scholarly journals TEST RESULTS FOR CLONES OF GARLIC

2018 ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
B. S. Salomov ◽  
M. H. Aramov
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Almost All

A large number of forms and varieties of garlic created in the selection process allowed this culture to spread almost all over the world: in temperate regions, in subtropics and even in tropical regions. Currently, the world's acreage of garlic is 1.438 million hectares, the average yield is 16.9 tons per hectare, the gross yield is 24.255 million tons. The largest producers of garlic are China, India, South Korea and Egypt. The highest yield was recorded in Uzbekistan, Egypt, China, Tadjikistan. In Uzbekistan, it is grown everywhere, mainly on household plots and small areas in farms. In the republic, varieties of garlic are South-violet (1972) and May VIR (1978). Since 2004, the Surkhandarya Scientific Experimental Station of the VegetableMelon Crops and Potato Research Institute has been conducting selection work to create new varieties of garlic. As a result of the research, the Chidamli variety was introduced and, since 2016, introduced into the State Register. All zoned varieties belong to the group of autumn-sprouting varieties. In 2011- 2015, about 100 promising clones of garlic were evaluated in the south of Uzbekistan. The effectiveness of selection for the size of bulbs and teeth is revealed. Clones with a mass of bulbs and teeth are isolated. Clones with a bulb weight of more than 80 g and a tooth mass of more than 6 g are distinguished. They are a valuable source for the creation of high-yielding varieties of garlic in Uzbekistan.

scholarly journals Optimal nutritional area for garlic seed plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-78
Author(s):  
B. S. Salomov ◽  
M. H. Aramov ◽  
T. T. Ramazonov ◽  
I. M. Normuminov
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All

Relevance. A large number of forms and varieties of garlic created in the selection process allowed this culture to spread almost all over the world: in temperate regions, in subtropics and even in tropical regions. Currently, the world's acreage of garlic is 1.438 million hectares, the average yield is 16.9 tons per hectare, the gross yield is 24.255 million tons. The largest producers of garlic are China, India, South Korea and Egypt. The highest yield was recorded in Uzbekistan, Egypt, China, Tadjikistan. In Uzbekistan, it is grown everywhere, mainly on household plots and small areas in farms. In the republic, varieties of garlic are South-violet (1972) and May VIR (1978). Material and methods. Since 2004, the Surkhandarya Scientific Experimental Station of the Vegetable Melon Crops and Potato Research Institute has been conducting selection work to create new varieties of garlic. As a result of the research, the Chidamli variety was introduced and, since 2016, introduced into the State Register. All zoned varieties belong to the group of autumn-sprouting varieties. The purpose of this research is to determine the optimal nutritional area for seed plants of garlic in elite seed production. The object of research was the garlic variety Chidamli. Results. During organization of elite seed рroduction, planting of clovers on pattern (40+15+15) x l0 sm, (40+10+10+10) x l0 sm was considered acceptable. Big and qualitatative bulbs and clovers were got bu this planting pattern. Yielding capacity was 24,4-26,2 t/ha, average weight of bulbs 63-66 g, clovers number 13,0 pcs., average weight of clovers 4,5-4,7 g. 

scholarly journals Phytochemical Potential and Inhibitory Properties of New Varieties of Leguminous Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Анна Вебер ◽  
Anna Veber ◽  
Светлана Леонова ◽  
Svetlana Leonova ◽  
Фирзинат Давлетов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

