scholarly journals The Oral Parasitic Microbiome in Hepatitis B Virus Infected Su-danese Patients with Gum Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhakam G. TAMOMH ◽  
Mohammed A. SULIMAN ◽  
Sabah R. YOUSIF ◽  
Hui LIU
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Association ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
The Status ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Gum Disease

Background: We aimed to evaluate a potential link between colonization of gingival crevices by the Entamoeba gingivalis as oral parasite microbiome and Hepatitis B infection among gum disease Sudanese patients. Methods: This study was conducted on 448 gum disease patients attending to Dental Clinic of Kosti Teaching Hospital, Kosti, Sudan in 2017-2018. Oral symptoms were registered in 336 patients at different stages of the HBV infection and in 112 HBV seronegative gum disease control. All participants were screened for HBV using ELISA test. Unstimulated whole saliva and gingival scraping were obtained and analyzed for the presence of the amoeba using a parasitological technique. Results: Statistically highly significant correlation was found between the detection of the E. gingivalis in Saliva/gingival scraping and gum illness disease with HBV-infected patients than healthy control group (P<0.05). There was high association between the occurrence of the amoeba among the two groups and smoking, snuffing habitats (P<0.05), inversely, no association with the oral personal hygiene. Conclusion: The presence of the amoeba was not related to the degree of gum diseases only, but to the HBV infection diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first study of E. gingivalis in association with HBV infection among gum disease Sudanese patients; maybe predict the role of oral parasitic microbiome in the status of gum disease in HBV infection.

Assessment of miR-212 and Other Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Treatment of HBV-infection-related Liver Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 785-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yigan Zhang ◽  
Huaze Xi ◽  
Xin Nie ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Ning Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Meld Score ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Control Group

Objective: Our study aims to detect the sensitivity of the new biomarker miR-212 existing in serum exosomes along with other hepatocellular carcinoma biomarkers such as AFP (alpha-fetoprotein), CA125 (carbohydrate antigen-ca125), and Hbx protein in the diagnosis of HBV-related liver diseases. We also aim to study the roles of these biomarkers in the progression of chronic hepatitis B and provide scientific data to show the clinical value of these biomarkers. Methods: We selected 200 patients with HBV-infection (58 cases of chronic hepatitis B, 47 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 30 cases of compensatory phase cirrhosis, and 65 cases of decompensatory phase cirrhosis), 31 patients with primary liver cancer without HBV infection, and 70 healthy individuals as the control group. The expression level of serum AFP and CA125 was detected with electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The expression level of the Hbx protein was detected with ELISA. Meanwhile, the expression level of miR-212 in serum was analyzed with RT-qPCR. We collected patients’ clinical information following the Child-Pugh classification and MELD score criterion, and statistical analysis was made between the expression level of miR-212 and the collected clinical indexes. Lastly, we predicted the target genes of the miR-212 and its functions using bioinformatics methods such as cluster analysis and survival prediction. Results: Compared to the control group, the expression level of miR-212 in HBV infected patients was remarkably increased (P<0.05), especially between the HBV-infection Hepatocellular carcinoma group and the non-HBVinfection liver cancer group (P<0.05). The expression of miR-212 was increased in patients’ Child-Pugh classification, MELD score, and TNM staging. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of miR-212 were superior to AFP, CA125, and HBx protein. Conclusion: There is a linear relationship between disease progression and expression level of miR-212 in the serum of HBV infected patients. This demonstrates that miR-212 plays a significant role in liver diseases. miR-212 is expected to be a new biomarker used for the diagnosis and assessment of patients with HBV-infection-related liver diseases.

scholarly journals Molecular characteristics of HBV infection among blood donors tested HBsAg reactive in a single ELISA test in southern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianlin Ye ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Ran Li ◽  
Heng Liu ◽  
Junpeng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Blood Samples

