scholarly journals ​Erythrocyte Parameters as a Diagnostic Tool in Canine Medicine: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.N. Yadav ◽  
N. Ahmed ◽  
A.J. Nath ◽  
P.K. Boro

The haematological analysis is one of the essential diagnostic and prognostic tools for the health practitioner. Routine hematology consists of erythrocyte, leucocyte and platelet parameters estimation. Erythrocyte parameters (RBC, RDW, haemoglobin, haematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC) estimation plays a crucial role in identifying anemia and several other acute and chronic conditions. Accurate and precise haematology results depend on correct blood collection procedures, suitable anticoagulants, proper storage and effective blood transport. The individual reference value variance can be due to age, sex, stress, diet, body condition, hydration status and reproductive status. Automatic haeamtology analyzer can yield quick and accurate results provided the sample is free from any artifacts. In conclusion, the accuracy of the result of automatic haematology analyzer in canine medicine is impeded by the lack of precise and rapid comparison procedure, instability and complexity of blood cells. Therefore the findings of the automatic haemotolyzer should always be corroborated with the clinical findings and another laboratory test.

Physiotherapy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicja Lwow ◽  
Małgorzata Korzeniowska ◽  
Joanna Dadacz ◽  
Ewa Hladik ◽  
Agata Łukojko ◽  
...  

AbstractThe demographic situation of Poland as well as other developed countries shows a growing number of people at retirement age. According to the data from GUS (Central Statistical Office), their number reached 6.5 mln in Poland in 2011, and the prognosis for shows 8,3 mln by the year 2035. The consequence of this fact is a necessity of including the specificity of this age group in the functioning of Polish health care as well as in preventive medicine and health promotion. Unifying the health needs of this age group would be disadvantageous due to the diversification of physical efficiency level in the psychosomatic and social aspect. Nevertheless, the key problem is to distinguish the optimal health care models which include not only chronic conditions and dysfunctions but also the quality of life and socially independent life style that guarantee the lack of isolation and social exclusion. Distinguishing the four action models, namely people considered as healthy by the system, autonomously functioning people with chronic conditions, and people who need other people or institutional care to function in a society, seems to cover the individual needs of this group. Concluding, the National Health Care needs to work out some proceeding algorithms for these models. The optimal program adjustment for the needs of the target group would most certainly improve the effectiveness of the Health Care.


Author(s):  
Courtney A Polenick ◽  
Kira S Birditt ◽  
Angela Turkelson ◽  
Benjamin C Bugajski ◽  
Helen C Kales

Abstract Objectives Individuals often manage chronic conditions in middle and later life that may diminish well-being. Little is known, however, about discordant conditions (i.e., two or more conditions with competing self-management requirements) among older couples and their links to depressive symptoms. We considered discordant conditions at both the individual level and the couple level (i.e., between spouses), along with their long-term implications for depressive symptoms. Methods The U.S. sample included 1,116 middle-aged and older couples drawn from five waves (2006–2014) of the Health and Retirement Study. Longitudinal actor-partner interdependence models evaluated whether individual-level and couple-level discordant chronic health conditions were concurrently linked to depressive symptoms, and whether these associations became stronger over time. Models controlled for age, minority status, education, prior wave depressive symptoms, and each partner’s baseline report of negative marital quality and number of chronic conditions in each wave. Results Wives and husbands reported significantly greater depressive symptoms when they had individual-level discordant conditions about 2 years after baseline, and these links intensified over time. Beyond this association, husbands had significantly greater depressive symptoms when there were couple-level discordant conditions. Discussion Individual-level and couple-level discordant conditions may have lasting implications for depressive symptoms during midlife and older adulthood.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
E Yorke ◽  
J Tetteh ◽  
Vincent Boima ◽  
AE Yawson

