Fuzzy Logic Expert System for Taxonomic Variation of Solonchaks

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-641 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Samir Hadj-Miloud ◽

Kaddour Djili

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Dry Period ◽

Reference Base ◽

Taxonomic Level ◽

The World ◽

World Reference Base ◽

Taxonomic Concept ◽

Membership Value ◽

Fuzzy Logic Expert System ◽

Over Time

Background: The main objective of this research is to apply fuzzy logic to four Solonchaks, in order to determine their degree of remoteness or rapprochement with their central taxonomic concept. Therefore, we identify their possible seasonal taxonomic variation on the criteria established by World Reference Base (WRB). Methods: We have studied the seasonal evolution of salinity in a region of Algeria (Case of Rélizane), during two years 2012 and 2013 by applying fuzzy logic on the four soils. Result: The results reveal that the salinity increased during the dry period for all soils and it decreased during the wet period. On the taxonomic level, the application of fuzzy logic on the four soils revealed that the Solonchaks indices (Is) are always significantly higher than those of Calcisols indices (Ic). The four profiles have a similar behavior regarding the variation of Is. Indeed, when the salinity increases the soils come closer to the central taxonomic concept of the Solonchaks. Likewise, when the salinity decreases the soils move away from their central taxonomic concept. Consequently, they approach the central taxonomic concept of Calcisols. Thus, the variation of Isis closely related to the seasonal variation of salinity. Fuzzy logic, exhibited high precision concerning the membership value between soils over time. The application of fuzzy logic for other soil classifications in the world is possible.

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Fuzzy Logic Expert System for Classifying Solonchaks of Algeria

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2018/8741567 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Samir Hadj Miloud ◽

Kaddour Djili ◽

Mohamed Benidir

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Soil System ◽

Inference System ◽

Reference Base ◽

The North ◽

The World ◽

Membership Value ◽

Almost All

Under arid and semiarid regions of the North of Africa, the soils considered as Solonchaks contain both calcium carbonate and gypsum. When these elements are presented at high quantities, these Solonchaks are getting close to Calcisol or Gypsisol. The World Reference Base (WRB) for soil classification does not take into account the soil as a continuum. Instead, this international soil system classification is based on threshold values that define hierarchical diagnostic criteria. Consequently, the distinction between Solonchaks, Calcisol, and Gypsisol is still not clear. To avoid this situation, fuzzy logic based on the Mamdani inference system (MFIS) was used to determine to what extent soil classified as Solonchak in WRB can interfere with Calcisols and Gypsisols. For that purpose, membership values of Solonchaks (Is), Calcisols (Ic), and Gypsisols (Ig) indices were calculated from 194 soil profiles previously classified as Solonchak in WRB. Data analyses revealed that Solonchaks soils were subdivided into Solonchaks (61%), Calcisols (1%), Gypsisols (0.5%), Solonchaks-Calcisols intergrades (29%), Solonchaks-Gypsisols intergrades (5%), and Solonchaks-Calcisols-Gypsisols intergrades (2%). Moreover, Is, Ic, and Ig showed high significant correlations with almost all WRB diagnostic criteria (P<0.05). Under our study, soil classification obtained by employing MFIS was analogous to that provided by WRB; however, MFIS exhibited high precision concerning the membership value between soils and their intergrades. Therefore, the application of MFIS for other soil classifications in the world is possible and could lead to improvement in conventional soil classification.

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Anticipated Developments of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources

Soil Classification ◽

10.1201/9781420040364-19 ◽

2002 ◽

pp. 245-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jozef Deckers ◽

Paul Driessen ◽

Freddy O.F. Nachtergaele ◽

Otto Spaargaren ◽

Frank Berding

Keyword(s):

Soil Resources ◽

Reference Base ◽

The World ◽

World Reference Base

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The World Reference Base for Soil Resources

Soils of Tropical Forest Ecosystems ◽

10.1007/978-3-662-03649-5_2 ◽

1998 ◽

pp. 21-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Otto C. Spaargaren ◽

Jozef Deckers

Keyword(s):

Soil Resources ◽

Reference Base ◽

The World ◽

World Reference Base

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Technosols in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources – history and definitions

Soil Science & Plant Nutrition ◽

10.1080/00380768.2018.1432973 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 138-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Peter Schad

Keyword(s):

Soil Resources ◽

Reference Base ◽

The World ◽

World Reference Base

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The World Reference Base for Soils (WRB) and Soil Taxonomy: an appraisal of their application to the soils of the Northern Rivers of New South Wales

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr12144 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 167 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

David T. Morand

Keyword(s):

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Reference Base ◽

South Wales ◽

The World ◽

World Reference Base ◽

Northern Rivers ◽

Soil Surveys

Few soil surveys in New South Wales have utilised international soil classifications. Extensive morphological and laboratory data collected during soil surveys in the Northern Rivers region provided a strong basis for correlation with the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB), Soil Taxonomy (ST), and the Australian Soil Classification (ASC). Of the 32 reference soil groups comprising the WRB, 20 were present locally; nine of the 12 ST orders were present. After re-classification of soils, correlation of the ASC with the WRB and ST was undertaken. Soils not requiring extensive laboratory analysis for classification and sharing similar central concepts were the more straightforward to correlate. Several ASC orders have unique central concepts and were therefore difficult to correlate with any one WRB reference soil group or ST order/suborder. Other soils were difficult to correlate due to differences in definitions of similar diagnostic criteria. This is most applicable to soils with strong texture-contrast and those with natric conditions. Such soils are not adequately differentiated to suit the Northern Rivers conditions. Of the two international schemes, the WRB was easier to apply locally due to the relative simplicity of the scheme. Considering certain aspects of Australian soils would improve the applicability of the WRB as a truly international framework for soil classification and correlation. Amendments to both the ASC and WRB are suggested.

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