scholarly journals Optimization of Additional Composition Variations ZnO Nanoparticles on The Characteristics of Porous Hydroxypatite as Bone Filler

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Fardatul Azkiyah ◽  
Drs. Djony Izak Rudyardjo, M.Si. ◽  
Jan Ady

Research on the synthesis and characterization of porous hydroxyapatite with the addition of ZnO nanoparticles has been carried out through a combination of foam immersion and injection methods. This research was conducted to optimize the previous research by increasing the variation of ZnO composition and adding the injection method to the research process. The materials used in this research include hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, ZnO nanoparticles, Aquades, PVA and polyurethane foam. Manufacturing is done by immersing polyurethane foam into a slurry. Slurry is a mixture of PVA and hydroxyapatite solutions with variations in the addition of ZnO nanoparticles (8 wt%, 10 wt%, 12 wt%, and 14 wt%). Then inject the remaining slurry into the foam. After that the sample was dried and heated at a temperature of 650ºC to remove foam and PVA, then the sample was sintered at a temperature of 1200ºC for 3 hours. Based on SEM analysis, porosity test, and compressive strength test, the best results were shown by sample IV because it had a pore diameter of 142.9 – 371.4 m with a porosity of 69.983%, a compressive strength value of 1.8653 MPa and non-toxic. The best results have not met the standard for bone filler application. In further research, improvements need to be made by using other additives such as ZrO2, so that it can improve the mechanical properties of porous hydroxyapatite to meet standard bone filler applications.

2019 ◽  
Vol 966 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Siswanto ◽  
Dyah Hikmawati ◽  
Aminatun ◽  
Miranda Zamawi Ichsan

Synthesis of porous hydroxyapatite-collagen composites for bone implant applications has been carried out. Hydroxyapatite synthesized from coral by the precipitation method, while Collagen synthesized from chicken claws. Collagen formation was carried out by freeze-dry technique with variations in freezing time of 2, 4 and 6 hours at -80 ° C. The next process was by drying in a lyophilizer. Characterization of samples was carried out using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), compressive strength test and cytotoxicity test with Microtetrazolium (MTT) assay. FTIR results proved that collagen uptake and hydroxyapatite combine chemically. This is indicated by the absorption of functional groups that did not coincide between collagen and hydroxyapatite functional groups with composites. SEM observations showed that the largest pore size was obtained at freezing for 2 hours which was 774 μm and the smallest in freezing for 6 hours was 640 μm. This pore size was an important parameter of the bone implant because it played a role in the osteoinductive process. The composite compressive strength test results for freezing 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours respectively was 737 KPa, 842 KPa and 707.7 KPa. The results of the cytotoxicity test with MTT showed the percentage of cell viability above 100%. This means that the Hydroxyapatite-collagen composite is non-toxic. So, the sample formed has qualified as a bone implant candidate.


Author(s):  
Masri A Rivai ◽  
Zainul Bahri ◽  
Aziiz Yudhatama

The use of additional materials as a mixture in the manufacture of concrete is progressive. The materials used are also increasingly varied, depending on the expected results, the added material that will hopefully achieve the expected quality of the concrete is f'c 24.9 MPa This research aims to increase the percentage of concrete increase in the percentage of addition of sugar cane dust and palm shell ash.This research uses cylindrical specimens with a total of 42 specimens consisting of 2.5% and 5% bagasse ash and 0, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% palm shell ash as materials. alternative to the strength of the compressive strength test concrete for 28 days.Based on the results of testing the compressive strength of cylindrical concrete, it is concluded that the increase in compressive strength is the largest. can be obtained 5% bagasse ash and 5% palm shell ash with a characteristic value of f'C 26.31 Mpa for 28 daysKeywords: Concrete, bagasse ash, palm shell ash, compressive strength


Author(s):  
Alfian Pramudita Putra ◽  
Annisa Aulia Rahmah ◽  
Nia Fitriana ◽  
Sayyidati Arristifanniy Rohim ◽  
Miftakhul Jannah ◽  
...  

