scholarly journals ​Study of the Zootechnical Performance of Tilapia cabrae and Oreochromis schwebischi in a Controlled Environment: The Case of the Mbolet Fish Farm in Lambaréné, Gabon

Author(s):  
A.I. Toure ◽  
G.C. Zougou Tovignon ◽  
F.C. Ngansop Nono ◽  
Ngwarh Perpetua Tuncha ◽  
D. Obame Mba ◽  
...  

Background: The study of the zootechnical performance of Tilapia cabrae and Oreochromis schwebischi was carried out at the Mbolet fish farm in Lambaréné in Gabon in order to evaluate the growth and reproductive performance of these two species. Methods: For this purpose, 226 fish (113 of T. cabrae with an average weight of 30.55±9.5 g and 113 O. schwebischi with an average weight of 20.64±10.5 g), were distributed in four 6 m2 tanks with two replicates per species for the growing phase which lasted 60 days. For the reproductive phase, 42 selected mature fish, including 6 males and 36 females of each species, were placed in six 2 m2 ponds with three replicates per species for 78 days. Result: The survival rate, the number of reproductions per species and the absolute, relative and system productivities were determined. It was found that the average weight gain, daily individual growth and specific growth rate were significantly (p less than 0.05) higher in T. cabrae, 48.1±5.51 g, 0.8±0.092 g/day and 1.57±0.066% g/day respectively, than in O. schwebischi, 27.11±9.23 g, 0.45±0.15 g/day and 1.38±0.051% g/day respectively. At the end of reproduction, the absolute productivity of T. cabrae (234.75±24.71 larvae/female/egg-laying) was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than that of O. schwebichi (104.68±46.64 larvae/female/laying). System productivity was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in O. schwebichi (11.34±2.29 larvae/m2/day) compared to that of T. cabrae (4.12±1.73 larvae/m2/day). Thus, on a fish farm, the use of these species may be possible.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Paul Mamadou Ndour ◽  
Jean Fall ◽  
Abdoulaye Loum ◽  
Saloum Jatta ◽  
Mariama Sagne ◽  
...  

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of plant-based food additives on growth performance, body composition and survival of Nile tilapia. Four isonitrogenous (25% CP) and isolipidic (13% CL) experimental diets were prepared and designated as R1, R2, R3, and R4. R1 contains (3% Cymbopogon citratus), R2 contains (3% Ocimum basilicum), R3 contains (3% Mentha spicata) and R4 (control or 0% additive). 180 Nile tilapia fry with an initial average weight of 0.2g were distributed in 12 plastic tanks (50 L/tank) at the stocking density of 15 fish per tank in an isolated system. Fish were fed with experimental diets 3 times per day (8:00 am, 1:00 pm and 5 :00 pm) for 3 months. After 90 days of experiment, the results revealed that the final average weight ranged from 2.62g to 8.00g, the absolute average weight gain (AAWG) from 2.42 to 7.8g, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) from 1.31 to 2.67 and specific growth rate (SGR) from 3.06 to 4.36%/d. The survival rate (SR) varied between 64 and 100%. Of the parameters studied such as the absolute average weight gain (AAWG), the specific growth rate (SGR), the feed conversion ratio (FCR), and the survival rate, the best were obtained by the group of fish fed with the R2 diet containing 3% Ocimum basilicum. The results of the analysis of the flesh showed that the addition of 3% O. basilicum does not modify the contents of dry matter, crude protein, and ash but slightly increased the fat content. Based on the results, the inclusion of natural plant-based food additive (3% Ocimum basilicum) in the diet of Nile tilapia improved the parameters of growth, feed efficiency, and survival.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Y. AKEGBEJO-SAMSONS ◽  
O. AKINNUSI

The effects of the population density of adult African, giant land snail, Archachatina marginata on the egg-laying capacity and the growth of the brooders and hatchlings were investigated for 9 months. Ten culture pens were stocked with snails at 20%, 40%, 50%, 80% and 100% capacity with each group in 2 replicates. Average weight gain of brooders was highest in pens stocked at 40% population density while the lowest was in pen stocked at 100%. Average number of eggs laid per snail and average number of eggs per pen followed the same trend in the study. The highest average number of eggs laid per pen was obtained in pens stocked at 60% population density (586) while the least was from pens at 20% population density. The result was the same for the average number of eggs laid per snail i.e. 7.5 eggs in pens stocked at 60% and 4.1 eggs in pens stocked at 20%. There was no significant difference in the weights of hatchlings in the different pens.


BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 574-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonnia N. Musyoka ◽  
David M. Liti ◽  
Eric O. Ogello ◽  
Paul Meulenbroek ◽  
Herwig Waidbacher

Agro-industrial wastes pose great economic and environmental hazards, while the economic success of aquaculture is threatened by the unsustainability of fishmeal use. The aims of the present study were to bio-convert agro-industrial wastes through vermicomposting, and then evaluate the potential of the by-products in promoting aquaculture nutrition. Coffee husks (CH), barley wastes (BW), and kitchen wastes (KW) were pre-composted and inoculated with earthworms, Eisenia fetida, and then vermicomposted for 70 days under a controlled environment. The vermicomposting by-products, i.e., earthworms and vermicast, were amalgamated in the ratio of 1:5 into bedding and then analyzed. There were neither earthworm mortalities nor significant difference (P>0.05) in cocoons produced by E. fetid in all treatments. The earthworms grown in KW attained the highest average weight gain of 27.8±0.7g, followed by CH (24.9±0.6g) and BW (24.8±0.7g). Earthworms grown in CH and BW had significantly higher (P<0.05) nutritional attributes. All experimental wastes produced vermicast with carbon and nitrogen ratios within the preferred agronomic limit of 20. The nutritional profile of the BW bedding was comparable with that of Caridina nilotica meal and was within the recommended dietary requirements of fish. The wastes can be bio-converted through vermicomposting into various forms appropriate for providing aquaculture nutrition.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
MH Mithun ◽  
I Rashid ◽  
MA Salam ◽  
MJ Alam

Influence of three cage shapes viz (i) rectangular ii) square, and (iii) circular on growth and production of Mystus cavasius (local name: gulsha) was studied in earthen pond conditions for a period of 120 days. Each of nine cages, which were made of polyethylene nets, had same internal area (1.80 m3) and stocked with M. cavasius fry at the rate of 300 m-3, following a completely randomized design. Fishes were fed with a commercial floating pellet feed (Mega 002) initially at the rate of 25% of average body weight, with a gradual reduction to 8%. Significantly higher (P<0.05) average weight gain (AWG) of 13.49 ± 0.14 g, with specific growth rate (SGR) of 1.87% day-1, and the survival rate of 89.41% were recorded for gulsha reared in the circular cage compared to the other shapes. Rectangular and square cages resulted in a similar (P>0.05) AWG of 10.29 ± 0.10 and 10.43 ± 0.25 g with survival rate of 80 and 83.61%, respectively. A significantly higher (P<0.05) average total production of 4.05 ± 0.21 kg/m3 was obtained with circular cage compared to a similar production of 2.72 ± 0.28 and 3.08 ±0.29 kg/m3 (P>0.05) in rectangular and square cages, respectively. In case of lengthweight relationship (LWR), the coefficient of determination values (r2) was 0.86, 0.90, and 0.85 in square, circular and rectangular cages, respectively indicating a good linear regression between length and weight in circular cages than square and rectangular cages. Taken together, these results indicate that circular cage is the best for growth, survival and production of gulsha culture in pond condition. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2020) 24(2): 59-68


2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-286
Author(s):  
JOYANTA BIR ◽  
RIMU DAS ◽  
MD RONY GOLDER ◽  
SHIKDER SAIFUL ISLAM ◽  
PRIANKA PAUL ◽  
...  

