scholarly journals Clinicopathological, trichoscopic and biochemical parameters in females with patterned hair loss

Author(s):  
Krishnendra Varma ◽  
Aishwarya Mahadik ◽  
Ujjwal Kumar ◽  
Somya Agrawal

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hair has no vital functions in humans but its loss from the scalp can create a sense of negative body image and anxiety. The term ‘female pattern hair loss’ is explained by decrease in hair fiber production and their eventual miniaturization. To evaluate the clinicopathological, trichoscopic and biochemical parameters in females with patterned hair loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>37 females in age group of 18-45 years complaining of reduction in hair volume with diffuse thinning over the crown were included in our study after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Detailed history was taken and clinical examination was done. Written consent and ethical clearance from Institutional Ethical Committee was taken. Ludwig grading, evaluation of other clinical signs of hyperandrogenism and trichoscopy was done. These females then underwent histopathological examination. 10 ml blood was withdrawn to assess anemic, thyroid and hormonal profile in these females.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 37 females examined majority of the females had Ludwig grade 1 hair loss. Serum levels of testosterone were found significantly related to clinical signs of hyperandrogenism. Hair diameter variability and peri pilar sign formed the majority in trichoscopy (62.2% each). The most common histopathological finding was perifollicular infiltrate (70.3%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> FPHL can contribute to severe psychological distress. Despite its high prevalence, its diagnosis and treatment still impose several difficulties in clinical practice. Although hormonal factors are believed to contribute, its pathogenesis still remains elusive.</p>

Author(s):  
Kirty Nahar ◽  
Usha Bohra ◽  
Vivek Arya

Androgenic alopecia is a patterned hair loss occurring due to systemic androgens and genetic factors. It is the most common cause of hair loss in both genders. The appearance of this condition is the cause of significant stress and psychological problems, making appropriate management important. A 68-year-old postmenopausal female presented with complaints of increased hair loss from scalp, excessive hair growth at undesired sites and hirsutism not corrected with medications. On thorough investigations, CT scan whole abdomen and endocrinological workup, a clinical diagnosis of alopecia and hirsutism due to hyperandrogenemia secondary to ovarian tumor made. Abdominal hysterectomy with B/L salpingo-oophorectomy was done. Histopathological examination revealed an encapsulated tumor in right ovary-sex cord stromal tumor consistent with Leydig cell tumor in right ovary, no evidence of malignancy. Left ovary was normal. Patient showed significant regression of clinical signs and symptoms on follow up after 1 month. All women with severe hirsutism or androgenic alopecia needs further work up to locate the source of androgen over production.


2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
E Mellet ◽  
A Stewart

Background. Ankle injuries are one of the most common injuries in sport and have a high recurrence rate.Aim. To determine the prevalence of clinical signs of ankle injuries in club rugby players in South Gauteng.Methods. Institutional ethical clearance was obtained for the study. Of the 180 players from 9 clubs who were eligible for participation in thestudy, 76% (n=137) were recuited. Informed consent was obtained before players were asked to complete a battery of tests. Each player wasasked to complete a demographic questionnaire and the Olerud and Molander questionnaire to determine the prevalence of clinical signs ofperceived instability. The prevalence of clinical signs of mechanical instability was determined by the anterior drawer test (ADT) and talartilt test (TTT). Balance and proprioception were assessed by the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and this was used to determine theprevalence of clinical signs of functional instability.Results. The prevalence of perceived instability was 44%. The prevalence of clinical signs of mechanical ankle instability was 33%. There was anincreased prevalence of mechanical instability in players who had a history of previous ankle injuries: ADT left (p=0.003); ADT right (p=0.01);TTT left (p=0.001); TTT right (p=0.08), both tests positive left (p=0.001) and both tests positive right (p=0.03). The prevalence of clinical signsof functional ankle instability depended on the surface and visual input, and was greater as the challenge or perturbation increased.Conclusion. There was a high prevalence of clinical signs of ankle instability in club rugby players for perceived, mechanical and functionalinstability. Those with previously injured ankles were more likely to have unstable ankles.


Author(s):  
Manar Elsayed Taha Sadoma ◽  
Ghada Fawzy Rezk Hassan ◽  
Manal Mohamed ALI Elbatsh ◽  
Zeinab AbdElsamd Ibrahim

Background: Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is the most common cause of alopecia in women, characterized by diffuse non-scarring hair loss in frontal, central, and parietal areas of the scalp. Vitamin D is a factor that has recently been considered in dealing with these patients.  Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate the serum level of 25 hydroxy vitamin D in patients with FPHL to elucidate its possible role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Methods: This study included 45 patients with female pattern hair loss; Evaluation of vitamin D level by Elisa was done for both control and patients. Results: Regarding vitamin D levels, mean ± SD. 18.0 ± 11.97. Conclusion: This study indicated the correlation between FPHL and decreased serum levels of Vitamin D3. It is recommended to evaluate serum Vitamin D3 levels as well as other hormone assays in these patients.


