scholarly journals From epidemic to pandemic covid-19 world crisis!

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Aiswarya Mishra ◽  
Annapurna Ahuja ◽  
Sloka Kanungo ◽  
Harneet Singh Mago ◽  
Ruchii Staffy Mohina Minz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
New Public ◽  
Global Threat

There is a new public health crises threatening the world with the emergence and spread of 2019 novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) The virus originated in bats and was transmitted to humans through yet unknown intermediary animals in Wuhan, Hubei province, China in December 2019.It caused a total of 80,868 confirmed cases and 3101 deaths in Chinese mainland until March 8, 2020. This novel virus spread mainly through respiratory droplets and close contact. According to the current pandemic situation the worldwide report of death due to COVID-19 is 165,877,654, cases confirmed and 3,445,463 death and 146,583,420 recovered. The symptoms are usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. The disease is mild in most people; in some, usually the elderly and those with comorbidities, it may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi organ dysfunction. As COVID-19 has triggered enormous human casualties and serious economic loss posing global threat, an understanding of the ongoing situation and the development of strategies to contain the virus's spread are urgently needed. Currently, various diagnostic kits to test for COVID-19 are available and several repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19 have shown to be clinically effective. In addition, global institutions and companies have begun to develop vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19. Here, we review the current status of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine development for COVID-19.

scholarly journals An Interim Report on the Dental Practice Management: COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Somar Mirinal ◽  
Mohadeb-Somar Jhassu Varsha Naveena ◽  
Somar Mirinal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
Transmission Modes ◽  
New Public ◽  
Isolation Management ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

There is a new public health crisis threatening the world with the emergence and spread of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Due to the specialty of oral healthcare settings, the risk of cross infection is severe among patients and oral healthcare practitioners as they work in close proximity to their patients employing droplet and aerosol generating procedures. The transmission modes of SARS-coronavirus appear to be through droplet spread and close contact. Although the principle of universal precautions is widely advocated and followed throughout the dental community, it is not sufficient to help control the spread of this highly contagious disease. Management protocols must be modified to minimize public health risks. This includes the identification, isolation, management and report of possible and probable cases and contacts. Patient assessment should include questions on recent travel to infected areas and, contacts of patients, fever and symptoms of respiratory infections. Hence, there is a need for strict and efficient infection control protocols as the patient may be symptomatic as well as asymptomatic.

scholarly journals Forecasting of COVID-19 Cases and Deaths Using ARIMA Models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutfi Bayyurt ◽  
Burcu Bayyurt
Keyword(s):  
Moving Average ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
New Public ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACTAfter the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-2002/2003) and middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS-2012/2014) in the world, new public health crisis, called new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), started in China in December 2019 and has spread all over countries. COVID-19 coronavirus has been global threat of the disease and infected humans rapidly. Control of the pandemi is urgently essential, and science community have continued to research treatment agents. Support therapy and intensive care units in hospitals are also efective to overcome of COVID-19. Statistic forecasting models could aid to healthcare system in preventation of COVID-19. This study aimed to compose of forecasting model that could be practical to predict the spread of COVID-19 in Italy, Spain and Turkey. For this purpose, we performed Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model on the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control COVID-19 data to predict the number of cases and deaths in COVID-19. According to the our results, while number of cases in Italy and Spain is expected to decrease as of July, in Turkey is expected to decline as of September. The number of deaths in Italy and Spain is expected to be the lowest in July. In Turkey, this number is expected to reach the highest in July. In addition, it is thought that if studies in which the sensitivity and validity of this method are tested with more cases, they will contribute to researchers working in this field.

scholarly journals Review of Poultry Production and Poultry Vaccine Manufacture in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Uddab Poudel ◽  
Umesh Dahal ◽  
Santosh Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Vaccine Production ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Poultry Vaccine

Poultry industry is one of the strong pillars of Nepal’s agricultural production system, contributing around 4% in the national gross domestic product (GDP). Nepal is self-reliant in poultry meat and egg production. This sector provides employment to thousands of people and has become a major source of income to rural people. Low investment cost, less manpower requirement, and quick returns attract many investors towards poultry farming and hence the population and productivity of poultry is increasing year after year. Different viral, bacterial, protozoal and fungal diseases, including influenza, fowl typhoid, coccidiosis and mycotoxicosis, cause tremendous economic loss to the poultry sector of Nepal each year. Vaccines can be an effective preventive measure against poultry diseases and Nepal government together with the private sectors produce vaccines against different poultry diseases. Still, poultry vaccine production within the country is not enough and depends on imports from other countries. Considering the continuous growth in the poultry production and constant threat of disease outbreaks, government of Nepal as well as private sectors should invest more on vaccine production within the country. This article explains the current status of poultry production and vaccine development in Nepal.

Shigella Vaccine Development: Prospective Animal Models and Current Status

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 903-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeon-Jeong Kim ◽  
Sang-Gu Yeo ◽  
Jae-Hak Park ◽  
Hyun-Jeong Ko
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Current Status

Molecular characterization of SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miribane Dërmaku-Sopjani ◽  
Mentor Sopjani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
New Public ◽  
And Function

Abstract:: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a new public health crisis threatening the world. This pandemic disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus has been reported to be originated in bats and by yet unknown intermediary animals were transmitted to humans in China 2019. The SARSCoV- 2 spreads faster than its two ancestors the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERSCoV) but has reduced fatality. At present, the SARS-CoV-2 has caused about a 1.16 million of deaths with more than 43.4 million confirmed cases worldwide, resulting in a serious threat to public health globally with yet uncertain impact. The disease is transmitted by inhalation or direct contact with an infected person. The incubation period ranges from 1 to 14 days. COVID-19 is accompanied by various symptoms, including cough, fatigue. In most people the disease is mild, but in some other people, such as in elderly and people with chronic diseases, it may progress from pneumonia to a multi-organ dysfunction. Many people are reported asymptomatic. The virus genome is sequenced, but new variants are reported. Numerous biochemical aspects of its structure and function are revealed. To date, no clinically approved vaccines and/or specific therapeutic drugs are available to prevent or treat the COVID-19. However, there are reported intensive researches on the SARSCoV- 2 to potentially identify vaccines and/or drug targets, which may help to overcome the disease. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the molecular structure of SARS-CoV-2 and its biochemical characteristics.

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