Mock Juror Perception of Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner Testimony

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesa E. Wasarhaley ◽  
Theresa A. Simcic ◽  
Jonathan M. Golding
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Registered Nurse ◽  
Mock Juror ◽  
Mock Jurors ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Perceived Credibility ◽  
Rape Trial ◽  
Rape Case ◽  
The Impact

The perception of a sexual assault nurse examiner’s (SANE) testimony in a criminal rape trial was investigated. Men and women undergraduates (N = 138) read a fictional criminal trial summary of a rape case in which medical testimony from a SANE or a registered nurse (RN) was presented, or no medical testimony was presented. Results indicated that mock jurors were more likely to render guilty verdicts when a SANE testified than when an RN testified, and this relationship was fully mediated by perceived credibility of the nurse as well as provictim perceptions. Results are discussed in terms of the impact of SANE involvement in legal proceedings.

Strength Versus Sensitivity: The Impact of Attorney Gender on Juror Perceptions and Trial Outcomes in a Rape Case

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110260
Author(s):  
Mary M. Levi ◽  
Kellie R. Lynch ◽  
Jonathan M. Golding
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Defense Attorney ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Juror Perceptions ◽  
Trial Outcomes ◽  
Rape Trial ◽  
Rape Case ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

We examined the impact of attorney gender on perceptions of a criminal rape trial. Community members ( N = 208) read a trial summary describing a rape scenario in which the gender of the prosecuting and defense attorney were manipulated. The results revealed indirect effects of prosecuting and defense attorney gender on verdict through perceptions of characteristics related to attorney competency. Qualitative analyses further showed that the terms “strength” and “powerful” were central to juror perceptions of male attorneys, whereas the terms “sensitive” and “sympathy” were central when the attorneys were female.

Unraveling the Determinants of Fear of Crime Among Men and Women in Istanbul: Examining the Impact of Perceived Risk and Fear of Sexual Assault

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 993-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine Özaşçılar ◽  
Neylan Ziyalar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
University Students ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Aggravated Assault ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shadow Of Sexual Assault

Studies have examined university students’ fear of crime focusing on the relationship between the fear of sexual assault and fear of other crimes, termed the shadow of sexual assault hypothesis; however, no study to date has examined the shadow thesis in a Turkish context. Drawing on the shadow thesis, using a sample of 723 university students in Istanbul, this study focuses on the effect of fear of sexual assault and perceived risk of crime to general fear of crime among university students in Istanbul. Also, the predictors of fear of crime are explored to examine the relationship between lifestyle characteristics, constrained behaviors, and fear. The findings of the study supported the shadow thesis, indicating that fear of sexual assault shaped the nonsexual crimes, especially crimes involving face-to-face confrontations between the victim and offender. Furthermore, lifestyle characteristics are correlated with the men’s fear of nonsexual crimes, particularly fear of robbery, aggravated assault, and burglary home.

Fear of Violent Crime Among Men and Women on Campus: The Impact of Perceived Risk and Fear of Sexual Assault

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodi Lane ◽  
Angela R. Gover ◽  
Sara Dahod
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Combined Impact ◽  
The Impact

Prior research has consistently shown that women are more afraid of crime than men despite the fact that men are much more likely to be victims of all crime except sexual assault and intimate partner violence. The “shadow of sexual assault” hypothesis argues that women’s fear of sexual assault shadows their fear of other types of crime, particularly violent crime. Building on prior research by Ferraro (1996) and Fisher and Sloan (2003), this study examines the individual and combined impact of perceived risk and fear of sexual assault on fear of robbery and assault among college students. Findings indicate that fear of sexual assault is the stronger predictor of fear of crime for women and that perceived risk is the stronger predictor for men.

