scholarly journals RNAi Technology in Fish and Shellfish- Status and Prospects: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ubaid Qayoom ◽  
Zahoor Mushtaq

Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi), a valuable tool for manipulating gene functionality in the laboratory, has also emerged as a powerful tool to suppress infection or replication of many pathogens that cause severe economic losses in fish farming. By taking advantage of the cell’s endogenous RNAi apparatus, small interfering RNA of ~21-22 bp can be introduced into cells to induce target specific mRNA degradation. With the growing appreciation for the potential of RNAi technology, the diversity in vivo relevance to aquaculture is seemingly vast. Studies in the future should address the hurdles like delivery strategy stability and degradation of RNAi therapeutic molecule by nucleases in aquatic animals. In this article, we review the literature in the field of RNAi technology in aquaculture, summarize the status and prospects, which may open doors to its applicability potential as a therapeutic strategy to modulate host-pathogen interactions and inspire further trials.

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés Serrano-Sevilla ◽  
Álvaro Artiga ◽  
Scott G. Mitchell ◽  
Laura De Matteis ◽  
Jesús M. de la Fuente

Natural polysaccharides are frequently used in the design of drug delivery systems due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low toxicity. Moreover, they are diverse in structure, size, and charge, and their chemical functional groups can be easily modified to match the needs of the final application and mode of administration. This review focuses on polysaccharidic nanocarriers based on chitosan and hyaluronic acid for small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery, which are highly positively and negatively charged, respectively. The key properties, strengths, and drawbacks of each polysaccharide are discussed. In addition, their use as efficient nanodelivery systems for gene silencing applications is put into context using the most recent examples from the literature. The latest advances in this field illustrate effectively how chitosan and hyaluronic acid can be modified or associated with other molecules in order to overcome their limitations to produce optimized siRNA delivery systems with promising in vitro and in vivo results.


2005 ◽  
Vol 65 (15) ◽  
pp. 6910-6918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles N. Landen ◽  
Arturo Chavez-Reyes ◽  
Corazon Bucana ◽  
Rosemarie Schmandt ◽  
Michael T. Deavers ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 14129-14136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolin Wu ◽  
Haitao Shang ◽  
Xitian Liang ◽  
Yixin Sun ◽  
Hui Jing ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (30) ◽  
pp. eaba5379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Nazir Hossen ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Harisha R. Chinthalapally ◽  
Joe D. Robertson ◽  
Kar-Ming Fung ◽  
...  

Gene silencing using small-interfering RNA (siRNA) is a viable therapeutic approach; however, the lack of effective delivery systems limits its clinical translation. Herein, we doped conventional siRNA-liposomal formulations with gold nanoparticles to create “auroliposomes,” which significantly enhanced gene silencing. We targeted MICU1, a novel glycolytic switch in ovarian cancer, and delivered MICU1-siRNA using three delivery systems—commercial transfection agents, conventional liposomes, and auroliposomes. Low-dose siRNA via transfection or conventional liposomes was ineffective for MICU1 silencing; however, in auroliposomes, the same dose gave >85% gene silencing. Efficacy was evident from both in vitro growth assays of ovarian cancer cells and in vivo tumor growth in human ovarian cell line—and patient-derived xenograft models. Incorporation of gold nanoparticles shifted intracellular uptake pathways such that liposomes avoided degradation within lysosomes. Auroliposomes were nontoxic to vital organs. Therefore, auroliposomes represent a novel siRNA delivery system with superior efficacy for multiple therapeutic applications.


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