New varieties of leguminous plants expand the range and improve the quality of healthy food products. The new legumes meet the requirements of modern food production. In addition, they demonstrate low inhibitory properties and possess a high phytochemical potential. Domestic non-GM peas and beans have a high nutritional and biological value; they are cheap, highly profitable, and can be produced in large volumes. Thus, they have a high potential for expanding the raw material base of the food industry. The Republic of Bashkortostan is the leader in pea production: the State Register of Breeding Achievements contains over 10 varieties cultivated by Bashkir scientists. Researchers of the Omsk State Agrarian University have created high-yielding varieties of beans with improved consumer qualities that are adapted to Siberian environment. However, the qualitative indicators of the new varieties remain understudied. The present research expands the raw material base for the production of healthy and functional foods with the new legumes adapted to the conditions of West Siberia and the Urals. The study features the characteristics of legumes of Siberian and Ural ecotype, which helps to expand the information database on the phytochemical potential of the new varieties. The beans were provided by the Omsk State Agrarian University, the peas – by the Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture (harvest of 2018). The main objectives of the study were to determine the indicators that form the nutritional and biological value of the raw materials: protein content, dietary fiber, the presence and quantity of macro and microelements, enzymes, and trypsin inhibitor, also during germination.

The basic technological components of growing and harvesting of grain of spring wheat in Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan

10.12737/1386 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
Сержанов ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Шайхутдинов ◽  
Farit Shaykhutdinov ◽  
Майоров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yields

The potential of spring wheat varieties, included in the state register list and recommended for cultivation in the Republic of Tatarstan, and the climatic conditions of the Republic allow to obtain the high yields in improving and implementing advanced technology of its cultivation. One of the main conditions for successful cultivation of spring wheat in the region is the proper selection of varieties. Nowadays the varieties with a relatively high resistance to drought, disease and pests, successfully competing with weeds, good usage of soil fertility and at the same time responsive to fertilizers are reclaimed. This approach is explained by the desire to reduce the grain production cost and for environmental management, taking into account environmental constraints. The use of natural resources and the adaptive properties of growing varieties offers in-depth assessment of soil and climatic conditions up to the micro-level, i.e. for each farm, field, land and a thorough study of the features and capabilities of varieties. Only in this way it can be reasonably implement zoning varieties, depending on the situation, even pick up for small areas of two or three suitable varieties of quite a large number of cases in the region. What is important now is another question - how feasible to get the grain of spring wheat with good baking qualities in practice in different agro-climatic zones of the Republic. A major role in this belongs to varieties, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, post-harvest grain handling and other factors. As for the Republic of Tatarstan, the study of comprehensive evaluation of several previously recommended for cultivation and some new varieties of spring wheat wasn’t conducted. Taking into account the knowledge base of questions, in this study the task was to conduct a comprehensive comparative evaluation of spring wheat varieties for specific climatic conditions of the zone, based on observations, surveys and analyzes to evaluate the studied varieties of spring wheat and make appropriate recommendations.

The use of natural conditions of the high alpine province of Dagestan for reproduction of prospective varieties and hybrids of potato

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
В.К. Сердеров ◽  
Д.В. Сердерова
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Caspian Lowland ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mountain Province