The study was conducted to evaluate growth, survivability, and proximate composition of Lizaparsia at different salinities to adopt as a potential aquaculture species in salinity intruded coastal areas ofBangladesh. The experiment was carried out at laboratory conditions in rectangular tanks (25 L) with fivedifferent salinities viz. 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppt correspondingly considered as T1(control), T2, T3, T4 andT5. Fingerlings were collected from the Pashur river and stocked at 10 individual/25L tank. After 90 days ofculture period, growth was found significantly different among the treatments. Average weight gain washighest inT2 (1.76±0.19) and lowest inT5 (0.91±0.15). Interestingly survival rate was found 100(%) in alltreatment. Specific growth rate was 0.829±0.10, 1.162±0.14, 0.744±0.2, 0.736±0.10 and 0.605±0.15respectively in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5. Average daily gain was found higher in T1 (0.059± 0.006g/d),compared to other treatment. The average food conversion ratios were 0.78±0.06, 1±0.00, 0.69±0.06,0.78±0.22 and 1.035±0.25 in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 in five tanks, respectively. Better water qualityparameters were observed in T2. The temperature ranged from 28-30.3ºC, pH from 7.21-7.64, DO from5.01-5.68 ppm, hardness from 184.55-237.65mg/l and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) ranged from 0.52-0.85mg/l. No significant change was observed in the proximate composition of fish reared at different salinities.Finally, it could be concluded that L. parsia can tolerate a wide range of salinity and can be cultured even infreshwater, thus might be a potential species for coastal aquaculture.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Ayu Cyntya ◽  
Gunawan Widi Santosa ◽  
Endang Supriyantini ◽  
Sri Yulina Wulandari

Rumput laut merupakan tumbuhan yang tidak dapat dibedakan antara akar, batang dan daun, sehingga seluruh bagian tubuhnya disebut dengan thallus. Rumput laut Gracilaria sp. merupakan salah satu sumber daya laut yang mudah dibudidayakan, mempunyai nilai ekomonis penting dan mempunyai prospek pasar yang cerah, baik di dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Usaha budidaya rumput laut Gracilaria sp. perlu dilakukan guna meningkatkan produksinya. Rumput laut Gracilaria sp. memerlukan N dan P sebagai unsur hara makro yang digunakan untuk pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan rasio N:P yang berbeda terhadap laju pertumbuhan Gracilaria sp. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 perlakuan dan 1 kontrol, yang masing-masing ada 3 ulangan. Media pemeliharaan menggunakan air laut yang ditambah N:P dengan rasio yang berbeda, yaitu : A (Kontrol), B (6:1), C (6:2), D (6:3). Pencapaian berat rerata Gracilaria sp. selama 28 hari adalah sebagai berikut : A = 102,06 ± 0,04 g; B = 103,41 ± 0,57 g; C = 106,53 ± 0,66 g dan D = 108,28 ± 1,25 g. Pertumbuhan mutlak Gracilaria sp. yang dihasilkan selama penelitian adalah sebagai berikut : A = 2,06 ± 0,04 g;B = 3,41 ± 0,57 g; C = 6,53 ± 0,66 g; D = 8,28 ± 1,25 g. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik Gracilaria sp. yang dihasilkan selama penelitian, yaitu : A sebesar 0,07 ± 0,00 % berat (g) per hari; B sebesar 0,12 ± 0,02 % berat (g) per hari; C sebesar 0,23 ± 0,02 % berat (g) per hari dan D sebesar 0,28 ± 0,04 % berat (g) per hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan N:P dengan rasio yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik Gracilaria sp. (p < 0,01). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi rasio N:P dapat meningkatkan total biomassa dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik.   Seaweed is a plant which can not be distinguished between true roots, stalks and leaves, therefore its entire body is called a thallus. Gracilaria sp. is a seaweed which is relatively easy to cultivate, has high economical value and bright marketing prospect either in domestic or foreign markets. The effort to cultivate Gracilaria sp. needs to be done in order to increase the production. Seaweed Gracilaria sp. needs N and P as important macronutrients for its growth. This research aims to discover the effect of adding different N:P ratio towards Gracilaria sp. growth rate. The method used in this research was an experimental method with Completely Randomized Design. This research used three treatments and one control, each with three repetitions. The cultivation media was seawater with the addition of different N:P ratios, which were: A (Control), B (6:1), C (6:2) and D (6:3). The average weight of Gracilaria sp. for 28 days were as follows: A = 102,06 ± 0,04 g; B = 103,41 ± 0,57 g; C = 106,53 ± 0,66 g and D = 108,28 ± 1,25 g. The absolute growth of Gracilaria sp. during this research were: A = 2,06 ± 0,04 g;B = 3,41 ± 0,57 g; C = 6,53 ± 0,66 g; D = 8,28 ± 1,25 g. The specific growth rate for Gracilaria sp. during this research were: A = 0,07 ± 0,00 % weight (g) per day; B = 0,12 ± 0,02 % weight (g) per day; C = 0,23 ± 0,02 % weight (g) per day and D = 0,28 ± 0,04 % weight (g) per day. The result of this research showed that the addition of different N:P ratios caused a significant effect on the absolute growth and the spesific growth rate of Gracilaria sp. (p < 0,01). The higher concentratrion ratio of N:P given the higher either total biomassa and specific growth rate achieved.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 212-214
Author(s):  
Gerardo Rodríguez Quiroz

