scholarly journals Bilateral concha bullosa with right sided extensive rhinolith: a case report

Author(s):  
Sumit Prinja ◽  
Jailal Davessar ◽  
Gurbax Singh ◽  
Simmi Jindal ◽  
Alisha Bali

<p class="abstract">Anatomic variations of the paranasal sinuses can lead to various diseases per se. The paranasal sinus anatomy should be carefully examined prior to performing endoscopic sinus surgery in terms of both existent pathologies and anatomic variations. The anatomy of the paranasal sinuses and its variations have gained importance, along with advances in coronal paranasal sinus computed tomography and extensive use of endoscopic sinus surgery. Rhinolith is a mass resulting from calcification of an endogenous or exogenous nidus within the nasal cavity. It is an uncommon disease that may present asymptomatically or cause symptoms like headache and nasal obstruction. A 24 year old woman was admitted in ENT department of GGS Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot with complaints of nasal obstruction, anosmia and headache persisting for 5 years. Right sided rhinolith was detected on anterior rhinoscopy. Bilateral concha bullosa with right sided rhinolith was reported on preoperative paranasal computed tomography scan. It is known that the paranasal sinuses have a number of anatomical variations. Sometimes severe anatomic variations predispose to rhinosinusitis. Herein we report a rare case, along with a review of the literature, to emphasize that severe anatomical variations should not be ignored.</p>

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Sajjad Ali Hashmi Syed ◽  
Sadaf Tanveer Khan ◽  
Jawwad Ali Hashmi Syed

Abstract Introduction: For Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS), the surgeon needs an accurate depiction of the anatomy of paranasal sinuses and their variations. Computed tomography (CT Scan) fulfills this requirement by providing detailed anatomy, the anatomical variants, and the extent of the disease in and around the Para nasal sinuses. The aim of this study is to show the anatomy of the Frontal sinus as delineated by the computed tomography. Materials and Methods: STUDY DESIGN: Cross section Descriptive Study. Out of 337 patients above 12 years of age who were referred for computed tomography of paranasal sinuses in the Dept. of Radio- Diagnosis, Govt. Medical College and Hospital from December 2015 till October 2017, 200 adults(males and females) were randomly selected.Of the 200 subjects studied 37(18.5%) subjects had hypoplastic/ non or poorly pneumatised frontal sinuses of which 31 (15.5%) were bilateral and 6 (3%) were unilateral i.e. on right side. Observations and results: Intra frontal cell were seen in about 64 (32%) subjects of which 26 (13%) on right side, 24 (12%) were on left side and 14 (7%) were bilateral. Extension of pneumatisation into crista galli was seen in 16 (8%) subjects and into orbital roof was seen in 6 (3%) subjects. Conclusion: The findings in this study show that anatomical variations in the Para nasal sinuses and nasal cavity are common. Computed tomography is fundamental radiologic investigation for diagnosis of the Sino nasal lesions or pre and post-surgical assessment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (38) ◽  
pp. 3351-3355
Author(s):  
Ganesh Manohar Vihapure ◽  
Akshay Sorade ◽  
Kaenat Ahmed ◽  
Lakshmi Sravya Yarlagadda ◽  
Khaleel Basha Munnaru

BACKGROUND The paranasal sinuses (PNS) have various anatomical difference. Computed tomography (CT) is an excellent means of providing anatomical information of this region, disease extent, assisting endoscopic evaluation and guiding treatment. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has become an increasingly popular treatment for chronic sinus diseases. CT of the paranasal sinuses has become a roadmap for FESS. The present study focuses on the assessment of the efficacy, safety and benefits of functional endoscopic sinus surgery in cases of maxillary pathologies and also study the anatomical variations in maxillary sinus in computed tomography and its usefulness in planning and management of chronic sinonasal diseases. METHODS It was a prospective study and a total of 80 patients were included in this study from July 2019 to June 2020 in the Otolaryngology Department, KIMS, Karad. Standard surgical steps were applied in each case according to the extent of disease. All patients underwent standard post-operative care. All findings were recorded and studied. RESULTS Total number of patients were 80. Of which, 31 (38.75 %) patients were operated for ethmoidal polyp, 24 (30 %) for chronic rhinosinusitis, 10 (12.5 %) for antrochoanal polyp, 9 (11.25 %) for rhinosporidiosis and 6 (7.5 %) for inverted papilloma. Postoperative complications were periorbital echymoses (13 %), synechiae (2.5 %), epiphora (2.5 %), infection (2.5 %), hemorrhage (4 %). Complete relief of symptoms were noted in 81.67 % cases. CONCLUSIONS Successful outcome and patient satisfaction post treatment can be obtained by careful evaluation and patient selection by history, examination and most importantly, proper imaging of the sinuses. KEY WORDS Maxillary Sinus, Sinusitis, Nasal Polyp, Paranasal Sinus Disease, Computed Tomography (CT)


2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Daisy Sahni ◽  
Rupa Mehta ◽  
Anjali Aggarwal

Abstract A thorough understanding of the sinonasal anatomy is required for the performance of a safe and successful surgery. With the aim to identify the variations in sinonasal anatomy in north Indian population twenty fresh cadaveric heads were dissected by messerklinger technique to identify various sinonasal anatomic variations in north Indian population. The variations in the key landmarks of nose and paranasal sinuses during endoscopic sinus surgery were noted and compared with other studies. Identification and differentiation of the normal and the abnormal sinonasal anatomic variations helps in preventing complications and giving optimum surgical results.


