scholarly journals Music listening practices of college-going students and their impact on hearing

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1284
Author(s):  
Gayathri H. ◽  
Christina Mary P. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Eligible Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
College Going ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Unilateral Involvement ◽  
The Impact

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> A billion youngsters are at risk of recreational noise-induced hearing loss. Motivated by WHO’s campaign ‘Make listening safe’, the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the habit of listening to music at high volumes using Personal Listening Devices (PLDs) among college students and to analyze their audiometric findings.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross-sectional study was performed between December 2019 and May 2020 on college-going students with a habit of listening to music using PLDs. PTA was performed on the eligible study subjects. A modified LHQ was given to the selected candidates to answer.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The study population comprised 62 boys (24.5%) and 191 girls (75.5%) of the age of 17-24 years. 77.1% of the participants listened to music through PLD, at a scale of &gt;5 on 10 (median PLD volume-7). 26.1% of students listened to music for more than 14 hours a week using their headphones or earphones. Fifteen students (5.93%) had evidence of a 4 kHz dip on PTA out of which 9 patients (3.56%) had bilateral and 6 patients (2.37%) had unilateral involvement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Though many students had some awareness regarding safe volume levels while listening to music, not many were aware of daily sound allowance (DSA). Health education to the target population along with the addition of an in-built app in all PLDs for monitoring device volume and DSA may reduce the impact of music on hearing.</p>

scholarly journals PREVALENSI GIGI IMPAKSI MOLAR TIGA PARTIAL ERUPTED PADA MASYARAKAT DESA TOTABUAN

e-GIGI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delsy T. Sahetapy ◽  
P. S. Anindita ◽  
Bernat S. P. Hutagalung
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Village Community ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Tooth Impaction ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Dental tooth impaction is a state of latent or not erupted or partly erupted after a normal eruption time. The impact of impacted teeth, namely the absence of pain, inflammation, and cysts but the prevalence of impacted teeth in several countries including in Indonesia is quite high. Some areas in Indonesia yet has particularly impacted teeth, especially data on partial erupted. This study aims to determine the prevalence of impacted teeth partially erupted on Totabuan Village community. This research is a descriptive cross sectional study. The study population is villagers Totabuan, the study sample as many as 37 people are 13 men and 24 women aged 24-60 years. Results of studies have impacted teeth partially erupted third molars most women (60%), and more common in the age of 24-35 years (62%). Partially erupted tooth impaction occurs most often in the lower jaw (53%) with most gear position on mesioangular (48.4%).Keywords: dental impaction, partial erupted.Abstrak: Gigi impaksi merupakan suatua keadaan gigi terpendam atau tidak erupsi baik sebagian maupun seluruhnya setelah melewati waktu erupsi normal. Dampak dari gigi impaksi yaitu adanya rasa sakit, inflamasi, serta kista akan tetapi prevalensi gigi impaksi di beberapa negara termasuk di Indonesia cukup tinggi. Beberapa daerah di Indonesia belum meiliki data mengenai gigi impaksi khususnya partial erupted. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi gigi impaksi partial erupted pada masyarakat Desa Totabuan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Populasi penelitian yaitu masyarakat Desa Totabuan, dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 37 orang yaitu 13 orang laki-laki dan 24 orang perempuan dengan usia 24-60 tahun. Hasil penelitian ditemukan adanya gigi impaksi molar tiga partial erupted paling banyak pada perempuan (60%), dan banyak ditemukan pada usia 24-35 tahun (62%). Gigi impaksi partial erupted paling sering terjadi pada rahang bawah (53%) dengan posisi gigi paling banyak pada mesioangular (48,4%). Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa gigi impaksi molar tiga partial erupted yang paling banyak ditemukan pada perempuan, dan banyak ditemukan pada usia yaitu 24-35 tahun. Gigi impaksi molar tiga partial erupted paling banyak ditemukan pada rahang bawah, dengan posisi gigi paling banyak pada mesioangular.Kata kunci: gigi impaksi, partial erupted.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections in Bamako, Mali