Based on data from Indonesian Health Ministry in 2009, osteoporosis case reached 19,7 % of the populations in Indonesia, especially women in menopause period. The treatment was performed by consuming bisphosphonate drugs per oral which was not effective since the absorption intake of the drug was only less than 55% of the intake dosage. Because of that, the bone filler which also has a function as drug delivery system was developed. The hydroxyapatite-gelatin bone filler with the addition of alendronate was studied. To increase the characteristics of this bone filler, glutaraldehyde was introduced in the composite as a crosslinking agent. The concentration of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% were used. The bone filler was then characterized based on FTIR test, morphology test, compressive strength test, cytotoxicity test, and degradation test. The FTIR result showed that there was no significant difference between the sample with and without glutaraldehyde since the crosslinking bond of glutaraldehyde and gelatin was C=N bond which also presented in the gelatin. The morphology of the samples depicted a bigger pore size for higher glutaraldehyde concentration which also supported by lower compressive strength. All the samples were non-toxic based on the cytotoxicity test which had cell viability more than 100%. The degradation tests showed that with the presence of glutaraldehyde in the bone filler could maintain its form longer than the bone filler without glutaraldehyde. In conclusion, the presence of glutaraldehyde could increase the characteristics of the hydroxyapatite-gelatin composite with the addition of alendronate as a bone filler candidate for osteoporotic bone.


2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Çelik Sola ◽  
Murat Yayla ◽  
Barış Sayın ◽  
Cengiz Duran Atiş

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the different types of fly ash on the compressive strength properties of sintered briquettes. Thermal gravimetric (TG) analysis was carried out. The chemical composition and physical properties of the materials used were determined. Particle size distribution and microstructure elemental analyses of the materials used were carried out by a particle size analyzer (Mastersizer) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDS). Following the characterization of the materials, briquettes were prepared by sintering at different temperatures. Compressive strength test results of the briquette samples indicated that briquettes with a compressive strength value of 47.45 N/mm2can be produced. The results obtained exceed the Turkish standard (TS EN 771-1) requirements (9.8–23.54 N/mm2). SEM-EDS results showed that briquette samples made with Tunçbilek (T) fly ash had a higher percentage of the glassy phase than the other briquette samples. Due to this microstructure, it results in higher compressive strength value.


Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 4964
Author(s):  
Ana Ivanišević ◽  
Valentina Brzović Rajić ◽  
Ana Pilipović ◽  
Matej Par ◽  
Hrvoje Ivanković ◽  
...  

The aim of this research was to investigate the compressive strength (CS), breaking strength (BS), and compressive modulus (CM) of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified with TiO2 nano particles, marine-derived hydroxyapatite (md-HAp) microparticles (<45 µm), and a combination of TiO2 NP and md-HAp particles. The materials used in the study were conventional GIC Fuji IX GP Extra (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), TiO2 powder P25 (Degussa, Essen, Germany), and HAp synthesized from cuttlefish bone and ground in a mortar to obtain md-HAp powder. md-HAp was characterized using FTIR and SEM analysis. There were four groups of GIC samples: (i) Fuji IX control group, (ii) powder modified with 3 wt% TiO2, (iii) powder modified with 3 wt% HAp, and (iv) powder modified with 1.5 wt% TiO2 + 1.5 wt% HAp. Measurements were performed in a universal testing machine, and CS, BS, and CM were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey’s tests. CS, BS, and CM differed significantly between the Fuji IX control group and all experimental groups while differences between the experimental groups were not statistically significant. The addition of TiO2 NP, md-HAp micro-sized particles, and a combination of TiO2 and md-HAp reduced the CS, BS, and CM of conventional GICs when mixed at the powder/liquid (p/l) ratio recommended by the manufacturer.


2016 ◽  
Vol 841 ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus ◽  
Joshepine Hulu ◽  
Gede S.P. Dalton ◽  
Elsa Malinda ◽  
Rizal Agung Prakosa

Silica scaling is one of major problems in geothermal power plant. Silica recovery is a promising method to solve this particular problem in regard to silica utilization as geopolimer concrete. In this experimental study, bentonite was used as raw alumina source. Experiments were conducted by means observing the geopolymerization through alkaline activator ratio, raw material ratio, and temperature optimization. After mixing and casting for 24 hours, samples were cured at 80°C, 100°C, and 120°C for certain period of time and kept at room temperature for 7 days before compressive strength test. The optimum curing time and temperature gained from this experiment were 120 minutes and 100°C with compressive strength of 29.16 MPa. The development of geopolymer bond and microstructure of samples were then investigated by SEM technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis also showed better improvement in geopolymer layer of concrete sample with increasing curing temperature.


Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Pauls P. Argalis ◽  
Laura Vitola ◽  
Diana Bajare ◽  
Kristine Vegere

A major problem in the field of adsorbents is that binders (kaolin clay, bentonite) introduced to bind zeolites and ensure the needed mechanical strength, are not able to sorb gases like CO2 and N2, and decrease the overall adsorption capacity. To solve this problem, one of the pathways is to introduce a binder able to sorb such gases. Thus, in this study, the physical and mechanical properties of a novel binder based on metakaolin and its composite with zeolite 4A in the granular form were studied. Metakaolin was used as a precursor for alkali-activated binder, which was synthesized using an 8M NaOH activation solution. Raw materials were characterized using granulometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential thermal analysis (DTA); and final products were characterized using density measurements, a compressive strength test, XRD, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Alkali-activated metakaolin was found to be efficient as a binding material when data for morphological properties were analyzed. A relationship was observed—by increasing the liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), compressive strength decreased. Zeolite granule attrition was higher than expected: 2.42% and 4.55% for ZG-0.8, 3.64% and 5.76% for ZG-1.0, and 2.73% and 4.85% for ZG-1.2, measured at 4 and 5 atmospheres, respectively.


2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 942-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Gulati ◽  
Moushumi Ghosh

Sphingomonas paucimobilis, an oligotroph, is well recognized for its potential for biofilm formation. The present study explored the biofilm forming ability of a strain isolated from municipal drinking water on plumbing materials. The intensity of biofilm formation of this strain on different plumbing materials was examined by using 1 × 1 cm2 pieces of six different pipe materials, i.e. polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), aluminium (Al), copper (Cu) and rubber (R) and observing by staining with the chemical chromophore, Calcofluor. To understand whether biofilm formation occurs under flow through conditions, a laboratory-scale simulated distribution system, comprised of the above materials was fabricated. Biofilm samples were collected from the designed system at different biofilm ages (10, 40 and 90 hours old) and enumerated. The results indicated that the biofilm formation occurred on all plumbing materials with Cu and R as exceptions. The intensity of biofilm formation was found to be maximum on PVC followed by PP and PE. We also demonstrated the chemical chromophore (Calcofluor) successfully for rapid and easy visual detection of biofilms, validated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of the plumbing materials. Chlorination has little effect in preventing biofilm development.


2015 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Sumrerng Rukzon ◽  
Prinya Chindaprasirt

This research studies the potential for using waste ash from industrial and agricultural by-products as a pozzolanic material. Classified fly ash (FA) and ground rice husk ash (RA) were the materials used. Water requirement, compressive strength and porosity of cement mortar were investigated. Test results indicated that FA and RA (waste ash) have a high potential to be used as a good pozzolanic material. The water requirement of mortar mix decreases with the increases in fly ash content. For ground rice husk ash (RA), the water requirement of mortar mix increases with the increases in rice husk ash content. In addition, the reduction in porosity was associated with the increase in compressive strength.


Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2232
Author(s):  
Huiwen Wan ◽  
Zhangyin Hu ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Jiadong Xiao

Electrical properties are one of the essential parameters of cement-based materials used in suspension porcelain insulators. This paper studied the electrical properties of aluminate cement adhesives (ACA) containing silica fume (SF), as well as their compressive strength and porosity. The results indicated that the addition of silica fume improved the resistivity of ACA under a saturated state (relative humidity is 50%). This was mainly attributed to the decrease of the ACA’s pore connectivity due to the SF’s filling effect. However, the early compressive strength of ACA was slightly reduced by the addition of SF. Under an unsaturated state, the ACA’s resistivity without the SF gradually exceeded that with the SF at the extension of drying time. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results indicated that the addition of SF content increased the ACA’s porosity; for the tiny pores especially, (the size less than 25 nm), this increased by 3.4%. Meanwhile, the addition of SF increased the tortuosity of the ACA’s conductive channels, which could improve its resistivity. Therefore, SF is recommended to be used in cement-based adhesives on insulators to lower the cost and improve the resistivity.


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