scholarly journals ​Management Practices Adopted by Farmers of Budgam in Rearing Kashmir Merino

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubashir Ali Rather ◽  
Ambreen Hamadani ◽  
Syed Shanaz ◽  
Safeer Alam ◽  
S. Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Sheep Farmer ◽  
Technical Proficiency ◽  
Feeding Systems ◽  
Intensive System

Background: Kashmir Merino is a very important synthetic sheep breed of J and K. It is widely adopted across the Valley. It is an important source of income for the poor and marginalized farmers. An attempt was made to understand the management practices adopted by farmers of Budgam in rearing of Kashmir Merino sheep. Methods: A survey was undertaken in Budgam district understand the management practices used by farmers for rearing Kashmir Merino sheep. Result: Majority of the sheep farmers (68.42) housed Kashmir Merino sheep in Pucca house made of brick structures reinforced with either cement or mud whereas only (31.58%) housed sheep in Katcha houses. Breeding season ranges from April to May and August to December. Majority of the respondents (75.00%) reported autumn season as the main breeding season and only 25% reported spring as main breeding season. The sheep farmer was either having in possession small or marginal land holding. Sheep were reared on semi-intensive feeding systems during early spring and late autumn, intensive system during winter from December to April and extensive system from May to November. The vaccination against infectious diseases, dozing against prevalent parasites and treatment as per morbidity was carried out by expert veterinarians of Department of sheep Husbandry. Poor economic and low technical proficiency are main hurdles for farmers of Budgam to have good housing facilities to manage the breed. Management has significant effect on performance of sheep.

scholarly journals Does Feeding System Influence Parasitism in Black Bengal Goats in Bangladesh?

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKMA Rabbi ◽  
A Islam ◽  
M Anisuzzaman ◽  
S Majumder ◽  
MH Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Sample ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Extensive System ◽  
Parasitic Burden ◽  
Demodex Sp ◽  
Feeding Systems ◽  
Intensive System

To study the parasitism in goats in relation to different feeding systems, 1110 goats from different areas of Jaypurhat, Tangail, Netrakona and Mymensingh districts were examined. By fecal sample examination, 76.5% goats were found to be infected with one or more species of endoparasites. In this study, 9 types of helminths’ ova were identified such as Fasciola gigantica (14.8%), Paramphistomum sp. (28.5%), Schistosoma indicum (3.2%), strongyles (35%), Strongyloides sp. (17.4%), Toxocara spp. (1.5%), Trichuris sp. (4.6%), Capillaria sp. (1.2%) and Moniezia sp. (3.7%). Two types of protozoa were also detected, namely, Eimeria sp. (7.1%) and Balantidium coli (5.5%). Along with these, five species of ectoparasites were found: two species were lice such as Damilinia caprae (13.9 %) and Linognathus vitulli (4.2%), and two species were ticks namely, Haemophysalis bispinosa (21.2%), Rhipicaphalus (Boophilus) microplus (3.6%) and one species was mite, namely, Demodex sp. (2.9%). Mean parasitic burden of Paramphistomum sp. (259.81 ± 3.35) was the highest followed by Eimeria sp. (224.1 ± 16.9) and Moniezia sp. (204.9 ± 19.7). Prevalence of helminths and protozoa was significantly (P<0.01) highest in extensive system (86.1%) followed by semi-intensive (76.3%) and intensive system (57.5%). Ova of Schistosoma indicum was absent in the fecal sample of goats of intensive system. Goats of extensive and semi-intensive systems were 4.6 and 2.4 times more susceptible to helminth infection than those of intensive system. Ectoparasitic infestation was the highest in semi-intensive system (59.7%) followed by extensive system (33.5%) and intensive system (8.2%). In conclusion, the present study suggests that feeding system has a great impact on the prevalence of parasites in Black Bengal goats. Further study can be carried out to determine the effect of parasitism in the production performance of Black Bengal goats.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v22i1-2.16470 Progress. Agric. 22(1 & 2): 85-95, 2011

scholarly journals Density and Flock Size of the Raven (Corvus corax) In the Orawa - Nowy Targ Basin During Non-Breeding Season

Ring ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Michał Ciach ◽  
Dominik Wikar ◽  
Małgorzata Bylicka
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
High Density ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Corvus Corax ◽  
Line Transect Method ◽  
Breeding Seasons

Density and Flock Size of the Raven (Corvus corax) In the Orawa - Nowy Targ Basin During Non-Breeding Season During the 2002/2003-2004/2005 non-breeding seasons the density of the Raven in the open habitats of the Orawa - Nowy Targ Basin was studied by line transect method. The results were analysed in four periods (autumn, early winter, winter and early spring). The median density of Ravens did not differ significantly between individual periods and was respectively: 3.5, 3.8, 4.8 and 3.8 indiv. / 10 km. Number of birds during particular controls varied from 1.0 to 24.8 indiv. / 10 km. However, while excluding flocks, the median density of single individuals and pairs of the Raven was considerably lower and in subsequent periods reached respectively: 2.2, 2.4, 2.2 and 1.7 indiv. / 10 km. Flock size did not differ significantly between individual periods. Single individuals and, less often, groups of two birds were recorded mostly. Small (3-5 indiv.) and medium (6-15 indiv.) flocks were recorded rarely and large flocks (16 indiv. and above) - only exceptionally. The high density and strong fluctuations of abundance of Ravens were determined by flocks presence, which was probably linked to irregular occurrence of food resources.