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
B. Kone ◽  
Y. S. Sarro ◽  
M. Maiga ◽  
M. Sanogo ◽  
A. M. Somboro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Culture Positive

AbstractThe global spread of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) may be due to HIV/AIDS and other environmental factors. The symptoms of NTM and tuberculosis (TB) disease are indistinguishable, but their treatments are different. Lack of research on the epidemiology of NTM infections has led to underestimation of its prevalence within TB endemic countries. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of pulmonary NTM in Bamako. A cross-sectional study which include 439 suspected cases of pulmonary TB. From 2006 to 2013 a total of 332 (76%) were confirmed to have sputum culture positive for mycobacteria. The prevalence of NTM infection was 9.3% of our study population and 12.3% of culture positive patients. The seroprevalence of HIV in NTM group was 17.1%. Patients who weighed <55 kg and had TB symptoms other than cough were also significantly more likely to have disease due to NTM as compared to those with TB disease who were significantly more likely to have cough and weigh more than 55 kg (OR 0.05 (CI 0.02–0.13) and OR 0.32 (CI 0.11–0.93) respectively). NTM disease burden in Bamako was substantial and diagnostic algorithms for pulmonary disease in TB endemic countries should consider the impact of NTM.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study to evaluate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among college students aged 18-25 years in and around Calicut

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2829
Author(s):  
K. S. Premlal ◽  
Vasantkumar V. Bhanushali ◽  
Saranya Nagalingam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Students ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
College Going ◽  
Study Population

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has a major impact on both developed and developing nations as it has become as a leading cause of death all over the World. In recent years an increasingly robust body of epidemiological evidence has highlighted the proliferation of CVD risk factors worldwide. The westernization of dietary habits, decreased levels of physical activity, increased childhood obesity and increased tobacco consumption accelerated by industrialization, globalization now threaten once low risk regions. The project aims to establish the need for screening, risk assessment, education and management in young adults. Objective of the study was to assess the risk behaviours in relation to smoking habits, alcohol use, sexual promiscuity among college going youth populace in southern part of Calicut.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among college students aged 18-25 years around Calicut city.  Study was conducted during the months of June 1st and July 30th 2016. The colleges were selected using simple random sampling method and the partakers were interviewed after getting assent from the concerned institutions. The sample size was calculated as 200 from WHO Global health observatory data prevalence of tobacco usage as 51%.Results: Mean (SD) age of study population is 20.90 (±2.11). Majority of the study population were females (78.5%) and males were 21.5%. Prevalence of smoking found to be 4% and alcohol consumption was found to be 2.5% among study population. BMI of the study population is 21.04 (±3.73).Conclusions: The results of this survey are alarming that the college going youth population fail to understand the devastating consequences of risky behaviours. Hence, interventions must be designed to prevent high-risk behaviours among the vulnerable population. 

scholarly journals Occupational Allergies in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Group of French Dentists

Oral ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Lise Boudinar ◽  
Damien Offner ◽  
Sophie Jung
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acute Exacerbations ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Occupational Allergies

Background: Dentists have a high risk of developing occupational allergies due to their repeated exposure to many professional allergens. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess occupation-related allergies in a group of French dentists and to determine the main associated risk factors. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire about allergies, particularly occupational allergies, was published online in a private group dedicated to French dentists. Results: Data from 584 French dentists were collected; 50.3% of the respondents presented allergies and 13.4% presented occupation-related allergies. Regarding professional allergens, natural rubber latex, cleaning products, and resins were the most frequently incriminated substances. Temporary interruption of activity was reported by 10.3% of individuals suffering from occupational allergies. Almost 65% of them used different reliever medications for the management of acute exacerbations, but maintenance treatment was implemented in only 34.6% of cases. Having a general allergy was the first predictor of occupational allergies with an odds ratio of 7.49. Conclusions: The frequency and the impact of occupational allergies were significant among our study population of French dentists, particularly in those with an associated allergic background. Education and prevention programs are key measures to minimize risk.

