scholarly journals Sequence analysis reveals asymptomatic infection with Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum possibly leads to infertility in females: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinyere Charity Ezeanya-Bakpa ◽  
Nneka Regina Agbakoba ◽  
Charolette Blanche Oguejiofor ◽  
Ifeoma Bessie Enweani-Nwokelo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Genetic evidence of asymptomatic Mycoplasma hominis (M. hominis) and Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum) infection associated with infertility among females is lacking because suitable high throughput molecular methods have not been applied. Objective: This study aimed to explore the occurrence of M. hominis and U. urealyticum in the genital tract of females with asymptomatic infection and infertility as well as determine their genetic relatedness. Materials and Methods: The study group included 100 asymptomatic females and 31 females diagnosed with infertility. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene following DNA extraction was performed directly from endo-cervical swabs. Phylogenetic analysis established the genetic linkage between the isolates from both groups. Results: In asymptomatic females, M. hominis and U. urealyticum were detected with a prevalence of 8% and 2% respectively. Among females with infertility, the prevalence was 6.45% and 3.23% for M. hominis and U. urealyticum respectively. In both groups, M. hominis occurred significantly more frequently. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three distinct clusters in both groups: two with already characterized M. hominis and Ureaplasma species (28.6% of the overall Mycoplasma spp.) and one distinct cluster matched with U. urealyticum. Furthermore, all M. hominis from asymptomatic females clustered significantly with infertility contrary to U. urealyticum. The M. hominis cluster was significantly linked to two strains from China. Conclusion: The sequence analysis of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma in the genital tract of asymptomatic and infertile females showed significant association; therefore, it is paramount to consider them as possible etiologic agents of infertility and genital infection, especially when the etiology of infertility is unknown. Key words: Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Genetic linkage, Asymptomatic infections, Infertility.

scholarly journals Prevalence and significance of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in the urines of a non-venereal disease population

1987 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Furr ◽  
D. Taylor-Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Tract Disease

SUMMARYUreaplasma urealyticum organisms (ureaplasmas) and Mycoplasma hominis organisms (mycoplasmas) were sought in mid-stream urines collected from 200 men and 200 women attending hospital with conditions of a non-venereal nature. In addition, the urines from 100 male and 100 female healthy volunteers were examined. Overall, ureaplasmas were isolated four times more often than mycoplasmas. In individuals less than 50 years of age, the organisms were found in about 20 % of men and about 40 % of women. In individuals 50 years or older, they were found about one-third to one-half as frequently. Centrifugation of urine and examination of the resuspended deposit did not increase the isolation rates. In men, the numbers of organisms in the urine were usually small (< 103 c.c.u./ml) with less than tenfold more in the urine of women. The occurrence of 51– > 1000 leucocytes per mm3 in some of the urines was not associated with either the presence or an increased number of ureaplasmas/mycoplasmas, whereas they were associated with the presence of 105 or more bacteria/ml. The significance of these findings in the context of defining the role of ureaplasmas/mycoplasmas in genital-tract disease is discussed.

Epidemiology ofMycoplasmaacquisition in male HIV-1 infected patients: a multistage cross-sectional survey in Jiangsu, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (15) ◽  
pp. 3327-3334 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-S. CHEN ◽  
J.-R. WU ◽  
B. WANG ◽  
T. YANG ◽  
R. YUAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Hiv Aids

SUMMARYMycoplasmainfections are most frequently associated with disease in the urogenital or respiratory tracts and, in most cases, mycoplasmas infect the host persistently. In HIV-infected individuals the prevalence and role of genital mycoplasmas has not been well studied. To investigate the six species ofMycoplasmaand the risk factors for infection in Jiangsu province, first-void urine and venous blood samples were collected and epidemiological questionnaires were administered after informed consent. A total of 1541 HIV/AIDS patients were recruited in this study. The overall infection rates of sixMycoplasmaspecies were:Ureaplasma urealyticum(26·7%),Mycoplasma hominis(25·3%),M. fermentans(5·1%),M. genitalium(20·1%),M. penetrans(1·6%) andM. pirum(15·4%). TheMycoplasmainfection rate in the unmarried group was lower than that of the married, divorced and widowed groups [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1·432, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·077–1·904,P< 0·05]. The patients who refused highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) had a much higher risk ofMucoplasmainfection (aOR 1·357, 95% CI 1·097–1·679,P< 0·05). Otherwise, a high CD4+T cell count was a protective factor againstMycoplasmainfection (aOR 0·576, 95% CI 0·460–0·719,P< 0·05). Further research will be required to confirm a causal relationship and to identify risk factors forMycoplasmainfection in HIV/AIDS populations.

