scholarly journals Perceptions of caregivers on immunization in Ntungamo district, Uganda

Author(s):  
Byamukama Topher ◽  
Keraka M. Margaret ◽  
Gitonga Eliphas

Background: Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions to reduce child mortality and morbidity associated with infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the perceptions of caregivers on immunization in Ntungamo district.Methods: Quasi-experimental study was used with health centres assigned to intervention and control groups. Purposive sampling was used to select the two counties where the study was done. Proportional sampling was done to get study samples from each health facility, while systematic sampling was done to get study participants. A total of 787 children from twelve health facilities provided the study sample. A post intervention evaluation was conducted to determine the effect of these interventions. Association of variables was tested using Mann Whitney U-test and Chi-square.Results: On benefits, most caregivers in the intervention group (85.3%) and in the control group (54.3%) regarded immunization as very highly and moderately beneficial to their children respectively. On risks, most caregivers in the intervention group (85.5%) and control group (43.1%) regarded the risk factor associated with immunization as very low and moderate respectively. From hypothesis testing, there was a significant difference on the perceived benefits and risks of immunization between the intervention and control group.Conclusions: Most caregivers in the intervention and control group regarded immunization as very highly beneficial and moderately to their children respectively. Most of the caregivers in the intervention and control group regarded the risk factor associated with immunization as very low and moderate respectively. 

Author(s):  
Mohammed DG ◽  
Habsah H ◽  
Naing NN ◽  
Rafie MA ◽  
Nadiah WA ◽  
...  

Objectives: We aimed to develop and evaluate the efficacy of a health education program for increasing knowledge, changing attitudes and promoting preventive practices to reduce the incidence of RTIs among Malaysian Hajj pilgrims.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 132 Hajj pilgrims attending Hajj orientation programme organized by a private Hajj companies. Hajj pilgrims were sequentia lly enrolled and assigned to receive smartphone health education application in the intervent ion group (n = 66) and another different smartphone application on general Hajj process in the control group (n = 66). Data were collected from August 2018 to April 2019 at baseline prior to departure and post-intervention, immediately after return from Saudi Arabia using a validated questionnaire.Results: There was no significant difference with respect to socio-demographic characterist ics, KAP of the respondents in the intervention and control group at baseline. However, there was significant improvement in knowledge in the intervention group compared to the control group, based on time (p = 0.005, ἠ2 = 0.075) and group and time interaction (p = 0.031, ἠ2 = 0.046). Likewise, there was significant improvement in attitude based on time (p = 0.035, ἠ2 = 0.044). Similarly, there was significant main effect in practice based on time (p = <0.001, ἠ2 = 0.155) and interaction of group with time (p = 0.042, ἠ2 = 0.041).International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2019 Page: 30


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeideh Shahsavari ◽  
Sakineh dadipoor ◽  
Mohtasham Ghaffari ◽  
Ali Safari-Moradabadi

Abstract Background: The aim of the present study was to assess readiness to become or stay physically active according to the Stages of Change Model.Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 women working in the healthcare centres of Bandar Abbas, Iran. The sampling method is clustering in type. The subjects were assigned into two groups of intervention and control. The collected data were analysed by SPSS-16 software using descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent-sample t-test, paired-sample t-test and Chi-square test.Results: Before the educational intervention, 19 subjects (0.38%) from the intervention group showed to have regular physical activity (4-5 stages). This number changed to 29 (0.58%) and 25 (0.50%) after three months and six months of intervention. A statistically significant difference was found before the intervention and 3 and 6 months afterwards (P˂.001). In the control group, no statistically significant difference was found between the pre-intervention and post-intervention (three months (P=.351) and six months (P=.687).Conclusion: The educational intervention based on the stages of behaviour change model showed to be effective in promoting the physical activity of employed women. These findings may benefit health education researchers and practitioners who tend to develop innovative theory-based interventions and strategies to increase the level of physical activity in women.


Author(s):  
Mohammad S. Sargolzaei ◽  
Milad G. Shirsavar ◽  
Jasem Allahyari ◽  
Ali Bazi ◽  
Abolghasem P. Nasirabady

Objectives: Thalassemia major (TM) is a chronic hematological disease that can have deep effects on patients’ mental health and psychological well-being. So, the present study was conducted to determine the effects of happiness training on the psychological well-being of TM patients. Methods: This quasi-experimental study with a pre/post-test design was performed on 52 patients with TM in Zabol city (Iran) from August to December 2020. The patients were randomly categorized into experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, happiness training was performed in eight sessions, each for 60 minutes. The control group received routine care. The data collection tool was the Ryff's Scale of Psychological Well-being (RSPWB). Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 statistical software using descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (paired and independent t-test) statistics. Results: Regarding the psychological well-being score at the pre-test stage, there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention (74.92 ± 6.36) and control (74.57 ± 5.83) groups (p = 0.83). After the intervention; however, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of psychological well-being (p <0.001). Also, a statistically significant difference was seen comparing the psychological well-being score between the pre- and post-intervention phases in the experimental (p = 0.01) but not control (p = 0.12) group. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that happiness training improved TM patients’ psychological well-being. Therefore, this type of training can be used as an appropriate educational strategy to improve psychological well-being in these patients.Keywords: Happiness; Education; Mental Health; Thalassemia.