Organic acids, worms, and other high protein substances, containing most of the essential amino acids, have been proven to bean excellent food additive for fish and in aquaculture, especially for shrimp culture. The worm Eisenia foetida and vermicompost sub products have been used as a protein source because of their high protein content, between 50 and 67%; they have been included in experimental aquatic feeds, but their use is less known in shrimp culture and has not been tested as a food complement for shrimps. In this study, we added microcapsules with liquid vermicompost as a natural immune enhancer to stimulate disease resistance in shrimp, but they were used also as a complement in shrimp food to observe their survival and growth. Ground commercial shrimp food (CSF) with 40% protein was added to each of eight treatments as follows: A2:CSF+2% of cow manure microencapsulated liquid vermicompost (CMMLV); A3:CSF+3% of CMMLV; A5:CSF+5% of CMMLV; V2:CSF+2% cafeteria wastes microencapsulated liquid vermicompost (CWMLV); V3: CSF+3% CWMLV; V5: CSF+5% CWMLV; CNE:CSF + microencapsulated distilled water, and CN: CSF alone. Initial and average weight gain did not depict statistically significant differences among treatments, but there were significant differences in the specific growth rate and survival. The use of liquid vermicompost resulted in a plausible option to enhance shrimp nutrition. Further studies must be done to test how much shrimps can grow in a longer period and whether this additive can be an option to prevent shrimp diseases.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Doroshenko ◽  
S. O. Kostenko ◽  
P. V. Korol ◽  
A. M. Chepiha ◽  
O. V. Sydorenko ◽  
...  

The consequences of chimerization and its possible influence on the productivity of chimera offspring remain poorly understood. The objects of research were ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) of the Shanma (Shan partridge duck) and Shaoxing breeds kept at the Zhuji Guowei Poultry Development Co, Ltd, P.R.China. The study was conducted in the poultry genetics laboratory of the Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences on a duck farm of Zhejiang Generation Biological Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Zhejiang Province, PRC). To create chimeras of ducks, the method described by Aige-Gil, Simkiss, 1991; M.T. Tagirov, 2010 was used. Blastodiscs have been isolated from freshly hatched fertilized eggs using a filter paper ring. Shanma duck embryos have been used as recipients, and Shaoxing duck embryos, homozygous for plumage color gene allele (wild type), have been used as donors. Busulfan (SigmaAldrich, United States) have been used as a chemical agent that suppresses a division of primary germ cells (PGC) of recipient embryos. A hole in an eggshell (window) of recipients (Shanma breed) have been made between a blunt and sharp ends of eggs. (This reduced a distance between an injector and an embryo needle). The recipients havebeen incubated for 8–10 hours at a temperature of 38 °C. After recipient eggs incubation for 8 hours, the windows were opened in them. Busulfan was injected into the subgerminal cavity of the embryo with a micropipette (1.5–3 μl of liquid). After busulfan injection, the empty cavity was filled with culture medium (RPMI-1640) supplemented with antibiotics (ampicillin, streptomycin), the hole was closed by plastic wrap and adhesive tape. The eggs have been incubated at a reduced temperature (+32 °C) for 24 hours with the aim of prolong the duration of busulfan action on the PGC (primary germ cells). More than 50% of embryos have been died in the first 2–3 days (after an incubation start). Head and neck disorders have been observed in the 1.2% of embryos. Busulfan injection at a concentration of 300 ng per egg have been leads to 95.0–96.3% mortality of duck embryos, concentration of 150 ng per egg, a mortality rate of 33.3–75.3% have been observed, concentration to 75 ng led to 18.75–38.5% of embryonic mortality. Analysis of the age of puberty (laying of the first egg) indicates that the chimeras matured later. If in the control group the average age of puberty was 139 ± 9 days, in the group of chimeras - 148 ± 13 days. Thus, we can attest that in our experiment, the chimeras matured later than the control animals, which may be due to the effect of busulfan in the sterilization of recipient embryos. The average weight of ducks in the control group was lower, and the group itself was more consolidated. Thus, in the control ducks weighed 1422.40 ± 57.00 g, the chimeras 1608.80 ± 94.76 g. The advantage of live weight chimeras over the control group may be due to the fact that the control group consisted of recipients served by Shanma animals. Egg production of ducks for the entire study period was 87.5 ± 0.05 % (control) 79.5±0.12 % (busulfan). The weight of eggs of ducks of two groups for the entire period was 70.62±0.199 g (control) and 71.15±0.157 g (p˂0.001). The eggs morphometric parameters of the studied ducks groups were: the average values of egg length were 6.056±0.0564 cm (control) and 6.269±0.1341cm (busulfan); egg breadth were 4.520±0.0053 cm (control) and 4.529±0.004 cm (busulfan). There were no statistical intergroup differences in the morphometric parameters of the eggs of the studied groups. In fact, we obtained results similar to the previous ones, which concerned the egg production of daughters of drake chimeras.