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major concern for blood safety in high-prevalence HBV countries such as China. In Shenzhen, dual hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have been adopted in parallel with nucleic acid testing (NAT) for donors for over a decade. A small proportion of blood donors test reactive (R) for HBsAg but negative through routine NAT, which can lead to HBV infection with an extremely low viral load. Objectives We aimed to investigate and analyze the molecular characteristics of HBV among blood donors that tested HBsAg R in a single ELISA test. Methods Blood donations were evaluated in this study if confirmed HBsAg R through one of two ELISA kits. Samples with non-reactive (NR) results by NAT were collected and tested for HBsAg by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CLIA) with a neutralization test. The level of HBsAg was further assessed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). The viral basic core promoter (BCP) and pre-core (PC) and S regions were amplified by nested PCR. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) for viral load determination and individual donation (ID)-NAT were adopted simultaneously. HBsAg was confirmed with CLIA, ECLIA, nested PCR, qPCR, and ID-NAT. Results Of the 100,252 donations, 38 and 41 were identified as HBsAg R with Wantai and DiaSorin ELISA kits, respectively. Seventy-nine (0.077%, 79/100,252) blood samples with ELISA R-NR and NAT NR results were enrolled in the study. Of these, 17 (21.5%,17/79) were confirmed as HBsAg-positive. Of the 14 genotyped cases, 78.6% (11/14) were genotype B, and C and D were observed in two and one sample, respectively. Mutations were found in the S gene, including Y100C, Y103I, G145R, and L175S, which can affect the detection of HBsAg. A high-frequency mutation, T1719G (93.3%), was detected in the BCP/PC region, which reduced the viral replication. Conclusion A small number of blood samples with HBsAg ELISA R-NR and NAT NR results were confirmed as HBV infection, viral nucleic acids were found in most of the samples through routine NAT methods. It is necessary to employ more sensitive and specific assays for the detection of HBV infection among blood donors.

scholarly journals Genotype-Specific Genomic Markers Associated with Primary Hepatomas, Based on Complete Genomic Sequencing of Hepatitis B Virus

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 3604-3611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Y. Sung ◽  
Stephen K. W. Tsui ◽  
Chi-Hang Tse ◽  
Eddie Y. T. Ng ◽  
Kwong-Sak Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rule Learning ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genomic Markers ◽  
Genotype C ◽  
Complete Genomic

ABSTRACT We aimed to identify genomic markers in hepatitis B virus (HBV) that are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development by comparing the complete genomic sequences of HBVs among patients with HCC and those without. One hundred patients with HBV-related HCC and 100 age-matched HBV-infected non-HCC patients (controls) were studied. HBV DNA from serum was directly sequenced to study the whole viral genome. Data mining and rule learning were employed to develop diagnostic algorithms. An independent cohort of 132 cases (43 HCC and 89 non-HCC) was used to validate the accuracy of these algorithms. Among the 100 cases of HCC, 37 had genotype B (all subgenotype Ba) and 63 had genotype C (16 subgenotype Ce and 47 subgenotype Cs) HBV infection. In the control group, 51 had genotype B and 49 had genotype C (10 subgenotype Ce and 39 subgenotype Cs) HBV infection. Genomic algorithms associated with HCC were derived based on genotype/subgenotype-specific mutations. In genotype B HBV, mutations C1165T, A1762T and G1764A, T2712C/A/G, and A/T2525C were associated with HCC. HCC-related mutations T31C, T53C, and A1499G were associated with HBV subgenotype Ce, and mutations G1613A, G1899A, T2170C/G, and T2441C were associated with HBV subgenotype Cs. Amino acid changes caused by these mutations were found in the X, envelope, and precore/core regions in association with HBV genotype B, Ce, and Cs, respectively. In conclusion, infections with different genotypes of HBV (B, Ce, and Cs) carry different genomic markers for HCC at different parts of the HBV genome. Different HBV genotypes may have different virologic mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Infection and Cancer: The Case of Hepatitis B

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Chan ◽  
Vincent W.S. Wong ◽  
Shukui Qin ◽  
Henry L.Y. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The Status ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Common Infections