Author(s):  
Nor Azwany Yaacob ◽  
Muhamad Fadhil Mohamad Marzuki ◽  
Najib Majdi Yaacob ◽  
Shahrul Bariyah Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Radzi Abu Hassan

BACKGROUND Background: Lack of knowledge and poor attitude is one of the barriers to colorectal cancer screening participation. Printed material such as pamphlets and posters were the main approach in health education on disease prevention. Current information technology advancement had seen an increasing trend of the public to read from websites and mobile app using their smartphone. Thus, health information dissemination should also be diverted to the current trend of information search. Increase in knowledge and awareness will hopefully increase the screening participation and prevent late detection of diseases such as colorectal cancer. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ColorApp mobile applications in improving the knowledge and attitude on colorectal cancer among user aged 50 years old and above who are the population at risk for the disease in Kedah. METHODS Methods: A quasi-experimental study has been conducted involving 100 participants in Kedah, Malaysia. Participants from five randomly selected community empowerment program in Kota Setar district was chosen as the intervention group while Kuala Muda district was chosen as the control group. Participants were given a self-administered validated questionnaire on knowledge and attitude towards colorectal cancer. A usable mobile application, the ColorApp (Colorectal Cancer Application) was developed as a new educational tool on colorectal cancer prevention. The intervention group were given 2 weeks to use the ColorApp. The same questionnaire was redistributed to both groups after two weeks. The mean percentage score for knowledge and attitude between groups were compared using Repeated Measure ANCOVA. RESULTS Result: There was no significant difference of age, sex, highest education level, current occupation, and diabetic status between the two groups. The number of smokers was significantly higher in intervention groups as compared to control group and it has been controlled during analysis. There was a significant difference in mean knowledge score between intervention and control group with regards to time [Huynh Feldt: F (1,95) = 19.81; p < 0.001]. However, there was no significant difference in mean attitude score between intervention and control group with regards to time [F (1,95) = 0.36, p = 0.550]. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion: The mobile application can be one of the adjunct approaches in educating the public on colorectal cancer.


2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Sheybani ◽  
Zahra Hosseini ◽  
Sayed Hossein Davoodi ◽  
Teamur Aghamolaei ◽  
Amin Ghanbarnejad

Abstract Background Evidence indicates the lower intake of fruits and vegetables than the recommended daily amount. Study aimed at determining the effects of peer education intervention on the consumption of fruits and vegetable in housewives. Methods A quasi-experimental was conducted with 130 housewives referring to health care centers in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Sixty-five subjects were recruited in each of the intervention and the control groups. Intervention group were divided into three subgroups each receiving a seven-sessions educational programs (lecturing and group discussion) through peers about the importance of benefits of fruits and vegetables consumption. Participants were followed for two months. Data were collected using a questionnaire in two stages of pre- and post-intervention. Differences in the outcome before and after the intervention were tested using T-test and paired T-test. Results The daily servings of fruits and vegetables in the intervention group increased from 1.73 to 4.20 and in the control group from 1.96 to 2.16; a statistically significant difference was also observed between the groups (P < 0.001). After the intervention benefits and self-efficacy of fruits and vegetables consumption significantly increased and perceived barriers of fruits and vegetables consumption significantly decreased in the intervention group (P < 0.001). Conclusion Peer education improves benefits and self-efficacy, reduces barriers, and increases the daily servings of fruits and vegetables in housewives.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayati ◽  
Tintin Sukartini ◽  
Padoli Padoli

Background: Constipation is one of the most common problems in stroke due to inactivity and immobility.Objective: To compare one hour and every two-hour turning regimens in the prevention of constipation in patients with stroke.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental research with pretest posttest with control group design. There were 39 participants assigned in intervention group (n=17) and control group (n=22). The intervention group turned every one hour, while control group turned every two hours. The turning regimen was implemented for five days. A bowel score was used to measure constipation. McNemar Test and Fisher Test were used to measure and compare the bowel score between the two groups.Results: There was no significant difference in the effect of two turning regiments on constipation (p > .05). However, based on a descriptive result, there was a slight decrease in the number of constipation from 47% to 29.4% in the intervention group, and from 32% to 27% in the control group.Conclusion: Turning might still become an effective way to prevent constipation in patients with stroke either every one hour or two hours without diet modification.