The impact of the use of a footrest on the quality of chest compressions. A prospective, randomized, cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Majer ◽  
Sandra Pyda ◽  
Jerzy Robert Ladny ◽  
Antonio Rodriguez-Nunez ◽  
Lukasz Szarpak
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact of Community-Led Total Sanitation and Hygiene on Prevalence of Diarrheal Disease and Associated Factors among Under-Five Children: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Selected Woredas of Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Agune Ashole Alto ◽  
Wanzahun Godana ◽  
Genet Gedamu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gamo Gofa

Background. Diarrheal diseases are still one of the major causes of morbidity in under-five children in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, diarrhea is responsible for 9% of all deaths and is the major cause of under-five mortality. Objective. To assess the impact of community-led total sanitation and hygiene on the prevalence of diarrheal disease and factors associated among under-five children in Gamo Gofa Zone. Methods. Community-based comparative cross-sectional study design was used to compare the impact of community-led total sanitation and hygiene intervention on under-five diarrheal disease. Multistage sampling method was employed. The data were collected by using pretested structured questionnaires. Data quality was ensured by daily supervision completeness and consistency. The data were coded, entered, and cleaned by using Epi Info version 7 and were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were carried out by using binary logistic regression. Significance was declared by using p value of <0.05 and AOR with 95% confidence intervals. Results. The response rate of this study was 93.3%. The overall diarrhea prevalence was 27.5% (CI = (24.06, 30.97)) which was 18.9% (CI = (14.94, 23.2)) in implemented and 36.2%. (CI = (30.41, 41.59)) in nonimplemented woredas. Children whose age was between 12 and 23 months (AOR = 1.6) and greater than 24 months (AOR = 5), availability of handwashing facilities (AOR = 4), disposal of waste in open field (AOR = 9.7), unimproved source of drinking water (AOR = 6.5), using only water for handwashing (AOR = 6), children who started complementary feeding less than 6 months (AOR = 5.6) and greater than 6 months (AOR = 5.2), and utensils used to feed children such as bottle (AOR = 3.9) were the factors positively associated with diarrhea. Conclusion. The overall prevalence of under-five diarrhea was 27.5%. The prevalence was low in CLTSH woredas as compared with non-CLTSH woredas. The study showed that handwashing facility, using only water for handwashing, open refuse disposal, and unimproved source of drinking water among under-five had a statistically significant association with diarrhea occurrence in CLTSH nonimplemented areas. Integrated efforts are needed from the Ministry of Health together with the WASH Project in improving drinking water, handwashing facilities, and solid waste disposal practices.

scholarly journals Cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis after six months of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Surya Jayanti Kadek ◽  
Dewi Kumara Wati Ketut ◽  
Karyana Putu Gede
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Study Population

Background About 60% of individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) develop their first manifestation during infancy. Cow’s milk (CM) exposure is considered to be a risk factor for AD.Objective To evaluate for an association between cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis in infants > 6 months of age.  Methods This cross-sectional study consisted of subjects from a previous study and new subjects recruited in order to meet the minimum required number of subjects. Our study population comprised 120 infants, born between 1 February and 30 November, 2012 in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Subjects were divided into CM and non-CM groups and analyzed for their risk of AD. Subjects were included to CM group if they were fed with cow’s milk/formula  and included to non-CM group if they were breastfeed exclusively in the first six months of life. Other possible risk factors were assessed by multivariate analysis. Results One hundred twenty subjects were enrolled and analyzed (59 in the CM and 61 in the non-CM groups). The prevalence of AD was 30%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between CM exposure and AD, with odds ratio (OR) 2.37 (95%CI 1.036 to 5.420; P=0.04). In addition, maternal diet including eggs and/or cow’s milk during the breastfeeding period was significantly associated with AD in infants (OR 3.18; 95%CI 1.073 to 9.427; P=0.04).Conclusion Cow’s milk exposure is significantly associated with atopic dermatitis in infants  > six months of age. 

