scholarly journals DRY COW ANTIMICROBIALS USE TO CONTROL MASTITIS IN NORTHERN ALGERIA

SPERMOVA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-158
Author(s):  
Mohamed Walid Hamlaoui ◽  
◽  
Ahmed Hadef ◽  
Fawzi Rostane Meklati ◽  
Imane Bital
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Crucial Step ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Northern Algeria ◽  
Risk Practices ◽  
The One

The control of mastitis is a crucial step in the preparation of the next lactation in dairy cows. In order to assess the practices and attitudes surrounding the use of antimicrobials at dry-off, a survey was conducted among veterinary practitioners in fifteen provinces of Northern Algeria. The results revealed that 45.95% of the farms followed by the respondents were rather small in size comprising about ten cows per farm and that a large majority of the farmers practised gradual drying off (72.97%) without adjusting the feed ration (70.27%) to this stage. Antibiotic dry cow therapy (DCT) was a common practice and selectively performed in 86.49% of cases regardless of udder health status. Cefalexin was the most infused intra-mammary (IMM) antibiotic (40.54%), while tylosin was the one favoured for parenteral administration (48.15%). Analysis of factors influencing the antibiotic DCT efficacy showed that a frequent (13.51%) occurrence of new intramammary infections (IMIs) was related to farmers’ attitudes (self-medication) and the policy of blanket DCT. Although the use of a teat sealant was uncommon (71.43%) in the farming traditions, the substitution of antibiotics seems to be a plausible prospect, since the majority of participants (89.19%) agreed with the implementation of aromatherapy concept at dry-off, mainly as a complement to antibiotics. This survey gives an overview of risk practices regarding mastitis management in northern Algeria. Hence, further zootechnical, veterinary and organizational efforts need to be made to promote animal production and welfare as well as public health through improved udder health.

Managing dry cow udder health

2021 ◽  
pp. 231-264
Author(s):  
Päivi J. Rajala-Schultz ◽  
◽  
Tariq Halasa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Risk Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cow Comfort ◽  
Crucial Part

The dry period lays a foundation for a successful next lactation, especially from the udder health perspective. It is a high-risk period for acquiring new intramammary infections (IMI), but it also provides an excellent opportunity for eliminating existing subclinical infections. The way cows are dried off and milking is halted at the end of lactation impacts the involution process, mammary health and cow comfort. Antibiotic dry cow therapy (DCT) has played a crucial part in mastitis control, but due to global concerns about increasing antibiotic resistance, the approach to DCT is evolving. This chapter reviews the current knowledge about the impact of milk cessation methods (abrupt vs. gradual dry-off) on mammary involution, udder health and cow comfort. The importance of dry cow therapy is discussed, especially in the light of current global concerns related to antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Risk factors for new intramammary infections during the dry period in untreated dairy cows from herds using selective dry cow therapy

animal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Robert ◽  
P. Roussel ◽  
N. Bareille ◽  
D. Ribaud ◽  
F. Sérieys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy

scholarly journals Health Constraints and Farm Management Factors Influencing Udder Health of Dairy Cows in Malawi

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanly Fon Tebug ◽  
Gilson R. Njunga ◽  
Mizeck G. G. Chagunda ◽  
Steffi Wiedemann
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Management Factors

Relation between intravascular electrolyte level and course of parturition in dairy cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (05) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Seyrek-Intas ◽  
K. Failing ◽  
G. Yilmazbas Mecitoglu ◽  
H. Bostedt ◽  
D. Seyrek-Intas
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
P Values ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Electrolyte Homeostasis ◽  
Convalescence Phase

Summary Objective: To determine the intravascular electrolyte status in dairy cows with respect to age and different courses of parturition to clarify etiological factors influencing peri- or intrapartal imbalances of electrolyte homeostasis. Material and methods: A total of 64 cows at birth were evaluated (primiparous n = 34, pluriparous n = 30). Thirty-three cows showed normal delivery, while 31 cows had a complicated birth. Blood samples were collected intra partum (i. p.) and 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 h post partum (p. p.) as well as [2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10 days p. p. and levels of total calcium (Catotal), ionized calcium (Caion), inorganic phosphate (Pa), Mg, Na, K, Cl were determined. Results: The results revealed that electrolytes show great fluctuation during and immediately p. p. in relation to age. Already during parturition pluriparous cows had a lower Catotal and Pa concentration compared to primiparous animals. Cows with dystocia exhibited a more intensive and longer lasting decrease of Ca compared to cows with normal birth. In relation to age and severity of birth Pa concentration showed a differing but basically typical course for this electrolyte. Mg, Na, K and Cl concentrations were higher during and immediately after birth compared to p. p. values. Until day 10 p. p. these electrolyte concentrations declined more in older cows with dystocia compared to younger animals. However, the influence of dystocia on concentration of these electrolytes was milder in contrast to Ca and Pa. Conclusions: In summary, primarily older cows are predisposed to imbalances of electrolyte homeostasis intra partum and at the beginning of the lactation. These changes are potentiated in case of complications during parturition. Intravascular Catotal, Caion as well as Pa are most severely affected. Clinical relevance: These results may constitute the basis for a comprehensive metaphylaxis during the peripartal period, especially in cows after dystocia, to positively influence the early convalescence phase.