Большое значение в увеличении продуктивности картофеля имеет внедрение в производство перспективных высокоурожайных сортов и гибридов, приспособленных к местным природно-климатическим условиям возделывания, от чего зависят эффективность отрасли и себестоимость продукции. Цель работы – изучить влияние климатических условий на продуктивность и качественные показатели сортов и гибридов картофеля, а также использование ими благоприятных почвенно-климатических условий высокогорья Республики Дагестан, для размножения и внедрения в производство новых перспективных, высокоурожайных, приспособленных к условиям среды выращивания сортов картофеля с комплексом хозяйственно-ценных признаков. Объектом изучения послужили сорта картофеля раннего, среднераннего и среднего сроков созревания российской, белорусской и иностранной селекции. Полевые опыты закладывали в 2014–2017 годах на высоте 2000–2200 м, на землях горного опорного пункта «Курахский» Курахского района и на равнинной провинции (Прикаспийской низменности) на территории дачного массива «Наука» Махачкалинского района Республики Дагестан. Схема посадки – 70×30 см, повторность – четырехкратная. Технология выращивания картофеля – гребневая. При проведении полевых опытов использовали общепринятые методики. Практически все сорта картофеля, выращенные на равнинной провинции, сформировали высокий урожай в первый год и при дальнейшем размножении в результате развития вирусных болезней резко снизили свои продуктивные качества. Наиболее высокая урожайность в среднем за три года отмечена у сортов Жуковский ранний (20,8 т/га), Импала (20,5 т/га), Невский (17,8 т/га), Предгорный (16,9 т/га) и Удача (16,3 т/га). В свою очередь, горная провинция Дагестана характеризовалась благоприятными почвенно-климатическими условиями для возделывания как продовольственного картофеля, так и для организации первичного семеноводства на безвирусной основе и размножения перспективных сортов этой культуры. В среднем за годы исследований в горной провинции по урожайности выделились сорта Сильвана (37,4 т/га), Удача (37,6 т/га), Рокко (33,3 т/га), Импала (31,7 т/га), Жуковский ранний (29,0 т/га), Предгорный (27,7 т/га) и Примобелла (27,7 т/га), а также гибриды № 12.40/17 (43,1 т/га) и № 13.61/61 (38,8 т/га). The introduction of promising high-yielding varieties and hybrids adapted to the local natural and climatic conditions of cultivation is of great importance in increasing the productivity of potatoes, which determines the efficiency of the industry and the cost of production. The aim of the work is to study the influence of climatic conditions on the productivity and quality indicators of potato varieties and hybrids, as well as their use of favorable soil and climatic conditions in the highlands of the Republic of Dagestan, for breeding and introducing into production new promising, high-yielding, adapted to the growing environment of potato varieties with a complex of economically valuable characteristics. The object of the study was potato varieties of early, mid-early and medium maturation periods of Russian, Belarusian and foreign selection. Field experiments were conducted in 2014–2017 at an altitude of 2000–2200 m, on the lands of the mountain stronghold Kurakhsky of the Kukhar district and on the plain province (the Caspian lowland) on the territory of the suburban area Nauka of the Makhachkala district of the Republic of Dagestan. The landing scheme is 70×30 cm, the repeatability is four times. The technology of growing potatoes is combed. When conducting field experiments, generally accepted methods were used. Almost all potato varieties grown in the lowland province formed a high yield in the first year and, with further propagation, as a result of the development of viral diseases, sharply reduced their productive qualities. The highest yield on average for three years was observed in the varieties Zhukovskiy ranniy (20.8 t/ha), Impala (20.5 t/ha), Nevsky (17.8 t/ha), Predgornyy (16.9 t/ha) and Udacha (16.3 t/ha). In turn, the mountain province of Dagestan was characterized by favorable soil and climatic conditions for the cultivation of both food potatoes, and for the organization of primary seed production on a virus-free basis and the reproduction of promising varieties of this crop. On average, over the years of research in the mountain province, the varieties Silvana (37.4 t/ha), Udacha (37.6 t/ha), Rocco (33.3 t/ha), Impala (31.7 t/ha), Zhukovskiy ranniy (29.0 t/ha), Predgornyy (27.7 t/ha) and Primobella (27.7 t/ha), as well as hybrids No.12.40/17 (43.1 t/ha) and No.13.61/61 (38.8 t/ha) were distinguished by yield.

scholarly journals Brahispina – hereditary anomaly reducing the fertility of cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
M. E. Mikhailova ◽  
A. I. Kireeva ◽  
E. L. Romanishko
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Bovine Fertility ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Embryonic Death