Infection is a well-described cause of cancer in humans. Being one of the most common infections worldwide, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly in Asian countries. The etiological link between HBV and HCC provides an important opportunity for health care policy makers and clinicians to intervene with HBV infection to prevent cancer development and improve the outcomes of cancer. This review aims to use HBV as an example to illustrate the potential of tackling infection-related conditions to help improve cancer outcomes. This article is divided into four parts: In the first part, an overview is given on the epidemiologic data and risk factors of HCC development in patients with chronic hepatitis B. In the second part, recent progress on the anti-HBV strategies for preventing HCC is updated. In the third part, approaches to improve the outcomes of established HBV-related HCC are covered. These methods include surveillance strategies to identify asymptomatic HCC among patients with chronic HBV infection, and use of antiviral treatment to avoid HBV reactivation during treatment for HCC and reduce the recurrence of HCC after curative treatment. Finally, the status of the development of targeted drugs specifically for HBV-related HCC is discussed in the section on future development.

scholarly journals FASandFASLGene Polymorphisms Are Not Associated with Hepatitis B Virus Infection Based on a Case-Control Study in a Brazilian Population

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 741-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara B. Santana ◽  
Maria Luana C. Viégas ◽  
Simone R. S. S. Conde ◽  
Marluísa O. G. Ishak ◽  
Ricardo Ishak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
B Virus

Objective. This study investigated the association of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in theFASandFASLgenes with the outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.Methods. Blood samples were collected from 116 HBV-infected patients at the Hospital of the Santa Casa de Misericordia Foundation (Belém, PA, Brazil). Seronegative individuals were used as controls. DNA samples were extracted from the leukocytes and assayed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by RFLP analysis with restriction endonucleases.Results. The frequencies of the mutant genotypes for -670FAS(GG), Ivs2nt-124FASL(GG), Ivs3nt-169FASL(ΔT/ΔT), and -844FASL(TT) were higher in the HBV patients, and theFAS-1377AA genotype was more frequent in the control group; however, the differences between the allele and genotype frequencies were not statistically significant. When the HBV patient population was divided into two groups (inactive carriers and active chronic hepatitis patients), the mutant genotypes were found to be more prevalent in the active chronic hepatitis group with respect to theFASgene polymorphisms; however, this difference was not statistically significant.Conclusions. The results suggest that the polymorphisms inFASandFASLgenes are not associated with HBV infection or even with the natural history of the infection in the Brazilian Amazon region.

scholarly journals NTCP gene polymorphisms and Hepatitis B virus infection status in a Ghanaian population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Nyarko ◽  
Christian Obirikorang ◽  
W.K.B.A. Owiredu ◽  
Evans Adu Asamoah ◽  
Emmanuel Acheampong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
B Virus

Abstract BackgroundSLC10A1 gene codes NTCP, a receptor through which the hepatitis B virus (HBV) gets access into hepatocytes - a stage of the viral cycle necessary for replication. Polymorphism variants of SLC10A1 play roles in HBV infection, viral clearance, treatment outcome, and complications, in diverse ethnic groups and countries. However, no such study has been conducted in the Ghanaian population, a country with HBV endemicity. Therefore, an exploratory study was conducted to investigate the presence of three (3) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the SLC10A1 gene (rs2296651, rs61745930, and rs4646287) and assessed the risk of HBV infection among the Ghanaian population.MethodPolymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to determine the presence of the SNPs among 292 participants comprising 146 HBV infected persons as case-subjects and 146 HBV non-infected persons as control-subjects. ResultsThe minor allele frequency (T) of rs2296651 was present in a significantly high proportion of cases compared with the control group (12.6% vs. 3.1%, p < 0.0001). The homozygote recessive variant of rs61745930 was present in 2.7% of the control group and 5.5% of the case group. Moreover, the minor allele frequencies of rs4646287 were 9.6% and 8.6% among the control and the case group, respectively (p = 0.767). Under the dominant (CC) genetic model of inheritance, rs2296651 was found to be protective of HBV infection [OR = 0.18 (0.07–0.44)], whereas under the co-dominant and additive model, rs2296651 was a potential risk factor for HBV infection [OR = 5.2 (95%CI: 2.1–12.8); 3.5 (95%CI: 1.6–7.6], respectively. Variants of rs61745930 and rs4646287 were not associated with HBV infection (p > 0.05). Polymorphisms in SLC10A1, however, did not show any significant association with HBV infectivity (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe study highlights some polymorphism proof that variants rs2296651, rs61745930, and rs4646287 exist in HBV-infected individuals in Ghana. Variant rs2296651 was found to be associated with HBV infection. Nonetheless, polymorphisms in SLC10A1 were not associated with HBV infectivity among the Ghanaian population. Further investigation is warranted to assess the offensive role of the relationship between rs2296651 and HBV infectivity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oral Hygiene in Patients with Generalized Periodontitis of II Degree and Stage II Hypertension