Author(s):  
P. K. Roopa Rajavarthini ◽  
I. Venkatraman

Multi detector computed tomography (MDCT) scan of paranasal sinuses has become mandatory for all patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery. It depicts the anatomical variations in much simpler way and acts as a roadmap for endoscopic sinus surgery. In this study the maximum of participants were in the age group of 41- 50 years (32 %). The mean age of the study participants was observed to be 43.8 ± 15.6 years. HRCT PNS results shows nasal septum was found to be the most common anatomical variant (DNS- 94%). Concha Bullosa in right side were seen in 37.5% and left side were 21.9% (total unilateral cases- 59.4%) and bilateral Concha Bullosa were seen in 40.6% of the cases. Agger nasi were found to be present in 58% of the CRS cases among which right AN was 41%, left side was 30.8%, and bilateral AN were seen in 28.2% of the cases and Paradoxical Middle Turbinate were seen in 42% of cases in our study. Medialised uncinate was seen in 22% of the cases.


2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (09) ◽  
pp. 805-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Cayir ◽  
O Hizli ◽  
M Gul

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of surgical treatment for nasal obstruction on sexual functions, regardless of the condition causing the nasal obstruction.MethodsOf 238 patients identified with nasal obstruction, 57 complained of erectile dysfunction and were included in the analysis. Patients underwent septoplasty, functional endoscopic sinus surgery, concha bullosa excision or radiofrequency ablation of the inferior turbinates, depending on their obstruction-causing disease. Pre- and post-operative evaluation of perceived nasal obstruction was performed using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation questionnaire. Pre- and post-operative assessment of sexual functions was performed using the International Index of Erectile Function.ResultsMean post-operative scores for erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction and overall sexual satisfaction were significantly higher compared to the pre-operative scores (p = 0.022, p = 0.036, p = 0.033, p = 0.016 and p = 0.029, respectively).ConclusionSurgical treatment of nasal obstruction by septoplasty, endoscopic sinus surgery, concha bullosa excision or radiofrequency can significantly improve sexual performance.


1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Davis ◽  
Giulio J. Barbero ◽  
William R. LaMear ◽  
Jerry W. Templer ◽  
Peter Konig

Six patients between the ages of 6 and 22 years old with cystic fibrosis were found to have mucoceles of the paranasal sinuses. Four were male and two were female. They experienced nasal obstruction, purulent rhinorrhea, and anosmia, but none had fever or pain. Nasal endoscopy and coronal computerized tomography scans revealed the lateral nasal wall to be displaced medially against the septum. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery revealed large cystic spaces filled with thick yellow-green mucus. Postoperatively most patients are able to smell and breathe through their noses. The mucocele probably begins as an obstructed anterior ethmoid cell, which then enlarges and obstructs the osteomeatal complex, which further impairs drainage of the other sinuses into this area.


Author(s):  
Falguni J. Parmar ◽  
Avani D. Patel

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE) and computed tomography (CT) of para nasal sinuses play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The aim and objective of the study is to see the anatomical variations of the sinonasal region in CRS on DNE and CT paranasal sinuses (PNS).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A descriptive type retrospective study of 30 patients attending the ENT outpatient department of our tertiary care center clinically diagnosed as CRS with symptoms persisting for 12 weeks or more, along with previously failed medical management, including topical nasal steroids, systemic decongestant and extended courses of antibiotics and who were willing to undergo endoscopic sinus surgery are included.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of the patients had septal deviation either an anterior or posterior deviation but majority of the cases are asymptomatic for the deviation. Anatomical variations of uncinate process, middle turbinate, inferior turbinate, frontal recess, agger nasi cells, haller cells were studied as well.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Prolonged duration of  rhinosinusitis symptoms (more than 8-12 weeks) is the primary reason to evaluate a patient for CRS and making the choice between CT PNS or DNE is patient and disease dependent. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each helps us realize that they are of synergistic in nature and not competitive.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetan Safi ◽  
David A. Gudis ◽  
Aaron Oswald

Endoscopic sinus surgery has revolutionized the field of otolaryngology and is now the surgical standard of care in treating most paranasal sinus disorders. A graduating otolaryngology resident must be proficient in performing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) to care for common sinonasal pathology. Thus, our goal with this chapter is to provide a systematic guide of ESS for surgeons at all stages of training. We discuss the indications for ESS, the thorough review of preoperative computed tomography, the intraoperative technique for ESS, as well as complications. We believe that careful review of this chapter will provide physicians with a comprehensive base to understand the concept of endoscopic sinus surgery and will allow them to develop their technique and skills as they continue to train. This review contains 5 figures, 5 tables, 34 references Keywords: Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, Surgical Education, Surgical Technique, Surgical Complications, Open Sinus Surgery Approaches


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