scholarly journals Cone-beam computed tomography analysis of degenerative changes, condylar excursions and positioning and possible correlations with temporomandibular disorder signs and symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. e225442
Author(s):  
Nayara Stefany Leite-de-Lima ◽  
Eduardo Felippe Duailibi-Neto ◽  
Israel Chilvarquer ◽  
João Gualberto Cerqueira Luz
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Clinical Records

Aim: To describe cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) features in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), in terms of degenerative changes, condylar excursions and positioning as well as their possible correlations with signs and symptoms. Methods: Clinical records of patients diagnosed with TMD who were seen between January 2018 and December 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. These patients were divided into the following groups based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD): arthralgia, myalgia, and arthralgia and myalgia groups. The CBCT examination findings of the patients were evaluated in relation to degenerative changes, estimates of condylar excursion, and condylar positioning. The likelihood ratio test was used to verify the possible differences among the three groups, whereas the chi-square test was used to verify the possible differences among the signs and symptoms for the tomographic findings (p ≤ 0.050). Results: In this study, 65 patients with TMD were included. These patients were predominantly female (84.6%) with a mean age of 40.6 years. Tomographic findings of flattening, hyperexcursion and posterior condylar positioning were frequent. A significant correlation was noted between osteophyte and lateral capsule pain (p = 0.027), erosion and posterior capsule pain (p = 0.026), and flattening, pseudocysts (p < 0.050) and condylar excursion (p < 0.001) with mouth opening. Conclusion: Few correlations were noted between degenerative changes and signs of joint pain as well as degenerative changes and condylar hypoexcursion with mouth opening. These correlations were likely associated with division by diagnosis, whereas condylar positioning did not correlate with signs and symptoms.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Yield of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for Degenerative Changes of the Temporomandibular Joint in Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Marie McKay ◽  
Natalia Vapniarsky ◽  
David Hatcher ◽  
Nicole Carr ◽  
Shuai Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Bone Sclerosis ◽  
Histopathologic Changes

Degenerative changes of the temporomandibular joint (DTMJ) may be diagnosed via cone - beam computed tomography (CBCT). However, despite advancement in CBCT imaging, correlation of DTMJ features identified on CBCT with gross and histological findings is currently limited. This study aimed to correlate CBCT findings of DTMJ of dogs with gross and histopathologic changes. Temporomandibular joints (TMJ) (n = 38) from fresh cadaver heads of asymptomatic dogs (n = 19) were examined radiologically, macroscopically, and microscopically. Association of CBCT - detected DTMJ changes with gross and histological findings were statistically evaluated via kappa statistics and ordinal logistic mixed-effects models. The radiological changes observed on CBCT included joint space narrowing, subchondral/cortical bone changes (i.e., erosions or lysis), osteophytes, and subchondral bone sclerosis. Upon macroscopic evaluation, the majority of examined specimens had mild changes with cartilage defects and osteophytes affecting &lt;10% of the total articular surface area. Histopathologic changes comprised splitting and degeneration of the fibrous cartilage layers, subchondral bone exposure, subchondral bone sclerosis, focal subchondral bone lysis, and occasional cell death. Subchondral sclerosis was the most prevalent finding radiologically and histologically with a fair to excellent agreement. Importantly, the more severe the TMJ degenerative changes, the higher the agreement between CBCT and histology. Based on the correlative results of statistical analysis, CBCT was found to be a suitable modality to evaluate DTMJ.

scholarly journals Cracked Tooth: A Report of Two Cases and Role of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Diagnosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pishipati Vinayak Kalyan Chakravarthy ◽  
Lahari Ajay Telang ◽  
Jayashri Nerali ◽  
Ajay Telang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Distinct Type ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type Of Fracture ◽  
Over Time

Cracked tooth is a distinct type of longitudinal tooth fracture which occurs very commonly and its diagnosis can be challenging. This type of fracture tends to grow and change over time. Clinical diagnosis is difficult because the signs and symptoms are variable or nonspecific and may even resemble post-treatment disease following root canal treatment or periodontal disease. This variety and unpredictability make the cracked tooth a challenging diagnostic entity. The use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in diagnosis of complex endodontic cases has been well documented in the literature. In this paper we present two cases of cracked tooth and emphasise on the timely use of cone beam computed tomography as an aid in diagnosis and as a prognostic determinant.

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