The genus Phaeophyscia Moberg, which belongs to the family Physciaceae, includes about 50 species, with 17 species reported in South Korea. This genus is characterized by a foliose thallus, Physcia/Pachysporaria-type ascospores, a paraplectenchymatous-type lower cortex, and lacking atranorin. In this study, about 650 specimens of Phaeophyscia aligned with the atranorin-absent groups collected from South Korea were re-examined. The taxonomy of these groups in South Korea requires revision based on the analyses of the morphology, chemistry, and molecular phylogeny. We infer that (1) each genus of the main foliose groups of Physciaceae forms a monophyletic clade, which also supports the separation of Phaeophyscia species with a prosoplectenchymatous lower cortex into the genus Physciella; (2) three atranorin-lacking genera were confirmed in South Korea: Hyperphyscia, Phaeophyscia, and Physciella, including a new combination named Physciella poeltii (Frey) D. Liu and J.S. Hur, and three new records from South Korea of Phaeophyscia hunana, P. leana, and P. sonorae; and (3) four species should be excluded from the lichen flora of South Korea: Hyperphyscia adglutinata, Phaeophyscia endococcina, Phaeophyscia erythrocardia, and Phaeophyscia imbricata.
Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny Reveal Three New Records of Wild Mushrooms from India in Lactarius Subgenus Russularia