scholarly journals Native insect pollinators in Apple orchards under different management practices in the Kashmir Valley

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Muzaffar Ahmad Ganie ◽  
Amit Kumar Pal ◽  
Nazeer Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
The Family ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Family Contribution

It is now clear that over use of pesticides and intensive management of orchards can lead to drastic declines in apple pollinator abundance and crop failures. During the period of study a grower’s survey was conducted to know about knowledge of farmers on native insect pollinators, pollinator management practices, their perceptions of the importance and utility of native pollinators, and their attitudes regarding pesticide application. Despite of having significant knowledge of managed pollination, only few farmers (2%) adopted supplementary methods of pollination (renting honey bee colonies, hand pollination etc.). In Pulwama, 60% of farmers had knowledge about native insect pollinators and 40% did not have any idea of native pollinators and in case of Shopian, the figures were fifty-fifty i.e. 50% had knowledge about native insect pollinators and 50% were unaware. During the period of investigation, native insect pollinators were sampled from different apple orchards under different management systems in early spring during apple flowering. A total of 17 species of insect pollinators belonging to 11 families and 3 orders_ Hymenoptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera registered their occurrence at all the studied apple orchards of the Kashmir Valley. At all the study sites i.e. apple orchards under different management systems, family Halictidae and Empididae registered their presence as dominant groups. The % family contribution of the former at different orchard types decreased with increase in the intensity of the management system and the % family contribution of the later however, showed a direct relationship with the management system found, i.e. the more intense the system, the more abundant was the group. Other groups in general did not show any greater differences in abundances at different sites studied.

scholarly journals Dental laboratory waste management in respect of reusing and recycling in KwaZulu-Natal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Yonela Ngombane
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
Laboratory Waste ◽  
Waste Management Practices ◽  
Dental Technology

This qualitative study explored the management of waste in commercial and training dental laboratories in order to determine the practices and attitudes of dental technology practitioners and academics towards reusing and recycling dental laboratory waste products, and alert them to the benefits of waste management on the environment. The research objectives were to establish and report on the extent of waste management that entails waste reduction through reusing and recycling, to uncover alternative uses for dental laboratory waste and the possible economic benefits thereof and to influence dental technology industry on environmental sustainability. The research project was conducted in the interpretive paradigm. In the course of this study dental laboratory owners, dental technicians/technologists and academics from the dental technology programme at a training institution were interviewed. Waste handling in dental laboratories was observed in order to gain greater insight as to current practices in laboratories. Thematic content analysis was employed to analyse the qualitative data. This study found that waste management was poorly understood and practiced amongst the dental laboratory owners, dental technicians/technologists and academics. The study adopted a waste management hierarchy conceptual framework which was influenced by the Waste Act (Act No. 59 of 2008). The negative attitudes towards responsible waste management practices and the poor understanding of waste management by dental laboratory owners, dental technicians/technologists were found to be as a result of the poor understanding of the possible impact that waste from dental laboratories can impose on the environment. The perceived lack of participation in constructive waste management legislation by the South African Dental Technicians Council was also seen to be a contributing factor to the negative attitudes towards responsible waste management practices within the industry. This finding reinforced the finding that the dental industry has no knowledge, understanding and desire to understand waste management and, more importantly, to understand that one does not practice things solely for legislative reasons but that there are economic as well as environmental reasons to practice constructive waste management. On the other hand, this study found that the industry was not averse to engaging in environmental friendly practices provided there is financial gain. This was established after the benefits of waste management practices were explained to the industry.

scholarly journals Downside of corporate performance management practices in low-income markets

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Last Mazambani ◽  
Emmanuel Mutambara
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Developed Markets ◽  
The Poor

Based on theoretical literature review, the paper demonstrates the misgiving of market economy corporate performance management practices when applied in poor markets. Western developed management practices are incongruent to serve poor customers in low-income markets. The findings of the literature review are that these management systems are exclusionary and conflict with sustainable development as they reject the poor as unprofitable and worthless to pursue as customers. In addition, they are based on antiquated assumptions and contradict ideologies and cultural contexts of the poor. In recent times, corporates are under pressure to enter low-income markets as developed markets get saturated. The poor are, however, significantly different from the affluent customers obtained in higher income segments. Corporates find themselves poorly equipped to succeed. Because poor markets are only latent, firms are expected to do more in order to create value than they would do when entering developed markets. The paper provides recommendations for the firms from developed markets to adjust their performance management practices in order to be successful in emerging markets.

