scholarly journals Long term post-traumatic stress disorders among the earthquake affected people of Sindhupalchwok, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5643
Author(s):  
Laxmi Gautam ◽  
Durga Khadka Mishra ◽  
Gobind Prasad Pant ◽  
Rabina Khadka ◽  
Prakash Datt Chataut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Mentally Disabled ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Traumatic Stress Disorders

Background: People who are suffering from PTSD have disturbing feelings and thoughts which is related to their experience even after a long time of such traumatic events happened. This study highlight the characteristics and prevalence of PTSD among the earthquake survivors.Methods: Cross sectional study was carried out using standard PCL-5 PTSD questionnaire. Interview was taken among 376 survivors of earthquake after 4 years of earthquake in Sindhupalchok. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to describe data and test association.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 39.47±16.18 years. Almost 2/5th of the respondents were either buried, injured or physically or mentally disabled during earthquake. Majority of the survivors had loss their loved one while most of them loss their property. Among the respondents who were buried 28.6% had develop PTSD which was 22.2% among physical or mental disable during earthquake. PTSD showed significant association with age, loss of known person and loss of property however didn’t show with gender, caste, experience of earthquake and so on. The prevalence of PTSD was 71 (21.5%) out of 331 respondents. Female (63.4%) were more prone to PTSD than male (36.6%).Conclusions: PTSD is prevalent among 21.5% of survivors even after 4 years of earthquake which showed an urgent need to address PTSD among the respondents and immediate intervention to prevent and treat such problems in case of future disasters. 

scholarly journals Perbedaan Asupan Energi, Protein, Zink, dan Perkembangan pada Balita Stunting dan non Stunting

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Farahiyah Yusni Adani ◽  
Triska Susila Nindya
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Structure Questionnaire ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Food Recall ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition

 Background: Stunting is a nutritional problem caused by inadequate nutrition intake for  a long time and/or recurrent infectious diseases. The impacts of stunting are increase mortality,  morbidity,  health costs, decrease cognitive development, motor, and language development.There are nutrients that important to linear growth as energy, protein, and zinc. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences of intake of the energy, protein, Zinc, development in stunting and non-stunting toddler. Methods: The research was a cross sectional study with quantitative approach. The sample size was 64 toddler in Manyar Sabrangan Sub-district, Surabaya, 32 toddler each stunting and non-stunting were taken by simple random sampling. The data were collected by measuring height, structure questionnaire, food recall 2x24 hours, questionnaire for screening development (KPSP). The data were analyzed using Chi Square Test. Results: Non-stunting toddlers have an adequate intake of energy, protein, zinc respectively 71,9%, 93,7%, 71,9%, meanwhile appropriate development was 75%. Stunting toddlers have an inadequate intake of energy, zinc respectively 68,7%, 65,6% and adequate intake of protein was 68,7%, meanwhile deviance development was 62,5%. The results of this study showed that the comparison of differences between stunting and non-stunting toddler were significant (≤0,05) in energy, protein, Zinc, and development. Conclusion: Non-stunting toddler have a higher intake of the energy, protein, Zinc, and development rather than stunting toddler. Mother of toddler should to increase intake of energy, protein, Zinc to prevent stunting and achieve appropriate development.ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Stunting adalah permasalahan gizi yang disebabkan oleh asupan zat gizi yang kurang dalam waktu lama dan/atau penyakit infeksi yang berulang. Terdapat beberapa zat gizi yang berperan dalam pertumbuhan linier. Salah satu zat gizi tersebut adalah energi, protein, dan zink. Dampak stunting dapat meningkatkan mortalitas, morbiditas, biaya kesehatan, menurunkan perkembangan kognitif, motorik, dan bahasa.Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan asupan energi, protein, Zink, dan perkembangan pada balita stunting dan non stunting.Metode: Penelian ini menggunakan studi cross sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel terdiri dari 64 balita yang di Kelurahan Manyar Sabrangan Surabaya, balita stunting dan non-stunting masing-masing berjumlah 32. Pengumpulan data menggunakan pengukuran tinggi badan, food recall 2x24 jam, kuesioner pra skrining perkembangan (KPSP) ,dan kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan chi square Tets.Hasil: Balita non-stunting mempunyai asupan energi, protein, zink adekuat yaitu 71,9%, 93,7%, dan 71,9% serta perkembangan sesuai yaitu 75%. Balita stunting mempunyai asupan energi, zink inadekuat yaitu 68,7%, 65,6% dan protein adekuat yaitu 68,7% serta perkembangan menyimpang yaitu 62,5%. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan perbandingan balita stunting dan non stunting adalah ada perbedaan signifikan (p≤0,05) pada energi, protein, Zink, dan perkembangan.Kesimpulan: Balita non-stunting mempunyai asupan energi, protein, Fe, Zink yang tinggi dan stimulasi psikososial serta perkembangan yang baik daripada balita stunting. Ibu balita harus meningkatkan asupan energi, protein, Zink agar dapat mencegah terjadinya stunting dan dapat mencapai perkembangan yang sesuai.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Asupan Energi, Protein, Zink, dan Perkembangan pada Balita Stunting dan non Stunting