The impact of power and powerlessness on blaming the victim of sexual assault

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire R. Gravelin ◽  
Monica Biernat ◽  
Matthew Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Victim Blame ◽  
Victim Blaming ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Thought Listing ◽  
Power Prior ◽  
Assault Victims ◽  
Power And Powerlessness ◽  
The Impact

Sexual assault is often described as motivated by power, yet there is relatively little experimental research investigating the effect of power (and powerlessness) on interpretations of a sexual assault. Two studies manipulated participants’ feelings of power prior to a thought-listing task about sexual assault victims (Study 1) or an evaluation of a case of sexual assault (Study 2). Among men, feelings of powerlessness led to reduced victim blaming, while powerlessness tended to increase victim blaming among women (Study 2). These results indicate that powerlessness has different implications for men and women, increasing men’s ability to take the perspective of a victim of sexual assault, but increasing women’s sense of threat and defensiveness. Both studies support a default status explanation for men such that feelings of powerlessness—a state that deviates from men’s typical high-power “default” status in society—increase perspective taking and thereby reduce victim blame. Among women, however, powerlessness may trigger a defensive response, resulting in greater blaming.

Rape Perpetrators on Trial: The Effect of Sexual Assault–Related Schemas on Attributions of Blame

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon M. Stuart ◽  
Blake M. McKimmie ◽  
Barbara M. Masser
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Mock Jurors ◽  
Juror Perceptions ◽  
Pilot Work ◽  
Schema Model ◽  
Attributions Of Blame ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Influence Perceptions

Research has consistently shown that jurors are influenced by multiple schemas in cases of alleged sexual assault, including offense stereotypes and victim stereotypes. These schemas appear to be organized in a hierarchy, as victim stereotypicality seems to matter most in acquaintance assaults (counter-stereotypical offense). However, despite numerous studies demonstrating the impact of defendant stereotypes on juror perceptions of guilt for other crimes, to date, the impact of stereotypes about defendants (perpetrators) in cases involving sexual violence have been overlooked. As such, the current research aimed to build on the existing hierarchical schema model by systematically examining the influence of perpetrator stereotypes. Following pilot work, mock jurors’ ( N = 163) read a rape scenario that varied in terms of offense stereotypicality (stereotypical, counter-stereotypical), victim stereotypicality (stereotypical, counter-stereotypical), and perpetrator stereotypicality (stereotypical, counter-stereotypical). Broadly consistent effects of offense stereotypicality and victim stereotypicality were observed across the outcome measures, such that the victim was perceived more positively and the perpetrator more negatively when the victim was described as being stereotypical and when the offense was described as stereotypical. However, contrary to past findings, the effect of victim stereotypicality did not differ as a function of offense stereotypicality. Furthermore, perpetrator stereotypicality did not influence perceptions in the stereotypical offense scenario. These findings suggest that contrary to the assertions of previous research, there is not a series of specific, individual stereotypes that impact attributions of blame, rather, there may be one underlying schema about consent that influences perceptions. These findings have important implications for how we address the effect of juror-held schemas on attributions of blame in cases of sexual assault.

The impact of extralegal factors on perceived credibility of child victims of sexual assault

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 823-848
Author(s):  
Ashmyra Voogt ◽  
Bianca Klettke ◽  
Donald M. Thomson ◽  
Angela Crossman
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Perceived Credibility ◽  
Extralegal Factors ◽  
The Impact

Complainant Sexual History Evidence: Its Impact on Mock Jurors' Decisions

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina A. Schuller ◽  
Patricia A. Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual History ◽  
Mock Jurors ◽  
History Information ◽  
The Impact

The current study examined the impact of complainant sexual history evidence on mock jurors' judgements in a sexual assault trial. One hundred and sixty-nine undergraduates listened to an audiotape of a sexual assault trial in which the sexual history between the complainant and defendant was systematically varied to include either sexual intercourse, kissing and petting, or no history information. The effectiveness of judicial limiting instructions that accompany the introduction of sexual history evidence at trial was also examined. Compared to the control condition, those who heard evidence involving prior sexual intercourse between the complainant and defendant were less likely to find the complainant credible, more likely to find her blameworthy, and more likely to believe she consented. The information failed, however, to influence participants' judgements about the defendant's belief in consent. As well, the presence of limiting instructions did little to curb the prejudicial influence of this information.

Hope Under Assault: Understanding the Impact of Sexual Assault on Hope and Suicidal Risk in College

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Yu ◽  
Zunaira Jilani ◽  
Edward C. Chang ◽  
Erin E. Fowler ◽  
Jiachen Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
The Impact
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