Abstract Objective: We examined BMI as a health risk factor for self-reported diabetes mellitus, angina, strokes and arthritis among older Ghanaians aged 50 years and above. Design: We analysed the individual-level data from the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health Ghana Wave 2 (2014/2015). The influence of BMI on self-reported chronic conditions including diabetes, angina, stroke and arthritis was examined. Setting: Households from all the administrative regions of Ghana. Participants: Included 3350 adults aged 50 years and older. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among participants was 22·8 % (95 % CI 20·6, 25·2) and 13·2 %, respectively (95 % CI 11·5, 15·1). With respect to individual chronic conditions, arthritis emerged with the highest prevalence rate of 7·3 (95 % CI 5·3, 9·9), while the prevalence rate of diabetes, angina and stroke was 2·8 % (95 % CI 2·0, 3·9), 1·7 % (95 % CI 1·1, 2·6) and 1·3 % (95 % CI 1·0, 1·8), respectively. The risk of diabetes among overweight and obesity was over three and two times, respectively, higher compared with participants with normal weights. Overweight and obesity were significantly more than two and three times likely to experience angina, respectively, compared with participants with normal weight. Obesity significantly influences arthritis with approximately two times increased odds compared with normal weight participants. Conclusion: Prevalence of obesity and overweight in Ghana is high and increasing, which poses a health risk at the individual and population levels. Inter-sectorial and multidisciplinary measures in line with the national non-communicable disease policies aimed at curbing this trend are imperative.


2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (Suppl. 3) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana B. Nerbass ◽  
Louise Moist ◽  
William F. Clark ◽  
Marcos A. Vieira ◽  
Roberto Pecoits-Filho

Dehydration associated with heat stress increases the risk of workplace injury or illness, decreases productivity, and may contribute to the chronic kidney disease epidemic identified in outdoor workers from hot climates. There is limited research on the effects of chronic occupational heat stress among indoor workers. We aimed to test the feasibility of measuring markers of hydration and kidney function in foundry factory workers in Southern Brazil, exposed and not exposed to heat stress. Factory workers exposed to heat stress (wet bulb globe temperature ≥28.9) and not exposed to heat were identified by management and invited to participate. Clinical and biochemical markers of hydration and kidney function were evaluated before and after a single 8.5 h work shift (lunch time not included). Feasibility outcomes included rates of enrolment, % completion of study protocols, and time to complete data collection. This study was deemed feasible with 80% enrolment and 90% completion of the protocol. Among the preselected workers, the enrolment rate was 91%. All subjects completed the physiological measures and blood collection and 95% completed the urine studies. Mean time to complete data collection pre-shift was 19.1 ± 4.2 min and post-shift: 14.3 ± 4.0 min. Workers exposed to heat stress had a greater decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate compared to controls over the work shift (–13 ± 11 vs. –5 ± 7 mL/min; p < 0.01). We demonstrated the feasibility and challenges of conducting future hydration and kidney function research among indoor factory workers. Further study is needed to determine if exposure to indoor heat contributes to a decline in kidney function.


2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 455-469
Author(s):  
Courtney A Polenick ◽  
Kira S Birditt ◽  
Angela Turkelson ◽  
Helen C Kales

Abstract Background Multiple chronic conditions may erode physical functioning, particularly in the context of complex self-management demands and depressive symptoms. Yet, little is known about how discordant conditions (i.e., those with management requirements that are not directly related and increase care complexity) among couples are linked to functional disability. Purpose We evaluated own and partner individual-level discordant conditions (i.e., discordant conditions within individuals) and couple-level discordant conditions (i.e., discordant conditions between spouses), and their links to levels of and change in functional disability. Methods The U.S. sample included 3,991 couples drawn from nine waves (1998–2014) of the Health and Retirement Study. Dyadic growth curve models determined how individual-level and couple-level discordant conditions were linked to functional disability over time, and whether depressive symptoms moderated these links. Models controlled for age, minority status, education, each partner’s baseline depressive symptoms, and each partner’s number of chronic conditions across waves. Results Wives and husbands had higher initial disability when they had their own discordant conditions and when there were couple-level discordant conditions. Husbands also reported higher initial disability when wives had discordant conditions. Wives had a slower rate of increase in disability when there were couple-level discordant conditions. Depressive symptoms moderated links between disability and discordant conditions at the individual and couple levels. Conclusions Discordant chronic conditions within couples have enduring links to disability that partly vary by gender and depressive symptoms. These findings generate valuable information for interventions to maintain the well-being of couples managing complex health challenges.


2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy H Broom

Self-management is now positioned as essential to the optimal management of many chronic diseases. Health promoters and service providers often acknowledge that some forms of self-management are difficult and demanding, and that health education must be appropriately tailored in order to enhance ?compliance?. These discourses may recognise that part of a person?s response to diagnosis arises from the individual?s personality and their social circumstances. However, less attention is paid to the social and personal effects of the variety of strategies people deploy in order to manage an ongoing condition. Self-management affects more than symptoms or disease status; it also shapes the subjectivity of the person, so different management strategies may mould different selves. The self-management of diabetes entails numerous daily practices, and produces several distinct ways of constructing an embodied diabetic self. In this article, I describe how a sample of adults living with diabetes type 2 manage their diabetes from day to day, and how those activities both arise from, and contribute to, distinctive subject positions. Appreciating the daily and dynamic character of self-management may also help service providers to facilitate an improved quality of life for people with chronic conditions.