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Farahiyah Yusni Adani ◽  
Triska Susila Nindya
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Structure Questionnaire ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Food Recall ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition

 Background: Stunting is a nutritional problem caused by inadequate nutrition intake for  a long time and/or recurrent infectious diseases. The impacts of stunting are increase mortality,  morbidity,  health costs, decrease cognitive development, motor, and language development.There are nutrients that important to linear growth as energy, protein, and zinc. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences of intake of the energy, protein, Zinc, development in stunting and non-stunting toddler. Methods: The research was a cross sectional study with quantitative approach. The sample size was 64 toddler in Manyar Sabrangan Sub-district, Surabaya, 32 toddler each stunting and non-stunting were taken by simple random sampling. The data were collected by measuring height, structure questionnaire, food recall 2x24 hours, questionnaire for screening development (KPSP). The data were analyzed using Chi Square Test. Results: Non-stunting toddlers have an adequate intake of energy, protein, zinc respectively 71,9%, 93,7%, 71,9%, meanwhile appropriate development was 75%. Stunting toddlers have an inadequate intake of energy, zinc respectively 68,7%, 65,6% and adequate intake of protein was 68,7%, meanwhile deviance development was 62,5%. The results of this study showed that the comparison of differences between stunting and non-stunting toddler were significant (≤0,05) in energy, protein, Zinc, and development. Conclusion: Non-stunting toddler have a higher intake of the energy, protein, Zinc, and development rather than stunting toddler. Mother of toddler should to increase intake of energy, protein, Zinc to prevent stunting and achieve appropriate development.ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Stunting adalah permasalahan gizi yang disebabkan oleh asupan zat gizi yang kurang dalam waktu lama dan/atau penyakit infeksi yang berulang. Terdapat beberapa zat gizi yang berperan dalam pertumbuhan linier. Salah satu zat gizi tersebut adalah energi, protein, dan zink. Dampak stunting dapat meningkatkan mortalitas, morbiditas, biaya kesehatan, menurunkan perkembangan kognitif, motorik, dan bahasa.Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan asupan energi, protein, Zink, dan perkembangan pada balita stunting dan non stunting.Metode: Penelian ini menggunakan studi cross sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel terdiri dari 64 balita yang di Kelurahan Manyar Sabrangan Surabaya, balita stunting dan non-stunting masing-masing berjumlah 32. Pengumpulan data menggunakan pengukuran tinggi badan, food recall 2x24 jam, kuesioner pra skrining perkembangan (KPSP) ,dan kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan chi square Tets.Hasil: Balita non-stunting mempunyai asupan energi, protein, zink adekuat yaitu 71,9%, 93,7%, dan 71,9% serta perkembangan sesuai yaitu 75%. Balita stunting mempunyai asupan energi, zink inadekuat yaitu 68,7%, 65,6% dan protein adekuat yaitu 68,7% serta perkembangan menyimpang yaitu 62,5%. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan perbandingan balita stunting dan non stunting adalah ada perbedaan signifikan (p≤0,05) pada energi, protein, Zink, dan perkembangan.Kesimpulan: Balita non-stunting mempunyai asupan energi, protein, Fe, Zink yang tinggi dan stimulasi psikososial serta perkembangan yang baik daripada balita stunting. Ibu balita harus meningkatkan asupan energi, protein, Zink agar dapat mencegah terjadinya stunting dan dapat mencapai perkembangan yang sesuai.

IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dini Yuliansari
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Variable ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Dug Well ◽  
The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable  showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

Socio-Demographic Factors and Health-Related Behaviors Associated with Gerontology

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 359-370
Author(s):  
Dr. Ravi S. Dalawai
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Insight Into

Indian population is in growing trend from 942.2 million in 1994 to 1.36 billion in 2019.Among this six per cent of India's population was of the age 65 and above (UNFPA, 2019). Today the work culture is totally changed. Both husband and wife are forced to work in the current scenario and unable to take care of their parents. The changing structure created increased problems for old age people leads to loneliness, psychological, physical health and financial insecurity. The study paper provides insight into the social and demographic factor and health related sickness of the oldest people. This research explained the cross-sectional study included a representative sample (n=116) of adults aged ≥60 years. The sample was chosen using a four-stage stratified random-cluster survey sampling method .The Chi Square test and ANOVA test was analyzed using SPSS20.

Prevalence of Childhood Obesity In Northeastern Ontario: A Cross-sectional Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foyez Haque ◽  
Alberto G. de la Rocha ◽  
Betty Ann Horbul ◽  
Patricia Desroches ◽  
Craig Orrell
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Chi Square Test

Purpose: In Canada, the incidence of childhood obesity has tripled within the past 20 years. The prevalence of obesity in the Timmins, Ontario, student population was studied to gain knowledge for program planning and resource allocation, and to compare Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria with Cole’s international criteria for childhood obesity. Methods: Anthropometric measurements of 801 students were taken. Students were chosen from randomly selected schools for each grade. Data were analyzed according to age, gender, and ethnicity. Data were also compared with other studies. Intragroup comparisons were performed using hypothesis testing for significance with the z table and chi-square test. Results: Overweight and obesity prevalence was 28% according to CDC criteria. No statistical difference was found between genders or among ethnic groups, or between this study and other Canadian studies. In comparison with the CDC criteria, Cole’s international criteria indicated less obesity and increased overweight prevalence. These differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that in the northern Ontario community of Timmins, the prevalence of childhood obesity is of epidemic proportions. When the findings are shared with different agencies, this study will help the health unit to take necessary public health measures to curb the epidemic.

Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dur-e- Nishat
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career. Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification. Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51). Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.

Breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Panchayat in Pathanamthitta District

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswathy S. ◽  
Lakshmi M. K.
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Type Of Delivery ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding

The study was aimed to assess the breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Gramapanchayat in Kerala. Study was a community based cross-sectional study among mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat using a pretested questionnaire. 142 breastfeeding mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat were studied and mothers who were not present at home during the study were excluded from the study. Study period consisted of 18 days between December 2015 and January 2016. Study variables includes type of delivery, initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding practices and role of ASHAs in promoting good breastfeeding practices. Statistical analysis was done using Pearson’s Chi-square test and T test. The study found that exclusive breastfeeding has been done by 68.3% of mothers. There is no practice of giving pre-lacteal feed, 95.8% of mothers have given colostrum to the new born. Statistically significant association was found between the type of delivery and time of initiation of breastfeeding (p less than 0.05). Time of initiation of breastfeeding was prolonged in case of Caesarean section. 49.3% of mothers have breastfed the baby within one hour. 55.6% of mothers were informed about importance of breastfeeding by ASHAs and only 20.4% of mothers were informed about period of exclusive breastfeeding and period of complimentary feeding by ASHAs.

Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kinerja Tenaga Kesehatan Di Rawat INAP RSUD Batusangkar

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Sri Handayani ◽  
Puteri Fannya ◽  
Putri Nazofah
Keyword(s):  
Health Personnel ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Master Level