Aim. Rigid selection for a limited number of signs of productivity and the use of artificial insemination of cows relatively small number of the best bulls-producers led to a decrease in genetic variability. The study of the genetic structure of the golshtinized cattle population for the FANCI gene, which determines the development of Brachispinal Syndrome (BY), is relevant for the development of livestock breeding in the Republic of Belarus. The negative influence of this recessive genetic defect in the homozygous state leads to embryonic death or calf death in the early postembryonic period. Therefore, the hereditary brachispinal anomaly refers to the haplotype of HHO fertility. Methods. The material is DNA extracted from biological samples of animal tissues (blood, pinch of an ear). The studies were carried out using molecular genetic methods: PCR, sequencing. Results. 325 cattle were screened for mutation сarriers (HH0 (BY) fertility haplotypes). The frequency of carriers of mutations of the FANCI gene associated with bovine fertility in Belarus (HH0 (BYC)) is 3.38 %. Conclusions. Animals-carriers of the mutation are excluded from the selection process. In the future, it is necessary to strictly control the quality of imported pedigree products (material) to the Republic of Belarus.Keywords: haplotypes, fertility, mutations carriers, Brachyspina.

The genes of reproductive system of Сapsicum genus and the search for ways of their application in conditions of covered soil in Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
V. Kravchenko ◽  
T. Stepenko
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Genes ◽  
World Collection ◽  
The World ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Recessive Mutant ◽  
Mutant Genes

Pepper (Capsicum genus) is one of the most important vegetables and spices in the world. There is constant work in studying the genetics of pepper. New genes and genetic markers are discovered, previously discovered ones are studied in a fi ner detail. Aim. The aim of this work was to describe and systematize currently known genes of the reproductive system of Capsicum genus plants and to highlight the issue of using recessive mutant genes in the selection process while creating new varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper. Methods. The world collection of sweet pepper, current varieties and hybrids of different countries, our own selection material was used to classify reproductive genes in the selective studies. The experiments were conducted in conditions of plastic and glass greenhouses according to modern methods. Results. The data obtained were systematized into the following groups of genes: functional and genetic sterility, cytoplasmic male sterility, fertility restora- tion, female fertility and the ones, responsible for fl owering processes. A part of described genes may be used in heterosis plant breeding and while creating the original initial material. The examples of using recessive mutant genes while creating new varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper were presented along with their short characteristics. New varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper were introduced into the State register of varieties of plants, suitable for growing in Ukraine. Conclusions. The characterized genes may be used in genetic and selection studies. A number of new commercial varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper were created using reces- sive mutant genes.

scholarly journals MEADOW CLOVER SELECTION FOR THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTH FOREST-STEPPE AND FLOODPLAIN THE CENTRAL BLACK EARTH REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Сергей Сапрыкин ◽  
Sergey Saprykin ◽  
Иосиф Иванов ◽  
Iosif Ivanov ◽  
Раиса Лабинская ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
New Variety ◽  
State Register ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Better Than

For forage production of the Central Black-Earth Region clover is important. This crop can be effectively used in field crop rotations, to improve natural forage lands and to create cultural hayfields and pastures. Clover meadow has high feed advantages, allowing to fill the protein deficiency, is able to produce good yields, better than alfalfa grows on slightly acidic soils. For the most complete realization of the potential of clover it is necessary to create high-yielding two-cut varieties of meadow clover, which have good winter hardiness and drought resistance, have time to ripen for seeds in the second mowing and adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the region. The article presents the results of more than 10 years of selection work to create a new variety of meadow clover Voronezhskiy. The variety was created by the method of polycross progeny of the best varieties of populations with a heterogeneous genetic nature, with high and stable heterosis, which were isolated from promising collection samples, followed by biotypic selection. The characteristics of the variety are given and the test results are given at in State varietal plots in a number of regions of the Central Black Earth Region. The new variety is better adapted to the changing climatic conditions of the region. In 2015, the Voronezhskiy clover variety was included in the State Register for the Central Black Earth (5) Region. Testing continues in the Volga-Vyatka and Middle Volga regions.

scholarly journals Non-drug hemp, as a new variety of Cannabis sativa L. convar. non-narcotic Vyrovets

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
V. H. Vyrovets ◽  
I. M. Layko ◽  
L. M. Horshkova ◽  
S. V. Mishchenko ◽  
G. I. Kirichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Creation ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
High Yields ◽  
First Time

