scholarly journals Susbstance P Levels in Children with Atopic Dermatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Khairina Nasution ◽  
Deryne Anggia Paramita ◽  
Nova Zairina Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Group ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Common Skin

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common skin disease in infants and children. AD is influenced by hereditary and environmental factors, and it is characterized by an inflammatory reaction in the skin. In developing countries, children suffering from AD are estimated around 10–20%, of which 60% of the cases persist into adulthood. Substance P is a cutaneous neuropeptide that contributes to the pathogenesis of AD. Substance P promotes the production of nerve growth factors from keratinocytes, and the release of histamine, leukotriene, or tumor necrosis factor from mast cells, which cause the growth of sensory nerve fibers, augmentation of skin inflammation, and are considered pruritogenic factors. Purpose: This study aims to determine the description of substance P in children with atopic dermatitis using a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach. Methods: This is a destructive observational study with a crossectional approach samples were selected from AD patients at the Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital. Result: The largest group of subjects were childhood (2–12 years old), there was 60%, followed by the adolescent group (12–18 years old) and the infant group (<2 years old). In the childhood group, the highest level of substance P was found in girls with a mean of 349.03 ± 146.7. On the other hand, the highest levels of substance P in the adolescent were found in males with a mean of 243.73 ± 64.57 ng/L. Conclusion: In this study, we found that the level of substance p was higher in the childhood group.

scholarly journals Substance P and Alpha-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Differentially Affect Human Osteoarthritic and Healthy Chondrocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Stöckl ◽  
Annett Eitner ◽  
Richard J. Bauer ◽  
Matthias König ◽  
Brian Johnstone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Articular Chondrocytes ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Oa Chondrocytes

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that not only causes cartilage loss but also structural damage in all joint tissues. Joints are innervated by alpha-calcitonin gene-related peptide (αCGRP) and substance P (SP)-positive sensory nerve fibers. Alteration of sensory joint innervation could be partly responsible for degenerative changes in joints that contribute to the development of OA. Therefore, our aim was to analyze and compare the molecular effects of SP and αCGRP on the metabolism of articular chondrocytes from OA patients and non-OA cartilage donors. We treated the cells with SP or αCGRP and analysed the influence of these neuropeptides on chondrocyte metabolism and modulation of signaling pathways. In chondrocytes from healthy cartilage, SP had minimal effects compared with its effects on OA chondrocytes, where it induced inflammatory mediators, inhibited chondrogenic markers and promoted apoptosis and senescence. Treatment with αCGRP also increased apoptosis and senescence and reduced chondrogenic marker expression in OA chondrocytes, but stimulated an anabolic and protective response in healthy chondrocytes. The catabolic influence of SP and αCGRP might be due to activation of ERK signaling that could be counteracted by an increased cAMP response. We suggest that a switch between the G-subunits of the corresponding receptors after binding their ligands SP or αCGRP plays a central role in mediating the observed effects of sensory neuropeptides on chondrocytes.

scholarly journals Development of Numerous Nerve Fibers in the Epidermis of Hairless Mice With Atopic Dermatitis-Like Pruritic Skin Inflammation

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Fujii ◽  
Keisuke Akita ◽  
Nobuaki Mizutani ◽  
Takeshi Nabe ◽  
Shigekatsu Kohno
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Pruritic Skin

scholarly journals Co-localization of the vanilloid capsaicin receptor and substance P in sensory nerve fibers innervating cochlear and vertebro-basilar arteries

Neuroscience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Vass ◽  
C.F Dai ◽  
P.S Steyger ◽  
G Jancsó ◽  
D.R Trune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Capsaicin Receptor ◽  
Basilar Arteries

Sensory Nerve Endings in the Mucosa of the Epiglottis—Morphologic Investigations with Silver Impregnation, Immunohistochemistry, and Electron Microscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takemoto Shin ◽  
Shun Watanabe ◽  
Shigeru Wada ◽  
Tadatsugu Maeyama
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Silver Impregnation ◽  
Taste Bud ◽  
Nerve Endings ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sensory Nerve Endings ◽  
Microscopic Studies

This study was conducted in order to investigate the structure of sensory nerve endings of the human epiglottis and substance P immunoreactive nerve fibers of the canine epiglottis in relationship to physiologic functions of the larynx. The human epiglottis was observed by light microscopy (silver impregnation) and electron microscopy, and the canine epiglottis was studied by peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) immunohistochemistry. The results are summarized as follows: (1) In the membranes of the epiglottis, we observed free endings of simple or complex tree shape, corpuscle endings with glomerular patterns, and taste-bud-like structures, and (2) electron microscopic studies revealed varicosity of the terminal axon with processes that contained small, clear and large, dense cored vesicles. Substance P was observed in these structures, and it was suggested that substance P was related to perception in the larynx.