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 2016419
Author(s):  
Tetiana Vivcharenko ◽  
Mykola Rozhko
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
The Status

Generalized periodontitis is the most common form of periodontal pathology, especially in the second half of life. Nowadays, the problem of periodontal disease is relevant due to its high prevalence, tendency to progression, multifaceted influence on the dentoalveolar system and the whole organism as well as uncertain treatment. Therefore, there is a need to find optimal ways of prevention and treatment of this disease. Close relationships between periodontal pathology and systemic diseases, such as hypertension, which affects every 2nd-3rd adult were determined.The objective of the research was to determine the status of oral cavity hygiene in patients with generalized periodontitis of II degree and stage II hypertension.Materials and methods. The study included 30 patients with generalized periodontitis of II degree and stage II hypertension being treated in the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary; the average age ranged from 35 to 54 years (the main group). The control group included 10 patients of the same age without generalized periodontitis and somatic pathology .The status of oral cavity hygiene was determined using the Green Vermillion index. The diagnosis of periodontal disease was made on the basis of the classification proposed by M.F. Danilevskyi. The obtained results were subjected to variation-statistical analysis using statistical package “Stat Soft 6.0”; classical methods of variational statistics were applied; mean values and their reliability were evaluated.Results. The results of examination showed poor oral hygiene in almost all patients. The analysis of hygienic indices showed the following results: in patients of the main group, the Green Vermillion index was 1.99 ± 0.13 points (p<0.001) which corresponds to unsatisfactory level of oral hygiene. In patients of the control group, this index was 1.10 ± 0.17 points which corresponds to satisfactory level of oral hygiene. According to the index, 9 (30.0%) patients of the main group had satisfactory oral hygiene, 12 (40.0%) patients had poor oral hygiene, and in 9 (30.0%) patients, poor oral hygiene was observed.In the control group, 2 (20.0%) patients had good oral hygiene, 6 (60.0%) patients had satisfactory oral hygiene and in 2 (20.0%) patients, unsatisfactory oral hygiene was observed. There were no patients with poor oral hygiene. The analysis of the indicators of the Green Vermillion index showed that in case of the pathological process exacerbation the oral hygiene status in patients deteriorated.Conclusions. The level of oral hygiene in patients of both groups was low due to incorrect selection of personal hygiene products or their untimely replacement. In patients with generalized periodontitis of II degree and stage II hypertension, the level of oral hygiene was lower than in somatically healthy persons: the worse status of oral cavity hygiene – the more pronounced changes in the periodontal tissues. We can suppose that high blood pressure affects the status of the oral cavity, creates a higher risk and exacerbates the periodontal diseases.

scholarly journals Serum ESPL1 Can Be Used as a Biomarker for Patients With Hepatitis B Virus-Related Liver Cancer: A Chinese Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153303382098078
Author(s):  
Rongming Wang ◽  
Weiwei Zang ◽  
Bobin Hu ◽  
Deli Deng ◽  
Xiaozhang Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
S Gene ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Gene Integration