Author(s):  
Lucian IONITA ◽  
Elena POPESCU-MICLOSANU ◽  
George NICA ◽  
Cornel Octavian PANA

The purposes of determining the influence of the light and sexing on growth performance and slaughter results atyoung quails from Balotesti population, was organized an experiment on 150 quails, betwen age of 28 and 70 days. The chicks were divided into two groups (control and experimental), and growth and slaughter performance were determined separately by sex. Have studied 2 lighting programs, a program of continous lighting with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (16 L + 8 N, control group) and a program with lighting with asymetric hours intervals with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (10L+2N+6L+6N, experimental group).Males and females from the experimental group were recorded average performance of growth high during the period 28 - 70 days. Live weight at age of 70 days was higher with 7.54 %, average weight gain was higher with 14.86 % and feed conversion rate was lower with 13.51 % at males from experimental group compared to males from the control group. Also, the live weight at the age of 70 days was higher with 18.09 %; average weight gain was higher with 35.12 %, while feed conversion rate was reduced with 30.08 % on females from the experimental group compared to females from the control group.The results of the slaughter at 70 days were superior in the caseof females from the both groups versus males. The average weight of the carcase was higher with 17.53 % in case of the females than that of males from the experimental group, and the carcase yield was 65.37 % at the females and 65.56 % for males. Also, the average weight of the carcase was higher with 5.08 % in case of females compared to that males from the control group, and the carcase yield was 64.20 % to females 66.70 % on males.Superior results recorded in the case of females and males from the experimental group recommended the program of lighting with asymmetric hours intervals in the growth of youth quail. Also, the higher slaughter results recorded in the case of females of the two groups recommended them in the meat production through a broiler of quail that combine advantages in the production of both males and females. 


Author(s):  
Adam Kraus ◽  
Lukáš Zita

The aim was to assess the internal and external quality of consumer eggs of egg‑laying hens of two selected genotypes depending on their age. All of these hens were kept in enriched cages. There were compared eggs from Hy‑Line Brown and ISA Brown hens at the age from 36 to 64 weeks. In total, 3840 eggs from 300 hens were evaluated. Quality of eggs was determined by their technological value. Statistically significant interactions (P = 0.001) between age and genotype were found in all evaluated parameters except for the yolk colour (P = 0.044), whereas there was not found interaction (P = 0.072) between age and genotype in eggshell strength. The significant effect of hens’ age was found in all evaluated parameters, with the only exception of the yolk colour. The results showed that the average weight of eggs, eggshell, albumen and yolk increased with the age. Also the eggshell proportion, its colour and yolk index values ​​increased, whereas the egg shape index, eggshell thickness and strength, albumen proportion, Haugh units, the albumen and the yolk index decreased. Statistically significant effect of the genotype was found in all evaluated parameters except for the yolk index. When comparing both genotypes, the eggs from ISA Brown hens had a better quality. The trend of deteriorating egg quality with age was confirmed.


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