scholarly journals Infrared thermography: A potential noninvasive tool to monitor udder health status in dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sathiyabarathi ◽  
S. Jeyakumar ◽  
A. Manimaran ◽  
G. Jayaprakash ◽  
Heartwin A. Pushpadass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Udder Health

scholarly journals FARMERS’ KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF MASTITIS IN DAIRY COWS AT SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
M. A. Rahman ◽  
Y. A. Sarker ◽  
M. M. Parvej ◽  
A. Parvin ◽  
M. A. Rimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Village Doctor ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Antiseptic Solution ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Source Of Infection

The research work was designed to assess farmers’ knowledge, attitude and practices about bovine mastitis. The data were collected by using structured questionnaire through face to face interview techniques among the 65 dairy farmers of Dhaka, Mymensingh, and Gazipur.  Disproportionate stratified random sampling was used to select the farmers based on study areas. Most of the studied farms are small (75.4%) in the studied area, only a few (10.8%) farms were large in Dhaka. In Gazipur and Mymensingh almost (86.2%) firms were small and rest of (13.8%) was medium. According to farmer’s knowledge, major cause of mastitis was microorganisms (46.15%), but 20% farmer reported that it is due to injury and 27.69% farmer don’t know the causes of the mastitis. Most of the farmers (87.7%) think that the source of infection is unhygienic floor, but others have no clear conception about it. Before milking only 23.10% farmers’ wash the whole udder where 58.5% used single towel. About 76.9% farmers have no knowledge of screening mastitis and only 9.2% of total farmers performed regular mastitis checking. Among the farmers, 55.4% are used antiseptic solution during washing the floor and others wash their floor only by water. Highest number of farmer use Tube well water (44.6%) for daily management of their farms. Most of the farmer takes suggestions from village doctor or pharmaceutical representative (64.62%) for maintaining the diseases condition. This study recommends that identification of factors associated with sub-clinical mastitis will help to take necessary steps to reduce the prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis. The most effective way to control sub-clinical mastitis is to take preventive measures such as regular cleaning of the floor, keeping the udder clean, milkman's cleanliness, and dry cow therapy especially in high yielding dairy cows.

Evaluation of the udder health status in subclinical mastitis affected dairy cows through bacteriological culture, somatic cell count and thermographic imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bortolami ◽  
E. Fiore ◽  
M. Gianesella ◽  
M. Corrò ◽  
S. Catania ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Bacteriological Culture ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Thermographic Imaging

Abstract Subclinical mastitis in dairy cows is a big economic loss for farmers. The monitoring of subclinical mastitis is usually performed through Somatic Cell Count (SCC) in farm but there is the need of new diagnostic systems able to quickly identify cows affected by subclinical infections of the udder. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential application of thermographic imaging compared to SCC and bacteriological culture for infection detection in cow affected by subclinical mastitis and possibly to discriminate between different pathogens. In this study we evaluated the udder health status of 98 Holstein Friesian dairy cows with high SCC in 4 farms. From each cow a sample of milk was collected from all the functional quarters and submitted to bacteriological culture, SCC and Mycoplasma spp. culture. A thermographic image was taken from each functional udder quarter and nipple. Pearson’s correlations and Analysis of Variance were performed in order to evaluate the different diagnostic techniques. The most frequent pathogen isolated was Staphylococcus aureus followed by Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS), Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus agalactiae and others. The Somatic Cell Score (SCS) was able to discriminate (p<0.05) cows positive for a pathogen from cows negative at the bacteriological culture except for cows with infection caused by CNS. Infrared thermography was correlated to SCS (p<0.05) but was not able to discriminate between positive and negative cows. Thermographic imaging seems to be promising in evaluating the inflammation status of cows affected by subclinical mastitis but seems to have a poor diagnostic value.

Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing grass and clover

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 51-51
Author(s):  
S.M. Rutter ◽  
R.J. Orr ◽  
P.D. Penning ◽  
N.H. Yarrow ◽  
R.A. Champion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Considerable Progress ◽  
Dietary Preference ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Grazing Sheep

The development of grazing management strategies to optimise nutrient intake from grazed herbage requires an understanding of the factors influencing the dietary preference of grazing domestic ruminants. Although there has been considerable progress in understanding the factors influencing the dietary preference of grazing sheep, there has been comparatively little research with lactating dairy cows (Rutter et al., 1997). The aim of the experiment reported here was to study the dietary preference of lactating dairy cows grazing grass and clover.

Cycles in symbol production? A new model to explain concentration, diversity and innovation in the music industry

Popular Music ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Christianen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recording Industry ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
New Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One

With the publication of the article ‘Cycles in symbol production’ (Peterson and Berger 1975) a discussion started concerning the advantages and disadvantages of the production of cultural goods under market conditions. The analysis by Peterson and Berger showed a negative correlation between concentration in the recording industry, on the one hand, and the diversity and innovativeness of the music, on the other. Repetition of the analysis using data from the 1980s (Burnett 1990; Lopes 1992) has shown that for this period Peterson and Berger's hypotheses should be rejected. Is there a connection between concentration and diversity and innovation? Are there cycles in symbol production? There seems to be no conclusive answer. In this article, I will attempt to clear up this matter. First, I will repeat the analysis of the relation between concentration and diversity/innovation, using the same model as Peterson and Berger, but with different definitions for the variables concentration, diversity and innovation. Then I will suggest a new model, which can be helpful in uncovering other factors influencing diversity and innovation in the music industry. I will come to that later. Let me first give the reader a brief overview of previous research.

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