Author(s):  
Sandeep Chavan ◽  
Remeth Dias ◽  
Chandrakant Magdum

In this study we investigated the in vivo Hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Garuga pinnata (EEGP) leaves in Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity using wistar rats of either sex as model. Hepatotoxicity was induced by the administration of CCl4 intraperitoneally (0.125ml CCl4 in liquid paraffin (1:1) per 100g body weight). Garuga pinnata leaves extract at different dose levels (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.) showed the dose dependant hepatoprotective effect and was compared with well known standard hepatoprotective Silymarain (100mg/kg). When groups were treated with CCl4, significant increase in serum biochemical parameters such as Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Alkaline phosphate (ALP), Acid Phosphate (ACP), Creatinine and alteration of tissue biochemical parameters such as reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and the total proteins were observed. The histopathological examination of the CCl4 treated groups showed sinusoidal congestion, centrilobular necrosis, marked vacuolations and congestion. However, pretreatment with extract of leaves of Garuga pinnata significantly reduced the increased serum levels of biochemical parameters and restored antioxidant defense enzymes level to its normal. Moreover, histopathology of leaves extract treated groups showed normal architecture with minimal sinusoidal congestion. Taken together, our study concludes that EEGP to be a more potential agent for caring liver from CCl4 induced damage.


Author(s):  
Erum Siddiqui ◽  
Shakila Yousuf ◽  
Sumbul Nisar ◽  
Faryal Hussain Memon ◽  
Anum Sharif ◽  
...  

Background: Female pattern hair loss is also observed in women without increased androgen levels. Vitamin D is a factor that has recently been considered in dealing with these patients. Deficiency of Vitamin D might be correlated with diffuse hair loss. Objective: To determine the frequency of serum levels of Vitamin D3 in patients with female pattern of hair loss (FPHL) at tertiary care hospital Karachi. Methodology: This cross-sectional research was conducted upon a sample of 163 female patients (chosen via non-probability – consecutive sampling) presenting to the Dept. of Dermatology, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi from 29th July 2018 to 28 th January 2019, with a clinical diagnosis of FPHL. Data was recorded onto a structured questionnaire containing inquiries pertaining to basic biodata, sociodemographic details, and inferences obtained from blood tests (CBC, serum ferritin, TSH level and vitamin D level). Serum 25 OH Vitamin D level < 20 was taken as deficient, 21-29 was insufficient and over 30 was sufficient. Data was analyzed using SPSS. v. 21.0. Results: The mean age was 30.39±6.36 years. Mean FPHL duration was 5.85±2.89 months. Total 63.2% patients were classified as mild, 26.45% patients were classified as moderate and 10.4% patients were classified as severe. Total 73% patients were found as vitamin D deficient, 22.1% as vitamin D insufficient and 4.9% as vitamin D sufficient. Significant association of vitamin D deficiency was observed with education status, vitamin D intake since past 6 months, and socio economic status. Conclusion: Results showed high vitamin D3 deficiency (73.0%) among patients with female pattern of hair loss (FPHL).


2020 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Raman Balakrishna Venkatta ◽  
Sheena Ann Simon ◽  
K. Abdul Samad ◽  
Anuja Elizabeth George

