scholarly journals Drug Utilization Evaluation of Colistin: A Retrospective Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elahe Ghasri ◽  
Farzaneh Hematian ◽  
Reza Ganji ◽  
Mandana Izadpanah
Keyword(s):  
Health Information System ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Usage Pattern ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
R Software ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background: Colistin, is used as the last treatment line for infections concluded from multiple drug-resistant gram-negative microorganisms. Increased consumption of colistin leads to resistance to this antibiotic in many countries. This study investigated the usage pattern of colistin administration in a selected hospital in Iran. Methods: This study was conducted in a selected hospital in Ahvaz. Inclusion criteria were all patients who received colistin during this time according to the health information system. Patients who were received less than three doses of colistin were excluded from the study. Prescription of colistin in all patients was evaluated according to the protocol extracted from the last version of Lexicomp written by Wolters Kluwer. The descriptive and analytical statistics were carried out by the R software. Results: Among 27 patients who received colistin, pneumonia (30%) was the main diagnoses. Colistin administration was based on the microbiological culture data in 70% of cases. Considering the involved microorganism, most cases were Acinetobacter spp., followed by Klebsiella spp. Loading dose was prescribed for seven (26%) patients. In only five (19%) cases, colistin dosing, including loading dose, maintenance dose, and the interval of colistin administration, was appropriate during the study time. Increasing in serum creatinine was seen in two (7.4%) patients. In 29.4% of patients, the combination of colistin and carbapenems was observed. Conclusion: Given the lack of appropriate dose adjustment of colistin that may lead to incidence of resistance and adverse effect, applying of the specialist clinical pharmacist will be suggested.

scholarly journals trans-Translation inhibitors bind to a novel site on the ribosome and clear Neisseria gonorrhoeae in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary D. Aron ◽  
Atousa Mehrani ◽  
Eric D. Hoffer ◽  
Kristie L. Connolly ◽  
Pooja Srinivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Specific Inhibition ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Peptidyl Transfer ◽  
Bacterial Ribosome ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant ◽  
Unique Site

AbstractBacterial ribosome rescue pathways that remove ribosomes stalled on mRNAs during translation have been proposed as novel antibiotic targets because they are essential in bacteria and are not conserved in humans. We previously reported the discovery of a family of acylaminooxadiazoles that selectively inhibit trans-translation, the main ribosome rescue pathway in bacteria. Here, we report optimization of the pharmacokinetic and antibiotic properties of the acylaminooxadiazoles, producing MBX-4132, which clears multiple-drug resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in mice after a single oral dose. Single particle cryogenic-EM studies of non-stop ribosomes show that acylaminooxadiazoles bind to a unique site near the peptidyl-transfer center and significantly alter the conformation of ribosomal protein bL27, suggesting a novel mechanism for specific inhibition of trans-translation by these molecules. These results show that trans-translation is a viable therapeutic target and reveal a new conformation within the bacterial ribosome that may be critical for ribosome rescue pathways.

scholarly journals Antitumor mechanism of evodiamine, a constituent from Chinese herb Evodiae fructus , in human multiple-drug resistant breast cancer NCI/ADR-RES cells in vitro and in vivo

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 968-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cho-Hwa Liao ◽  
Shiow-Lin Pan ◽  
Jih-Hwa Guh ◽  
Ya-Ling Chang ◽  
Hui-Chen Pai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant

scholarly journals Lytic Myophage Abp53 Encodes Several Proteins Similar to Those Encoded by Host Acinetobacter baumannii and Phage phiKO2

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (19) ◽  
pp. 6755-6762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Ni Lee ◽  
Tsai-Tien Tseng ◽  
Juey-Wen Lin ◽  
Yung-Chieh Fu ◽  
Shu-Fen Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Sputum Sample ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Lytic Phage ◽  
Tail Fiber ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant

ABSTRACTAcinetobacter baumanniiis an important Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections. The emergence of multiple-drug-resistantA. baumanniiisolates has increased in recent years. Directed toward phage therapy, a lytic phage ofA. baumannii, designated Abp53, was isolated from a sputum sample in this study. Abp53 has an isometric head and a contractile tail with tail fibers (belonging toMyoviridae), a latent period of about 10 min, and a burst size of approximately 150 PFU per infected cell. Abp53 could completely lyse 27% of theA. baumanniiisolates tested, which were all multiple drug resistant, but not other bacteria. Mg2+enhanced the adsorption and productivity of, and host lysis by, Abp53. Twenty Abp53 virion proteins were visualized in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with a 47-kDa protein being the predicted major capsid protein. Abp53 has a double-stranded DNA genome of 95 kb. Sequence analyses of a 10-kb region revealed 8 open reading frames. Five of the encoded proteins, including 3 tail components and 2 hypothetical proteins, were similar to proteins encoded byA. baumanniistrain ACICU. ORF1176 (one of the tail components, 1,176 amino acids [aa]), which is also similar to tail protein gp21 ofKlebsiellaphage phiKO2, contained repeated domains similar to those within the ACICU_02717 protein ofA. baumanniiACICU and gp21. These findings suggest a common ancestry and horizontal gene transfer during evolution. As phages can expand the host range by domain duplication in tail fiber proteins, repeated domains in ORF1176 might have a similar significance in Abp53.

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