scholarly journals Candida andamanensis sp. nov., Candida laemsonensis sp. nov. and Candida ranongensis sp. nov., anamorphic yeast species isolated from estuarine waters in a Thai mangrove forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 454-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somjit Am-In ◽  
Savitree Limtong ◽  
Wichien Yongmanitchai ◽  
Sasitorn Jindamorakot
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
D2 Domain ◽  
Large Subunit Rrna

Five strains (RV5T, RV140, R31T, RS17 and RS28T) representing three novel anamorphic ascomycetous yeast species were isolated by membrane filtration from estuarine waters collected from a mangrove forest in Laem Son National Park, Ranong Province, Thailand, on different occasions. On the basis of morphological, biochemical, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the large-subunit rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer region and phylogenetic analysis, three strains were found to represent two novel Candida species. Two strains (RV5T and RV140) represented a single novel species, for which the name Candida laemsonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RV5T (=BCC 35154T =NBRC 105873T =CBS 11419T). Strain R31T was assigned to a novel species that was named Candida andamanensis sp. nov. (type strain R31T =BCC 25965T =NBRC 103862T =CBS 10859T). On the basis of morphological, biochemical, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the large-subunit rRNA gene and phylogenetic analysis, strains RS17 and RS28T represented another novel species of Candida, for which the name Candida ranongensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RS28T (=BCC 25964T =NBRC 103861T =CBS 10861T).

scholarly journals Description of Diutina gen. nov., Diutina siamensis, f.a. sp. nov., and reassignment of Candida catenulata, Candida mesorugosa, Candida neorugosa, Candida pseudorugosa, Candida ranongensis, Candida rugosa and Candida scorzettiae to the genus Diutina

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4701-4709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pannida Khunnamwong ◽  
Noppon Lertwattanasakul ◽  
Sasitorn Jindamorakot ◽  
Savitree Limtong ◽  
Marc-André Lachance
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene ◽  
Anamorphic Yeast

Three strains (DMKU-RE28, DMKU-RE43T and DMKU-RE123) of a novel anamorphic yeast species were isolated from rice leaf tissue collected in Thailand. DNA sequence analysis demonstrated that the species forms a sister pair with Candida ranongensis CBS 10861T but differs by 24–30 substitutions in the LSU rRNA gene D1/D2 domains and 30–35 substitutions in the ITS region. A phylogenetic analysis based on both the small and the large rRNA gene subunits confirmed this connection and demonstrated the presence of a clade that also includes Candida catenulata, Candida mesorugosa, Candida neorugosa, Candida pseudorugosa, Candida rugosa and Candida scorzettiae. The clade is not closely affiliated to any known teleomorphic genus, and forms a well-separated lineage from currently recognized genera of the Saccharomycetales. Hence, the genus Diutina gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate members of the clade, including Diutina siamensis f.a. sp. nov. and the preceding seven Candida species. The type strain is DMKU-RE43T ( = CBS 13388T = BCC 61183T = NBRC 109695T).

scholarly journals Genital Mycoplasmas in Placental Infections

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Stein ◽  
Léon Boubli ◽  
Bernard Blanc ◽  
Didier Raoult
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
True Infection ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Genital Mycoplasmas

Objective:The involvement of the genital mycoplasmasUreaplasma urealyticumandMycoplasma hominisin complications of pregnancy has remained controversial especially because these microorganisms are frequent colonizers of the lower genital tract. Recovery of bacteria from the placenta appears to be the sole technique to represent a true infection and not vaginal contamination. Therefore, we investigated the presence of genital mycoplasmas, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and fungi in human placentas and evaluated their association with morbidity and mortality of pregnancy.Methods:We cultured placentas from 82 women with complicated pregnancies. One hundred placentas from women with uncomplicated pregnancies were evaluated as controls. When possible, placentas were examined histologically for presence of chorioamnionitis.Results:Microorganisms were recovered from 52% of the placentas of complicated pregnancies andU. urealyticumwas the microorganism isolated most frequently from the placenta. A significant association between positive mycoplasma culture of the placenta and complication of pregnancy was found, and chorioamnionitis was positively related to isolation of mycoplasmas.Conclusions:These data suggest that genital mycoplasmas are able to infect the human placenta where they can cause chorioamnionitis. This infection of the placenta by genital mycoplasmas is related to preterm birth and fatal outcome of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Multilocus sequence analysis of the family Halomonadaceae