<p><em>Based on data from the Indonesia Ministry of Health in 2015, In Indonesia, new professional nurses were just 2% of the total nurses. This figure was much lower than the Philippines which has reached 40% with bachelor and master level as their education. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between age, and leadership with the performance of health personnel</em><em>. </em><em>The design of this research was analytical research with Cross Sectional Study. The population in this study was all nurses and doctors who served in the internal room, children, surgery and midwifery</em><em>. </em><em>Sampling using total sampling</em><em> </em><em>by questionnaires. The data was processed by univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-square test</em><em>. </em><em>The result showed that 57,8% nurses had poor performance, 56,3% doctors had poor performance, 64,4% nurses had average age 26-35 years, 56,2% doctors had average age  36-45 years, 64.4% nurses have poor leadership, </em><em>and </em><em>50.0% of doctors have less good leadership</em><em>.</em><em> There is a relationship between age</em><em> and </em><em>leadership with the performance of health personnel.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p>Berdasarkan data kemenkes RI tahun 2015 jumlah tenaga kesehatan terbanyak yaitu perawat sebanyak 147.264 orang (45,65%). Di Indonesia, perawat profesional baru mencapai 2% dari total perawat yang ada. Angka ini jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan Filipina yang sudah mencapai 40% dengan pendidikan strata satu dan dua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur, kepemimpinan dengan kinerja tenaga kesehatan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain penelitian analitik dengan Cross Sectional Study. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua perawat dan dokter. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan Total Sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner. Data diolah dengan analisis univariat menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 57,8% perawat memiliki kinerja kurang baik, 56,3% dokter memiliki kinerja kurang baik, 64,4% perawat memiliki umur rata-rata 26-35 tahun 64,4%, 56,2% dokter memiliki umur rata-rata 36-45 tahun, 64,4% perawat memiliki kepemimpinan kurang baik, 50,0% dokter memiliki kepemimpinan kurang baik. Terdapat hubungan antara umur dan kepemimpinan dengan kinerja tenaga kesehatan.</p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of Insomnia and Factors Associated with it Among the Elderly People of Sarangdanda VDC in Panchthar District

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Keywords Alcohol ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Restorative Sleep

Insomnia is one of the major and unsolved problems in older people. Most of the sleep studies report that the different forms of insomnia like Difficulty Initiating Sleep (DIS), Difficulty Maintaining Sleep (DMS) and Non-Restorative Sleep (NRS) are common among the elderly that are associated to many factors. The objective of the study was to measure the prevalence of insomnia and the factors associated to it among the elderly people. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 142 elderly people of and above 60 years of age in Sarangdanda VDC of Panchthar District of Eastern Nepal. The presence or absence of insomnia and the associated factors were assessed on them by the help of interview schedule. The results were analyzed using chi-square test in SPSS (version 11.5). DMS was the most common reported form of insomnia among the elderly followed by DIS and NRS. Association between insomnia and each of factors like use of tobacco before sleeping hours, eating too close to bedtime, use of tea/coffee before sleeping hours and use of alcohol before sleeping hours were statistically significant at 95% level of confidence. Insomnia affects a large proportion of elderly and is triggered by many factors like use of tobacco before sleeping hours, use of tea/coffee before sleeping hours, eating too close to bedtime and use of alcohol before sleeping hours. Keywords: Alcohol; tea/coffee; difficulty initiating sleep (DIS); difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS); non-restorative sleep (NRS); tobacco DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v4i0.4517 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.4 2010 pp.129-142

scholarly journals HANDLING DISTRUST ON RISK COMMUNICATION IN NIGERIA: A STRATEGY TO STRENGTHENING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK RESPONSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi ◽  
Priscilla Onaopemipo Akosile ◽  
Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi ◽  
Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the level of trust in the COVID-19 risk communication efforts in Nigeria. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among community members aged 15 years and above in Ondo state in October, 2020. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were summarized using frequencies. Trust was ranked from “1” implying “Low level of trust” to “7” denoting “High level of trust”. We conducted bivariate Chi-square test on respondents’ level of trust in the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and socio-demographic characteristics. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results Among the 691 respondents, 244 (35.3%) were aged 21 to 29 years, and 304 (51.4%) used the NCDC to obtain COVID-19 knowledge. Overall, 205 (41.8%) had high level of trust in the NCDC. Furthermore, 51 (51.5%) individuals aged 30-39 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2=17.455, p= 0.001). Also, 114 (48.5%) persons who lived with children below 18 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2= 8.266, p= 0.004). Conclusion Policy makers should prioritize the involvement of young and educated persons in COVID-19 risk communication strategies.

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