Author(s):  
T. Dippenaar

Blood transfusion therapy is often under-utilised in feline practice in South Africa. However, it is a technique that can be safely and effectively introduced in practice. Cats have naturally occurring allo-antibodies against the blood type that they lack, which makes blood typing, or alternatively cross-matching, essential before transfusions. Feline blood donors must be carefully selected, be disease free and should be sedated before blood collection. The preferred anticoagulant for feline blood collection is citrate-phosphatedextrose-adenine. Blood can either be administered intravenously or into the medullary cavity, with the transfusion rate depending on the cat's hydration status and cardiac function. Transfusion reactions can be immediate or delayed and they are classified as immunological or non-immunological. Indications, methods and techniques to do feline blood transfusions in a safe and economical way are highlighted.


2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher F. Sharpley

Although the last 20years have seen a focus upon evidence-based therapies, there are arguments that much of the so-called “evidence” produced is, in fact, irrelevant to the mental health practitioner in the field, principally because of the use of large-scale group designs in clinical controlled studies of the effectiveness of one therapy over another. By contrast, and with particular relevance to the practitioner who is both scientist and therapist, single subject research designs and methodologies for data analysis can be applied in ways that allow for generalisation to everyday practice. To inform the readership, the rationale underlying n = 1 studies is described, with some explanation of the major designs and their application to typical cases in guidance and counselling. Issues of inferential deductions from data, variations of design, data analysis via visual and statistical procedures, and replication are discussed. Finally, a case is argued for the introduction of n = 1 reports within the Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling to better inform the readership about clinical research findings relevant to their practices.


2012 ◽  
Vol 542-543 ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Hao Hua Qin

To diagnose the mechanical fault diagnosis from the rotation records, FFT and all-phase FFT (apFFT) are introduced to estimate the individual harmonics’ frequency, amplitude and phase of fault signal. Through introducing with synthesized FFT/apFFT correcting method of phase difference, the frequency and amplitude estimation can be obtained by utilizing these two spectral analysis results at the position of peak spectral line. Moreover, for apFFT possess the merit of phase invariance, the phase value at main spectral position can be directly taken as the original phase without any correcting operations, thus, waveform reconstruction is realized. Simulation experiment proves that fault information can be intuitively reflected by the quality of reconstructed waveform, and the corresponding type of mechanical fault based on parameters estimation can be identified.


2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yolasigmaz ◽  
K. Reiterová ◽  
M. Turk ◽  
E. Reyhan ◽  
A. Bozdag ◽  
...  

AbstractCystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the cestode Echinococcus granulosus, is potentially dangerous for humans. The aim of this study was to examine serological and clinical findings regarding cysts localisation and individual responses in 54 patients with CE. The majority of patients in this study were females (63 %) and the average age was 46.3 years. Most of the patients lived in rural areas or kept a dog (46 %) for a long time. The most frequent symptoms were hypochondrial pain (48.9 %), epigastrial discomfort (27.7 %), vomiting (21.3 %), minor cough (12.8 %), urticaria (6.3 %), weakness (4.3 %), fever (2.1 %), side-or back-ache (4.3 %). However, 17 % of the patients showed no symptoms. In every case, the ultrasound (USG) and/or computer tomography (CT) investigations were positive. In most cases (53.2 % of the patients) a single cyst was found but 46.8 % of the patients had multiple cyst formations (from 2 to 9 cysts) located in the liver. Sporadic lung, splenetic, mesenterial, tibial and cerebral localisations were also found. The patients were individually treated with albendazol (10–15 mg/kg) five days prior and six months after the surgical treatment. Serum samples were investigated by the serological techniques: IHAT, ELISA and Western blot using hydatid fluid antigen. In the patient sera, the specific antibody levels were mostly increased after surgery. Different results were obtained only in two patients. In the first case, seroconversion was delayed. In the other case all ELISA results were negative, however, the Western blot analysis and surgery proved the presence of CE. The results suggest that the different antibody response of patients depends on the individual immune response. Multiple localization and various stages of CE cysts demonstrate the necessity of a complex approach for the confirmation of a correct diagnosis.


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