Objectives: The objectives of this study are as follows: (1) To study the levels of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) in females with acne and/or female pattern hair loss (FPHL) and (2) to study the correlation of the severity of acne and/or FPHL with serum levels of testosterone and DHEAS. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of dermatology and venereology, of a tertiary care institution over a period of 1 year among patients who presented with acne and/or FPHL. Acne was graded using Leeds revised acne grading system and FPHL with Ludwig scale. Competitive immunoenzymatic colorimetric method for quantitative determination of testosterone and DHEAS concentrations in serum (“DiaMetra” kits) was performed. Correlation between quantitative variables was assessed by Pearson correlation and Spearman rank correlation. Results: A total of 84 patients with acne and/FPHL were studied over a period of 1 year. Fifty-one (60.7%) patients had acne, 21 (25%) had FPHL, and 12 (14.3%) patients had both. The mean levels of testosterone in acne, FPHL, and in patients with both were 1.14 ± 4.65 ng/ml, 0.51 ± 0.17 ng/ml, and 0.53 ± 0.24 ng/ml, respectively. The mean DHEAS in patients with acne, FPHL, and with both was 4.64 ± 4.96 μg/ml, 4.96 ± 5.34 μg/ml, and 6.34 ± 5.37 μg/ml, respectively. The Spearman rank correlation between the level of testosterone and the grades of inflammatory acne in face and FPHL was 0.193 and -0.16, respectively. The Spearman rank correlation of DHEAS with the grades of inflammatory acne in face and FPHL was 0.092 and 0.01, respectively. Limitations: The study carried out in a tertiary referral center, not reflecting the status of the condition in general population was the major limitation. Conclusion: This study in a localized population could not elicit a significant statistical correlation between serum levels of total testosterone and DHEAS with severity of acne or FPHL. However, a majority of patients with acne, FPHL, or both had low levels of total testosterone which were discordant with most of the previous studies. Half of the study population with coexisting acne and FPHL had high levels of DHEAS which suggests the need to study the role of DHES in patients with coexistence of acne and FPHL.


2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal

The present research was carried out to assess the toxic effect of oral administration of the aqueous extract of Nerium oleander leaves and flowers daily at doses of (25) mg/kg body weight for four weeks in mice. The toxicity of this plant parts was determined after two and four weeks by measuring the parameters of cytogenetic (mitotic index, micronucleus %), and serum levels of the hematological (RBC, Hb, WBC) and biochemical (GOT, GPT, ALT, AST) indexes in comparison with that of the control (normal saline), also clinical signs were determined. The results showed a significant decrease in mitotic index while an obvious raise was seen in micronucleus percentage in comparison with that of the control after the two periods of administration. More over significant marked changes was seen in the level of all the hematological and biochemical parameters when compared with the control. In addition to that, diarrhea with some organ lesions were also observed.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mariana Álvares Penha ◽  
Paulo Müller Ramos ◽  
Vinícius de Souza ◽  
Helio Amante Miot

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Despite the high prevalence and impact on quality of life, there are no objective methods to estimate the severity of female pattern hair loss (FPHL). Here, we aimed to develop a dermoscopic severity score for FPHL. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Cross-sectional study involving 76 women with FPHL and 12 controls. Standardized dermoscopic photos of the scalp were taken to evaluate the main findings of FPHL. The variable selection and their scores in the final model were defined by multivariate methods. Twenty participants were retested to assess the reliability, and 10 participants were tested before and after treatment for estimating its sensibility to change after 6 months. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Eight patients (11%) presented the Sinclair clinical scale grade I, 40 (53%) presented at grade II, 19 (25%) presented at grade III, and 9 (12%) presented at grades IV and V. In the multivariate exploration, the following variables were considered significant: total terminal hairs, total miniaturized hairs, brown peripilar sign, scalp honeycomb pigmentation, white peripilar sign, and yellow dots. The final model resulted in a high correlation (rho = 0.89) with the ranked clinical assessment. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> An objective and reliable severity score of FPHL was developed and validated, allowing its use as an additional outcome in therapeutic trials.


2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
E Mellet ◽  
A Stewart

Background. Ankle injuries are one of the most common injuries in sport and have a high recurrence rate.Aim. To determine the prevalence of clinical signs of ankle injuries in club rugby players in South Gauteng.Methods. Institutional ethical clearance was obtained for the study. Of the 180 players from 9 clubs who were eligible for participation in thestudy, 76% (n=137) were recuited. Informed consent was obtained before players were asked to complete a battery of tests. Each player wasasked to complete a demographic questionnaire and the Olerud and Molander questionnaire to determine the prevalence of clinical signs ofperceived instability. The prevalence of clinical signs of mechanical instability was determined by the anterior drawer test (ADT) and talartilt test (TTT). Balance and proprioception were assessed by the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and this was used to determine theprevalence of clinical signs of functional instability.Results. The prevalence of perceived instability was 44%. The prevalence of clinical signs of mechanical ankle instability was 33%. There was anincreased prevalence of mechanical instability in players who had a history of previous ankle injuries: ADT left (p=0.003); ADT right (p=0.01);TTT left (p=0.001); TTT right (p=0.08), both tests positive left (p=0.001) and both tests positive right (p=0.03). The prevalence of clinical signsof functional ankle instability depended on the surface and visual input, and was greater as the challenge or perturbation increased.Conclusion. There was a high prevalence of clinical signs of ankle instability in club rugby players for perceived, mechanical and functionalinstability. Those with previously injured ankles were more likely to have unstable ankles.


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