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 520-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael R. de la Haba ◽  
M. Carmen Márquez ◽  
R. Thane Papke ◽  
Antonio Ventosa
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Halophilic Bacteria ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Analysis ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
The Impact

Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) protocols have been developed for species circumscription for many taxa. However, at present, no studies based on MLSA have been performed within any moderately halophilic bacterial group. To test the usefulness of MLSA with these kinds of micro-organisms, the family Halomonadaceae, which includes mainly halophilic bacteria, was chosen as a model. This family comprises ten genera with validly published names and 85 species of environmental, biotechnological and clinical interest. In some cases, the phylogenetic relationships between members of this family, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, are not clear and a deep phylogenetic analysis using several housekeeping genes seemed appropriate. Here, MLSA was applied using the 16S rRNA, 23S rRNA, atpA, gyrB, rpoD and secA genes for species of the family Halomonadaceae. Phylogenetic trees based on the individual and concatenated gene sequences revealed that the family Halomonadaceae formed a monophyletic group of micro-organisms within the order Oceanospirillales. With the exception of the genera Halomonas and Modicisalibacter, all other genera within this family were phylogenetically coherent. Five of the six studied genes (16S rRNA, 23S rRNA, gyrB, rpoD and secA) showed a consistent evolutionary history. However, the results obtained with the atpA gene were different; thus, this gene may not be considered useful as an individual gene phylogenetic marker within this family. The phylogenetic methods produced variable results, with those generated from the maximum-likelihood and neighbour-joining algorithms being more similar than those obtained by maximum-parsimony methods. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays an important evolutionary role in the family Halomonadaceae; however, the impact of recombination events in the phylogenetic analysis was minimized by concatenating the six loci, which agreed with the current taxonomic scheme for this family. Finally, the findings of this study also indicated that the 16S rRNA, gyrB and rpoD genes were the most suitable genes for future taxonomic studies using MLSA within the family Halomonadaceae.

scholarly journals Mycoplasma,Ureaplasma, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Fresh Look

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Larsen ◽  
Joseph Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Recent work on the Molicutes that associate with genital tract tissues focuses on four species that may be of interest in potential maternal, fetal, and neonatal infection and in contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes.Mycoplasma hominisandUreaplasma urealyticumhave historically been the subject of attention, butMycoplasma genitaliswhich causes male urethritis in addition to colonizing the female genital tract and the division ofUreaplasmainto two species,urealyticumandparvum, has also added new taxonomic clarity. The role of these genital tract inhabitants in infection during pregnancy and their ability to invade and infect placental and fetal tissue is discussed. In particular, the role of some of these organisms in prematurity may be mechanistically related to their ability to induce inflammatory cytokines, thereby triggering pathways leading to preterm labor. A review of this intensifying exploration of the mycoplasmas in relation to pregnancy yields several questions which will be important to examine in future research.

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis urogenital infections in patients with infertility. Results from a large cross-sectional study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Andrea Paira ◽  
Guillermo Molina ◽  
Andrea Daniela Tissera ◽  
Carolina Olivera ◽  
Rosa Isabel Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
Urogenital Infections

Abstract Female and male infertility have been associated to Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis urogenital infections. However, evidence from large studies assessing their prevalence and putative associations in patients with infertility is still needed. The study design was a cross-sectional study including 1554 female and 3610 male patients with infertility in Cordoba, Argentina. In women, the prevalence of C. trachomatis, U. urealyticum and M. hominis urogenital infection was 4.3%, 31.1% and 12.1% whereas in men it was 5.8%, 19.2% and 5.3%, respectively. C. trachomatis infection was significantly more prevalent in men whereas U. urealyticum and M. hominis infections were more prevalent in women. Besides, C. trachomatis and U. urealyticum infections were significantly higher patients younger than 25 years. Moreover, U. urealyticum and M. hominis infections were associated to each other in either infertile women or men. Our data revealed that C. trachomatis, U. urealyticum and M. hominis are prevalent uropathogens in infertile patients. Of clinical importance, C. trachomatis and U. urealyticum infections were more prevalent in young patients whereas U. urealyticum and M. hominis are reciprocal risk factors of their co-infection. These results highlight the importance of including the screening of urogenital infections in the diagnostic workup of infertility.

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