Aims: To investigate the feasibility of serum extra spindle pole bodies-like 1 (ESPL1) used as a biomarker for patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: 131 chronic HBV-infection patients were recruited and divided into HBV S gene integration, non-HBV S gene integration, chronic hepatitis B (CHB), HBV-related liver cirrhosis (LC) and HBV-related HCC group, 24 non-HBV-related HCC patients were selected as HCC control group, 30 people without HBV-infection as healthy control group. Serum ESPL1 were detected and compared. Results: ESPL1 level of integration group was significantly higher than that of non-integration group (346.7 vs 199.6 ng/ml, P = 0.000) and healthy control group (346.7 vs 41.3 ng/ml, P = 0.000). ESPL1 level of non-integration group was significantly higher than that of healthy control group (199.6 vs 41.3 ng/ml, P = 0.000); ESPL1 levels in chronic HBV-infection related groups were increased in turn according to CHB group (95.8 ng/ml), HBV-related LC group (268.2 ng/ml), HBV-related HCC group (279.9 ng/ml) and integration group (346.7 ng/ml). Except that there was no significant difference in ESPL1 levels between HBV-related LC and HCC group ( P = 0.662), pairwise comparisons between other groups showed significant differences ( P < 0.05). ESPL1 level of HBV-related HCC group was significantly higher than that of non-HBV-related HCC group (279.9 vs 46.6 ng/ml, P = 0.000), there was no noticeable difference between non-HBV-related HCC and healthy control group (46.6 vs 41.3 ng/ml, P = 0.848). ESPL1 level of HBV-related HCC group after resection was significantly lower than that of before resection (178.4 vs 260.8 ng/ml, P = 0.000). Conclusions: Chronic HBV-infection patients with high ESPL1 level may indicate HBV S gene integration and is a high-risk population for HBV-related HCC. Serum ESPL1 can be used as a biomarker for screening HBV-related HCC high-risk population and monitoring recurrence.

scholarly journals The role of immune mediators in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 752-755
Author(s):  
Hana Abdul-Qader Khuder
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Healthy Control

Introduction and Aim: Viral hepatitis, is considered a major cause of cirrhosis and liver transplantation, both of which are life-threatening conditions. In comparison to Hepatitis C virus infection, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has a lower rate of chronicity. The purpose of this study is to assess the immunological particles CD2 and CD4, as well as the cytokines IL-10, in HBV-infected patients. Materials and Methods: Between April and June 2021, a case-control study was conducted on 180 female subjects with a mean age of 35 years who visited a private clinic in Mosul city. A (10 ml) sample of blood was collected from each subject by routine venipuncture technique, and the blood sample was centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 10 minutes to separate the plasma, which was used for further investigations. The ELISA test was used to determine the sizes of cytokines in the serum (R&D Systems). A microplate reader was used to limit absorbance in copies (Beckman Coulter). The last concentration was measured in pg/ml.   Results: The findings of this study revealed that (15%) of cases had clinical symptoms of HBV, while (70%) of cases were asymptomatic, and (5%) of cases progressed to chronic liver disease. In compared to healthy control groups, HBV patients had highly significant variations in mean CD 2 and CD 4 expression (p<0.0001). Conclusion: During the acute phase of hepatitis, the immune system successfully fights off the infection; however, differences in immune responses to different viruses may explain the tendency for acute infection to resolve rather than develop to chronic infection. Hepatitis viruses employ a variety of tactics to evade human immunity. To fully comprehend the complicated interplay between immunological mediators and HBV infection, more research is needed.

scholarly journals Serologic and molecular characteristics of hepatitis B virus infection in vaccinated schizophrenia patients in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiying Wang ◽  
Lugang Yu ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Zhiwei Zhou ◽  
Huijuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Escape Mutation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
B Virus

Introduction: Previous studies have indicated that the patients with psychiatric illness were at higher risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in schizophrenia patients remains unclear. Methodology: Between June 2014 and January 2015, 415 schizophrenia patients and 3,038 controls who had been routinely immunized as infants were recruited in the present study. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), HBsAb, and HBV DNA were detected with commercial methods according to the manufacturer’s protocol. A 600-bp region of the S gene (region nt236–nt835) was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The genotypes of isolated HBV were identified using phylogenetic analysis by the neighbor-joining algorithm in the software MEGA version 4.1. Results: The seroprevalence of HBsAg in schizophrenia patients was 6.75%, which was significantly higher than 3.32% measured in controls. HBsAg prevalence was 7.94% in male schizophrenia patients and 5.47% in female schizophrenia patients, while it was only 4.04% in males and 2.08% in females in the control group. The HBsAb seroprevalence rate was 58.31% in schizophrenia patients and 59.94% in non-schizophrenia controls. Moreover, one HBV strain in the schizophrenia group presented I126S vaccine escape mutation (5.88%), while three HBV isolates showed Q129H, M133L, and G145R vaccine escape mutations in the control group (6.81%). Conclusions: Schizophrenia patients are at higher risk for HBV infection, even those who had received routine immunization. Therefore, a booster HB vaccination targeted at schizophrenia patients should be considered in the future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document