scholarly journals Principes Actifs Et Mise En Evidence Des Sucres Des Aubergines Solanum Anguivi Lam Et Solanum Torvum Récoltées En Côte d’Ivoire

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Dan Chépo Ghislaine ◽  
Yao Kouadio ◽  
Louis Ban Koffi

En Afrique, de nombreuses espèces végétales ne sont pas suffisamment exploitées, malgré leurs valeurs comestibles indéniables. Parmi ces plantes figurent les aubergines amères Solanum anguivi Lam et Solanum torvum communément appelées "gnagnan" en Côte d'Ivoire. Les baies de ces légumes-fruits sont séchées et analysées selon des méthodes standard et conventionnelles. Le tri phytochimique a révélé que S. torvum contient plus de stérols, polyphénols, quinones et saponines par rapport à S. anguivi Lam. Aucune des deux aubergines ne contient d'alcaloïdes toxiques pour l'alimentation. En chromatographie sur couche mince, les sucres détectés sont le glucose, le xylose, l'arabinose et le saccharose. Cependant, le saccharose est remplacé par le fructose dans les baies de S. torvum. Ainsi, ces deux espèces pourraient être de bonnes substances naturelles avec une valeur nutritionnelle et médicinale intéressante. In Africa, many plant species are not sufficiently exploited, despite their undeniable edible values. Among these plants are the bitter eggplants Solanum anguivi Lam and S. torvum commonly called "gnagnan" in Côte d’Ivoire. Berries of these fruit vegetables are dried and analyzed according to standard and conventional methods. Phytochemical sorting revealed that S. torvum contains more sterols, polyphenols, quinones and saponins compared to S. anguivi Lam. Neither eggplant contains toxic alkaloids in the diet. In thin layer chromatography, the sugars detected are glucose, xylose, arabinose and sucrose. However, sucrose is replaced by fructose in the berries of S. torvum. Thus, these two species could be good natural substances with interesting nutritional and medicinal value.

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-429
Author(s):  
Joseph Domenech ◽  
M. Wyers ◽  
J.P. Braun ◽  
Pierre Formenty

Le “syndrome nerveux des ovins” en Côte-d’Ivoire est assimilable à la “nécrose du cortex cérébral” (NCC) due à une carence en vitamine B1. Tous les symptômes classiques de la NCC ont été observés (ataxie locomotrice suivie de paralysies) et les lésions histologiques de polioencéphalomalacie ont été mises en évidence. En revanche, les circonstances d’apparition de la maladie sont très différentes dans les deux cas : si la NCC est une maladie des jeunes ruminants à l’engrais dans les pays développés, le syndrome nerveux des ovins se manifeste essentiellement, en Côte-d’lvoire, durant la saison sèche, lorsque le pâturage devient sec et rare et que la complémentation alimentaire est insuffisante. La cause principale, relativement univoque, est donc représentée par une dégradation brutale de la valeur nutritionnelle de la ration alimentaire, mais l’étiopathogénie précise de la maladie reste inconnue. Dans un troupeau atteint, 10 à 30 % des animaux peuvent être malades et 80 à 90 % d’entre eux vont mourir. Sur le plan du diagnostic, aucune épreuve biochimique classique n’est suffisamment spécifique pour être retenue pour une confirmation formelle du syndrome nerveux. Il faut cependant signaler que les CK (créatinine kinase) sont très régulièrement augmentées et que les ASAT (aspartate aminotransférase) sont élevées dans 75 % des cas. Le diagnostic formel reste donc basé, dans les conditions actuelles pratiques de terrain en Afrique, sur l’efficacité du traitement avec la vitamine B1 et, pour l’animal mort, sur l’analyse histologique du cerveau.


2020 ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Kouakou Kouadio ◽  
Kouassi Martial-Didier Adingra ◽  
Martin Kouadio ◽  
William Kwithony Disseka ◽  
Oscar Jaures Gbotognon ◽  
...  

Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the nutritional and anti-nutritional factors composition of the Solanum torvum fruit. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing laboratory of Nangui Abrogoua University (Côte d’Ivoire), between June 2019 and March 2020. Methodology: Proximate composition, mineral element profile and phytochemical composition of fresh and boiled S torvum berries were investigated. The S torvum fruit were harvested fresh. One part was cooked in boiling water for 25 min while the other part did not undergo any treatment. These two samples were dried in an oven at 45°C for 72 hours, ground and analyzed according to official analytical method. Results: The results indicated that the boiling caused the loss of nutrients except moisture, fibers and lipids. It was noted a significant reduction of nutrient and anti-nutrients content of berries after boiling. Boiled berries showed a higher energy value (57.07 Kcal) than fresh ones (53.12 Kcal). Despite the boiling, S torvum berries showed high levels of polyphenols (142.54 mg GAE/100g DW (dry weight)), carotenoids (12.96 mg βCE/100g DW), vitamin C (12.03 mg/100 g FW), fibers (6.88%) and ash (7.23%). Minerals analysis of S torvum berries indicated that it is rich in potassium (2046.77 mg/100 g DW), calcium (340.92 mg/100g DW), phosphorus (238.71 mg/100g DW) and magnesium (234.97 mg/100g DW) with high predicted bioavailability for calcium, magnesium and zinc. S torvum fruit contains also iron (7.97 mg/100g DW) and zinc (8.10 mg/100g DW) which are essential for organism. Conclusion: These data indicated that this Solanum torvum fruit consumed in East of Côte d’Ivoire could constitute a potential good source of nutrients for local population.


Author(s):  
AL Ocho-Anin Atchibri ◽  
LC Soro ◽  
C Kouame ◽  
EA Agbo ◽  
KKA Kouadio

Author(s):  
Koffi Francis Bienvenu ◽  
Droucoula Guillaume Cyril ◽  
Yessoh Bogui Florian ◽  
Yapi Houphouët Felix ◽  
Okpekon Aboua Timothée

Aims: Gentamicin, a widely used aminoglycoside antibiotic, is recognized as possessing significant nephrotoxic potential in human beings. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Crinum scillifolium on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity using biochemical approaches and determined the most active extract in rat. Study Design: The leaves of Crinum scillifolium were collected in the district of Me (Côte d’Ivoire). The plant was identified and authenticated by the Department of Botany, Felix Houphouet Boigny University of Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire). Place and Duration of Study: Analysis of the plant samples was done in pharmacodynamics Biochemistry Laboratory, Felix Houphouet Boigny University and the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Natural Substances, Felix Houphouet Boigny University between July and August 2018. Methodology: The extractions were execcuted by macerating 100 g of plant dry powder in 1 liter of distilled water (aqueous extraction) or in 2 liters of water / ethanol mixture (30/70 V / (ethanol extraction). The animals were divided according to weight in seven groups each of six rats. The nephroprotective effects were estimated by comparing the effects of the extracts (100 and 200 mg / kg) to that of vitamin E (250 mg / kg) against gentamicin-induced renal failure by (80 mg / kg). Gentamicin is administered to the animals one hour after treatment with the extracts for seven days. Results: The administration of gentamicin through intraperitoneal route to rats for seven days, resulted in an increase in urea and creatinine concentrations as well as decrease of total protein concentration in the serum. The level of total protein and albumin increased in urine after administration of gentamicin. The treatment of animals suffering from nephrotoxicity with Hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of Crinum scillifolium would have significantly reduced (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01) biochemical parameters considered as markers of nephrotoxicity. Conclusion: This study proved that the aqueous extract of Crinum scillifolium possesses a nephroprotective activity against gentamicin-induced kidney failure in rats. So aqueous extract can be useful for preventives applications.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-374
Author(s):  
A. Yao ◽  
A. Hué ◽  
J. Danho ◽  
P. Koffi-Dago ◽  
M. Sanogo ◽  
...  

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