2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Maryam Ahmadi ◽  
Khdije Zaree ◽  
Anoushirvan Kazemnejad Leily ◽  
Akram Sadat Sadat Hoseini

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of a written prayer technique on the anxiety of mothers of children with cancer.MethodThis clinical trial recruited 90 mothers of children with cancer admitted to the Medical Centre of Tehran. Using a convenience sampling method, we randomly assigned the participants to two groups: control (n = 45) and intervention (n = 45). Data were collected through the Spielberger's anxiety scale and a demographic questionnaire. Maternal anxiety was measured before the intervention, immediately after the three-day intervention, and five weeks after the intervention. We used a writing technique in the intervention and control groups for 20 minutes over three consecutive days. In the intervention group, participants wrote down their sincere desires and wishes that they demanded from God without any worry or stress. The control group spent 20 minutes writing their normal daily schedules; for example, feeding their children or changing their children's clothes. During the three consecutive days of intervention, we asked both groups not to worry about grammar or spelling errors. Finally, the data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods.ResultA statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups (intervention and control mean, 34.9 ± 9.9 and 47.9 ± 16.2, respectively) relative to anxiety after the intervention (p < 0.001). After five weeks, the intervention group continued to exhibit significantly reduced anxiety compared with the control group (intervention and control mean, 34.7 ± 9.6 and 48.5 ± 16.4; p < 0.001).Significance of resultsThe written prayer technique appears to be an effective, efficient, cost-effective, and practical method for reducing anxiety in mothers of children with cancer.


JKEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Ulty Desmarnita ◽  
Yuli Mulyanti

Hypertension during pregnancy may lead to a serious condition called preeclampsia.Health cadre should be provided with information concerning identification of such risk. This study aimed to identify the impact of guidebook of pregnant woman with preeclampsia on knowledge and attitude in pregnant women in health cadre. The study design was quasi-experimental withnon-randomized pretest-posttest group control approach. This study involved 60 health cadres whom were assigned into two groups, intervention group (n= 30) and control group (n= 30) and recruited through purposive sampling technique. The results suggest that there was significant difference in health cadre’s attitude between both groups (p= 0.000). Variable of duration being a cadre is the most determinant factor affecting cadre’s attitude. Health promotion through guidebook of pregnant woman with preeclampsia was effective in improving health cadre’s attitude. Authors recommend health cadres to use the guidebook of pregnant woman with preeclampsia when enacting their duties. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zurainie Abllah ◽  
Syarifah Nurul Afifah Syed Ibrahim ◽  
Hamiza A Rahaman ◽  
Munirah Yaacob ◽  
Yunita Dewi Ardini

Introduction: Mechanical and chemical debridement had been practiced as one of the management for chronic periodontitis. Recent interest and advances in the field of alternative medicine has promoted the use of various herbal and natural products for multiple uses in the field of medicine. As for it, coconut water is one of the potential natural sources that have various health benefits.  Materials and method:  Randomized control study was chosen as study design in this research project. 12 patients who have moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were selected from patients whom attended Polyclinic Kulliyyah of Dentistry, IIUM Kuantan Campus from November 2016 to January 2018. After stratified random sampling done, the subjects divided into 2 groups; Intervention Group and Control Group. All patients will go for ultrasonic scaling and root planning by using hand instruments. 6 patients in Intervention Group were given fresh coconut water to drink during daytime. The first re-assessment was done after 6 weeks. The control group of another 6 patients didn’t receive any medicament. Paired sample t-test was used to analyse the pre and post intervention data. The study had obtained ethical approval from IREC (IREC 849).  Results:  Probing depth (PD) at mid-buccal site and bleeding on probing (BoP) shown significant result (p<0.05 ) in intervention group. There is no significant difference noted in the control groups, which are for PD, BoP and Plaque Score (PS) variables. Conclusion: Coconut water has potential benefit in reducing the periodontal pockets with chronic periodontitis as an adjunct after mechanical debridement.


Author(s):  
Zohre Najafi ◽  
Zahra sadat Manzari ◽  
Fariborz Rezaeitalab ◽  
Amin Azhari

Background:Stroke is the most common debilitating neurological disease in adults. Therefore, rehabilitation is a major consideration to reduce costs and relief disabilities. Biofeedback, a newly recommended method is claimed to be able to improve the consequences following stroke by enhancement the understanding of the psychological functions of the body.  Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of biofeedback on the motor– muscular situation in rehabilitation of stroke patientsMethods:The present study was a randomized clinical trial that was started in May 2016 and completed in September 2016. The sample of this study included all the patients with stroke attending the physiotherapy center of Imam Raza hospital in Mashhad, Iran. The participants were randomly divided into 2 groups (case and control group) after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the intervention group, biofeedback (2 times a week for 15 sessions, each session lasting 20 minutes) was performed.Before the intervention demographic information questionnaire was complete by all participants. Then a check list of main variables such as hands muscle strength, muscle stiffness (spasticity), balance and ability to walk was complete by a physician. In the 7th session of the exercise and in the end of intervention (14th session), again, the main variables of the check list were reassessed by the researcher. The statistical analysis was done by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 16.Results:the mean score of balance evaluation in pre-intervention had not any significant differences (p=0.503), but in post intervention evaluation, this score in intervention group versus control group showed significant differences (p=0.014).the mean score of muscle strength,Results showed that by eliminating the effects of muscular strength before the intervention, this variable in both intervention and control groups after the intervention, had improvement and significant difference (p=0.005).Comparison the average spasticity, showed that spasticity evaluation score before and after intervention had no significant difference between the two groups (p=1.00)Conclusion: Considering the findings of this study, the biofeedback therapy is a promising treatment modality in improvement the motor– muscular condition following stroke.  


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