1233 A survey of management practices and producers' perceptions regarding manual and automated milk feeding systems for dairy calves

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 593-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Medrano-Galarza ◽  
J. Rushen ◽  
A. M. de Passillé ◽  
A. Jones-Bitton ◽  
T. J. DeVries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Milk Feeding ◽  
Feeding Systems

Socio-economic factors and management practices followed in eastern Uttar Pradesh for rearing of Jaunpuri goat

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Kumar ◽  
V. Singh ◽  
Alok Yadav ◽  
Amit Jha ◽  
Jitendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The present investigation was undertaken to study the management practices and socio-economic factors affecting the farming of Jaunpuri goat in two districts of its native tracts in eastern Uttar Pradesh. viz., Allahabad and Jaunpur. Ten villages from Jaunpur and fifteen villages from Allahabad district were randomly selected for the present investigation. The findings revealed that most of the goat farmers in Jaunpur and Allahabad district were of marginal type in their land holding capacity with 47.61 and 68.18% respectively and they earned more than Rs.5000 per annum from goatery. Besides the goatery, the other professions of goat rearers are 60% farming, 33.33% labor, 6.67% small business in Jaunpur and 58.82% labour, 41.18% farming in Allahabad district. The literacy of the head of the Jaunpuri goat rearing family was 66.67 and 68.18 % respectively in the Jaunpur and Allahabad district and most of farmers have 6-8 members per family. The farmers of both districts used to house their goats mostly during night time. The result indicated that 70.48 and 80.91% farmers from Jaunpur and Allahabad districts keep their animal in the house during night. However, 29.52 and 19.09% of the farmers used to keep their animals in the goat shed both day and night. The overall percentages of close and open type house were 27.91 and 72.09%, respectively in Jaunpur and Allahabad district. Most goat sheds were Kuccha type, because of the poor economic status of goat farmer in these districts. The Jaunpuri goat is dual type of goat which produces milk and meat both. Thus the present findings indicated that in both the districts the farmers reared this breed for dual purpose.

Effects of grass pasture and concentrate-based feeding systems for spring-calving dairy cows in early spring on performance during lactation

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kennedy ◽  
M. O'Donovan ◽  
J.-P. Murphy ◽  
L. Delaby ◽  
F. O'Mara
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Feeding Systems

scholarly journals Appraisal of the management practices of goat farmers in selected districts of the KwaZulu-Natal province: can the extensionist play a role to improve?

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Ntuli ◽  
Pieter Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Breeding Management ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
Sound Management

The study was conducted to assess management practices by goat farmers in uMgungundlovu of the KwaZulu-Natal province. A total of 70 farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaires. A considerable number of respondents had low-level education (40%) n=28.  Management activities performed by respondents included control of internal and external parasites, which was done by 94% and 96%, respectively. The most vaccinated for diseases were Pulpy kidney (61.54%) and Pasteurella (51.92%). Fifty-five respondents (78.57%) grazed their animals on the veld, while an insubstantial percentage of respondents had cultivated pastures (15.71%) n=11. Respondents provided winter and summer supplementary feed (46%) and supplementary lick (83%).  A total of 17 farmers (24.29%) had a specific breeding season. Breeding management activities were done by farmers, and 5.71% of respondents tested bucks for fertility, while 18.57% provided flush feeding, and 11.43% performed pregnancy diagnosis. Most farmers who applied sound management practices reported elevated production levels.

scholarly journals Effect of body condition score and live weight of fertility of merino sheep after induction of oestrus in the out-of-breeding season

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
P. Slavova ◽  
S. Laleva ◽  
Y. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Score Method ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

?bject of the study were merino sheep raised in the farm of the Agricultural institute - Stara Zagora. The experiment was conducted with a group of 68 animals of different ages, lambing after treated with hormonal preparation according to adopted scheme during the out-of-breeding season - in May. In the experimental group were included ewes which lambed earlier without making a selection in respect to their productivity. Animals were kept under the same conditions (stall-pasture) and fed the same rations with the concentrate mixture, rough, succulent feed and grazing in quantity and composition according to their physiological status and season from the fertilization until lambing. Hormonal pattern: setting pads for sheep type Sincro-part (30mg), removing pads after 12 days and giving ewes a PMSG injection at a dose of 500 UI, applying artificial insemination at the 50-55th hour. Body condition score and live weight of the animals were determined in 4 separate periods: 1st period (after mating), 2nd period (during pregnancy), 3rd period (after lambing), 4th period (before next mating service). Improving fertility in merino sheep is significantly influenced by the preparation of ewes for the mating by reaching the respective physiological status which is expressed by score over 2.5 according to the Body condition score method and live weight over 60 kg. Animals scored 2.75-3.50 before mating have a share of 91.18% from all the sheep in the flock and have the biggest number of lambs.

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