Zahrah Amir ◽  
Muhammad Zulhelmi
Keyword(s):  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Current Smoker ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Smoking Trends

It is estimated that more than 27,200 of Malaysians’ deaths annually are related to smoking. Majority of the smokers start smoking at the early age, smoke more than 15 years and spend less than RM 100 for cigarettes in a month. So, this study aims to determine the trend of smoking among smokers in a residential area in Dengkil, Sepang, Selangor. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Malaysian, aged more than 18-year-old with a combination of stratified, systematic and simple random sampling. Respondents who fulfill the inclusion & exclusion criteria were interviewed using a validated questionnaire and data were analysed using SPSS. The prevalence of current smoker was 23.5% with higher among male (50.7%), single (31.0%) and self-employed (44.1%). Peer pressure plays important role in either to start or to quit from smoking. It is important to increase awareness program primarily in educational institutions such as schools and colleges. Keywords: smoking, trend, prevalence, sub-urban, Selangor, Malaysian.

scholarly journals What do mothers of urban slum know about worm infestation? Does literacy play a role?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5343
Author(s):  
Bharati L. Makwana ◽  
Kalpita S. Shringarpure ◽  
Samarth A. Shihora
Keyword(s):  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Worm Infestation ◽  
Parasitic Worm ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Microsoft Office

Background: In India, intestinal parasitic infestation is the most important problem of public health concern. Parasitic worm infestation among children is one of causes of undernourishment. The high prevalence may be due to poor sanitation, lack of awareness regarding transmission and treatment of disease and poor hygiene.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted during the month of December 2016. All women having at-least one child below six years of age residing in the field practice area attached to urban health training centre of our medical college were interviewed. Data collected were entered in Microsoft Office Excel 2007.Results: A total of 361 mothers were interviewed of whom, 81% were aware of the disease. Those mothers who had ever heard of the disease were further interviewed. Of these, 54% of them were literate and 46% were illiterate. Comparing the literacy status, 26% literate mothers and 36% of the illiterate gave correct answers. Twelve percent of the literate mothers had correct attitude toward prevention of worm infestation. Almost three-fourths (71%) of the women had incorrect attitude for prevention of the disease. Eighty eight percent mothers consulted doctors.Conclusions: Majority of the mothers was aware about occurrence of intestinal worm infestations but they had incorrect knowledge about its causes, symptoms, preventive measures and treatment. The literacy status of mothers does not make any difference in knowledge and practice regarding worm infestation.  

scholarly journals Cigarette Smoking Habits among University Students: Prevalence and Associated Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Junaid Jamshed ◽  
Muhammad Mushtaq Khan ◽  
Zahid Latif
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
University Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Smoking is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world and is estimated to kill 5 million people each year worldwide. If current patterns of tobacco consumption continue, smoking will kill more than 8 million people each year globally by the year 2030, with 80% of these deaths in the developing countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of cigarette smoking among male university students in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 male students at University of Azad Jammu &amp; Kashmir in Muzaffarabad from July to December 2015. The socio-demographic characteristics and cigarette smoking behavior of the students were measured by using a standardized pre-tested self-administrated validated questionnaire in English. The overall prevalence of cigarette smoking among students was found to be 49.4%. The mean age of starting cigarette smoking was 19.2 2.73 years. Age, marital status and education were found significantly associted with cigarette smoking behavior (<em>p</em>-value&lt;0.05). The most common reason for cigarette smoking was stress alleviation (35.0%) followed by peer pressure (24.5%). As cigarette smoking is considerably higher among students. There is a need to develop effective tobacco control measures among university students in Muzaffarabad.

scholarly journals A study on sexual behaviour practiced by the adolescent and its source of inspiration

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1911
Author(s):  
Ashok Maaan ◽  
Manoj K. Yadav ◽  
S. S. Chaudhary ◽  
Manisha .
Keyword(s):  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Potential Possibility ◽  
Study Population

Background: Adolescence is a developmental period of rapid physical, psychological, sociocultural, and cognitive changes characterized by efforts to confront and surmount challenges and to establish a sense of identity and autonomy. Objective was to study the sexual behavior practiced by the adolescent and its source of inspiration.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out in Department of Community Medicine, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad and Urban area of district Ghaziabad. 750 Adolescents aged 10 to 19 years studying in the selected schools of urban Ghaziabad were included for the study. The period of study was from November 2011 to October 2012.Results: 26.8% of the students were sexually active. Boys were sexually more active than girls (34.7% vs. 18.9%). Condom use was present in 51.2% of the sexually active students. Nearly half (52.3%) of sexually active males had sex under the influence of pornography, almost one-third (32.3%) had sex merely because of peer pressure and 15.4% did it for curiosity and fun. Among girls who experienced sex 70.4% succumbed to peer pressure and 23.9% under the influence of pornography. In the present study more boys (77.9%) than girls (54.1%) had knowledge about reproductive health issues and this difference between two sexes were found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: The present health status of the study population has the potential possibility of leading to increased health problems for this vulnerable population, in future.

scholarly journals Socio-cultural barriers for menstrual hygiene management among adolescent school girls of southern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1868
Author(s):  
Logeswari K. ◽  
Jeram Parmar ◽  
Deodatt M. Suryawanshi
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Participants

Background: India is home to 20% of the world’s adolescent population, with 1 in 10 children currently experiencing puberty. Menstruation, a physiological process in females is influenced not only by race, nutrition and heredity but also by the socio-cultural milieu. In Indian society, the social and cultural restrictions influence the knowledge, attitudes and the practices of adolescent girls towards menstrual hygiene. The present study was carried out to find out the level of knowledge, attitude and practice and the restrictions they face during the process of menstruation.Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study where 489 adolescent school going females of the age group of 13-15 were recruited using simple random sampling from a cluster of schools and interviewed using a semi structured questionnaire for their knowledge, attitudes, practices and the restrictions they face during menstruation. A scoring system was adopted and categorised as poor, average and good.Results: 423 (88.6%) participants demonstrated average to poor knowledge scores, while 279 (57.1%) participants demonstrated average to poor practice scores. There was a significant difference observed between the educational status of mother (p=0.041) and the knowledge scores of study participants. There was no correlation observed between the monthly per capita income of households and the knowledge (r=0.097) and practice scores (r=0.0034). 375 (76%) study participants faced multiple restrictions during menstruation like not allowed to pray or visit temples (93.6%), total seclusion (74.6%), wash clothes separately (74.6%), sleep on floor (74.6%), restriction on leisure (70.4%), eat out of separate utensils (70.4%), and restriction on consumption of food items (49.8%).Conclusions: Knowledge and practices regarding menstrual hygiene was low among study participants and was influenced by various prevalent socio-cultural restrictions. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document