Substance P (NK1) receptor immunoreactivity on endothelial cells of the rat tracheal mucosa

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (3) ◽  
pp. L404-L414 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Bowden ◽  
P. Baluk ◽  
P. M. Lefevre ◽  
S. R. Vigna ◽  
D. M. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Receptor Internalization ◽  
Nk1 Receptor ◽  
Tracheal Mucosa ◽  
Nk1 Receptors ◽  
Plasma Leakage

Substance P released from sensory nerve fibers causes plasma leakage through an action on neurokinin-1 (NK1 or substance P) receptors. However, it is unknown whether the leakage results from a direct action of substance P on endothelial cells. We determined the distribution of NK1 receptors at sites of plasma leakage in the rat tracheal mucosa, using NK1 receptor-immunoreactive endosomes as markers of substance P-induced receptor internalization. We found that immunoreactive endosomes were located in the endothelial cells of venules and capillaries but not in those of arterioles. Five minutes after vagal stimulation for 1 min, the number of immunoreactive endosomes in endothelial cells was increased 5-fold in postcapillary venules (mean of 17.4 endosomes/100 micron2 compared with a baseline value of 3.4), 15-fold in collecting venules (12.1 compared with 0.8), and 4-fold in capillaries (2.5 compared with 0.7). No endosomes were found in arterioles under either condition. The number of immunoreactive endosomes in individual vessels corresponded to the amount of stimulus-induced plasma leakage. Both the receptor internalization and the plasma leakage were blocked by the selective NK1 receptor antagonist SR-140333 (100 microgram/kg iv). Although both substance P (5 microgram/kg iv) and platelet-activating factor (5 microgram/kg iv) caused plasma leakage, only substance P induced receptor internalization. We conclude that substance P, released from sensory nerve fibers, causes plasma leakage through a direct action on endothelial cells of venules, and that this action is followed by the internalization of NK1 receptors into endosomes.

scholarly journals Substance P Regulates Environmental Tobacco Smoke-Enhanced Tracheal Smooth Muscle Responsiveness in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lan Xiao ◽  
Zhong-Xin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Electrical Field Stimulation ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Tracheal Smooth Muscle ◽  
Airway Responses

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is an environmental trigger that leads to airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in susceptible individuals and animals, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Substance P (SP) release from sensory nerve fibers has been linked to AHR. The present experiments characterize the role of SP in tracheal smooth muscle on ETS-increased airway responses. The mice were exposed to either sidestream tobacco smoke (SS), a surrogate to ETS, or filtered air (FA) for 1 day or 5 consecutive days. Contractions of tracheal smooth muscle to SP and electrical field stimulation (EFS) were not significantly altered in 1 of day SS-exposed mice. However, 5 of days SS exposure significantly increased airway smooth muscle contractions to SP and EFS. Administration of CP-99994, an antagonist of the neurokinin (NK)1 receptor, attenuates the SS exposure-enhanced tracheal smooth muscle responses to EFS. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry showed that SP nerve fibers were increased in tracheal smooth muscle after 5 of days SS exposure. These results suggest that the increased SP production may contribute to SS-enhanced smooth muscle responsiveness in mice trachea.

Nitric oxide modulates renal sensory nerve fibers by mechanisms related to substance P receptor activation

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (1) ◽  
pp. R279-R290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla C. Kopp ◽  
Michael Z. Cicha ◽  
Lori A. Smith ◽  
Tomas Hökfelt
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Renal Nerve ◽  
Inhibitory Neurotransmitter ◽  
Pelvic Perfusion ◽  
Pelvic Pressure

Nerve terminals containing neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) are localized in the renal pelvic wall where the sensory nerves containing substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are found. We examined whether nNOS is colocalized with substance P and CGRP. All renal pelvic nerve fibers that contained nNOS-like immunoreactivity (-LI) also contained substance P-LI and CGRP-LI. In anesthetized rats, renal pelvic perfusion with the nNOS inhibitor S-methyl-l-thiocitrulline (l-SMTC, 20 μM) prolonged the afferent renal nerve activity (ARNA) response to a 3-min period of increased renal pelvic pressure from 5 ± 0.4 to 21 ± 2 min ( P < 0.01, n = 14). The magnitude of the ARNA response was unaffected byl-SMTC. Similar effects were produced by N ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) but not d-NAME. Increasing renal pelvic pressure produced similar increases in renal pelvic release of substance P before and during l-SMTC, from 5.9 ± 1.4 to 13.6 ± 4.2 pg/min before and from 4.9 ± to 12.6 ± 2.7 pg/min during l-SMTC. l-SMTC also prolonged the ARNA response to renal pelvic perfusion with substance P (3 μM) from 1.2 ± 0.2 to 5.6 ± 1.1 min ( P < 0.01, n = 9) without affecting the magnitude of the ARNA response. In conclusion: activation of NO may function as an inhibitory neurotransmitter regulating the activation of renal mechanosensory nerve fibers by mechanisms related to activation of substance P receptors.

scholarly journals 1006 Type 2 immune cells selectively interact with skin sensory nerve fibers in atopic dermatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S171
Author(s):  
L. Oetjen ◽  
L. Yang ◽  
T. Whelan ◽  
S. Hamilton ◽  
P. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers

Profil Penyakit Malaria Di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Tahun 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 08-15
Author(s):  
Rahma Triyana ◽  
Salmi Salmi
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Malaria is one of the health problems in Indonesia, especially West Sumatra. Determination of the description of Malaria disease in an area is needed to determine the spread and severity of the disease. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution according to age, sex and place of residence, description of the types of Plasmodium causes of Malaria and hematological features in Malaria patients at Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018. This type of research is a descriptive observational study with an approach or design cross section (cross sectional). The frequency distribution of Malaria sufferers in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 according to the highest age was in the age group 21-30 years as many as 28 cases (36.8%), the highest sex among men was 46 (60.5%) and the highest number of residences was found in Koto Tangah sub-district there were 31 cases (40.8%). The type of Plasmodium found in Malaria cases in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 was P. vivax (73 cases (96.05%)) and P. falciparum (3 cases (3.95%)). The results of laboratory tests on Hb, hematocrit, platelet and leukocyte levels in Malaria positive patients in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 were in the normal range.

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