scholarly journals The impact of health literacy on health outcomes in individuals with chronic pain: a cross-sectional study

Physiotherapy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-353
Author(s):  
Laura M. Mackey ◽  
Catherine Blake ◽  
Maire-Brid Casey ◽  
Camillus K. Power ◽  
Ray Victory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on training and mental health of residents: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Alshdaifat ◽  
Amer Sindiani ◽  
Wasim Khasawneh ◽  
Omar Abu-Azzam ◽  
Aref Qarqash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Residency Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Residents ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Residency programs have been impacted by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this study we aim to investigate and evaluate the impact of the pandemic on residents as well as residency training programs. Methods This was a cross-sectional study including a survey of 43 questions prepared on Google forms and electronically distributed among a convenience sample of residents training at a tertiary center in North Jordan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected in the period between October 30th and November 8th of 2020. The survey included questions that addressed the impact of the pandemic on residents’ health as well as training programs. The study participants included residents in training at KAUH in 2020 and were stratified according to the type of residency program (surgical residents (SRs) and non-surgical residents (NSRs)). Statistical methods included descriptive analysis, Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, Mann Whitney U test, and Cramer’s V and r statistics as measures of effect sizes. Results Of all 430 residents, 255 (59%) responded to the survey. A total of 17 (7%) of residents reported being infected with COVID-19 and a significant difference was reported between SRs and NSRs (10% vs 4%, V = .124 “small effect” (95% CI; .017–.229), p = 0.048). Approximately, 106 (42%) reported a decrease in the number of staff working at the clinic and 164 (64%) reported limited access to personal protective equipment during the pandemic. On a 4-point Likert scale for the feeling of anxiety, the median was 2 (2–3 IQR) in the NSRs group, vs 2 (1–2 IQR) in the SRs groups, with the NSRs being more likely to feel anxious (r = 0.13 “small effect” (95% CI; 0.007–0.249), p = .044). Similarly, the proportion of residents who reported feeling anxious about an inadequacy of protective equipment in the work area was significantly greater in the NSRs group (90.3% vs 75.2%; V = .201 “small effect” (95% CI; .078–.313), p = .001), as well as the proportion of residents who reported feeling increased stress and anxiety between colleagues being also significantly higher in the NSRs group (88.1% vs 76%; V = .158 “small effect” (95% CI; .032–.279), p = .012). Conclusion The burden of the ongoing pandemic on the mental health status of residents is very alarming and so providing residents with psychological counseling and support is needed. Also, critical implications on the flow of residency training programs have been noticed. This necessitates adapting and adopting smart educational techniques to compensate for such limitations.

scholarly journals Factors associated with emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals involved in the COVID-19 pandemic: an application of the job demands-resources model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Barello ◽  
Rosario Caruso ◽  
Lorenzo Palamenghi ◽  
Tiziana Nania ◽  
Federica Dellafiore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Patient Engagement ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the present cross-sectional study is to investigate the role of perceived COVID-19-related organizational demands and threats in predicting emotional exhaustion, and the role of organizational support in reducing the negative influence of perceived COVID-19 work-related stressors on burnout. Moreover, the present study aims to add to the understanding of the role of personal resources in the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) by examining whether personal resources—such as the professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement—may also strengthen the impact of job resources and mitigate the impact of job demands. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 532 healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. It adopted the Job-Demands-Resource Model to study the determinants of professional’s burnout. An integrative model describing how increasing job demands experienced by this specific population are related to burnout and in particular to emotional exhaustion symptoms was developed. Results The results of the logistic regression models provided strong support for the proposed model, as both Job Demands and Resources are significant predictors (OR = 2.359 and 0.563 respectively, with p < 0.001). Moreover, healthcare professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement appears as a significant moderator of this relationship, as it reduces Demands’ effect (OR = 1.188) and increases Resources’ effect (OR = 0.501). Conclusions These findings integrate previous findings on the JD-R Model and suggest the relevance of personal resources and of relational factors in affecting professionals’ experience of burnout.

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