Aim. In the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, there were significant changes in the hemp growing that affected the improvement of morphological, biological and economic properties, by providing the opportunity, on the example of new varieties, to declare the creation of a new subset of sown hemp in which the main achievements of breeders and seedlings were accumulated. Methods. With the creation of the Institute of Bast Crops, scientific breeding has begun, based on improved and developed new breeding methods that include several significant steps as increasing of the yield of created monoecious form, as the elimination of their narcotic properties. Results. For the first time in the world, non-drug hemp that can produce high yields of straw, fiber and seeds while maintaining immunity to damage to pests and diseases were created. Conclusions. Responding to the doubts of tax of collectors and botanists about the classification of the hemp family, we share the opinion of the first scientists and our teachers that include Cannabis sativa L. and Cannabis indica L. to one species of Cannabis sativa L., combining all kinds and varieties. The elimination of a number of high-yielding varieties of non-drug monoecious hemp, which became the result of long-term breeding, testifies the creation of a new variety of Cannabis sativa L. convar non-narcotic Vyrovets, emphasizing the leadership and executive role of Professor V. Vyrovets during a long selection process. Keywords: hemp, genus, variety, geographical types, selection, productivity, elimination of narcotic.

scholarly journals DIRECTIONS AND RESULTS OF PLANT BREEDING WORK REGARDING SHALLOT (ALLIUM ASCALONICUML.)UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE MOSCOW REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
T.M. Seredin ◽  
◽  
V.V. Shumilina ◽  
S.V. Zharkova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
State Register ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Almost All

Onion crops and their beneficial properties have been known for centuries. The biological characteristics of onion crops allow using their fresh green mass and bulbs almost all year round. Onion crops overwinter well, grow in early spring and are used at a time when no other crop yet pro-duces from open ground. One of the most common onion species today is the shallot (Allium ascalonicumL.). Varie-ties are needed for the successful introduction of the shal-lot into the production process or for cultivation in the gar-den. At present, 65 shallot varieties have been entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use. Taking into account that the crop is diverse in its mor-phological structure, response to growing conditions and the ability to realize its biological potential, the plant breed-ers do a lot of work on selecting promising material and development of varieties for specific cultivation regions. The goal of this research was to study the shallot collection nursery regarding the main economically valuable traits under the conditions of the Moscow Region, to identify promising forms and develop new varieties on their basis. The study was conducted from 2017 through 2019 in the Moscow Region at the Federal Scientific Center of Vegeta-ble Crop Productionon the experimental plot of the Labora-tory of Onion Crop Breeding and Seed Production. The research targets were 80 shallot candidate varieties of var-ious ecological and geographical origins. In our study, the response of the candidate varieties to growing conditions varied significantly. The shallot is cultivated to obtain green onion and bulbs. Of all the varieties under the study, 10 varieties significantly out-yielded the standard variety Yashma (16.6 t ha) in terms of bulbs. The maximum yield of bulbs was obtained from the Zolotaya Zvezda variety -21.3 t ha; this variety exceeded the value of the standard by 46.4%. The findings obtained by studying the shallot collection material regarding the main economically valua-ble traits made it possible to identify the promising forms that may be used in further breeding work as genetic sources for developing new varieties.

Селекция и семеноводство картофеля в Камчатском крае

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Ryakhovskaya ◽  
T.P. Sherstyukova ◽  
M.L. Gamolina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
The State ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
State Register ◽  
Region Selection ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Selection Of

Рассмотрены агроклиматические условия Камчатского края и лимитирующие факторы, сдерживающие рост урожайности картофеля. Приведены характеристики новых сортов картофеля селекции Камчатского НИИСХ созданных в соответствии с приоритетными для региона направлениями селекции, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ и охраняемых патентами.Agroclimatic conditions of the Kamchatka Krai and limiting factors that restrain the growth of potato yield are considered. The characteristics of new varieties of potatoes of the selection of the Kamchatsky RIA are created in accordance with the priority for the region selection areas included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation and protected by patents.

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