scholarly journals Total plate count of commercial pasteurized milk sold by street vendors in Mulyorejo sub-district Surabaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Lailatul Maghfiroh ◽  
A. T. Soelih Estoepangestie ◽  
Tri Nurhajati ◽  
Nenny Harijani ◽  
Mustofa Helmi Effendi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Department ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Public Health Department ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Veterinary Public Health ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
The Government

Food and nutritional quality of society is one of mine focuses of the government. Milk have complete nutrients but also can be the source food borne disease. The Veterinary Public Health itself has the responsibility to provide guarantees of food safety from animal resources which is called ASUH (safe, healthy, wholesome and halal) to be consumed by society. This study aimed to know the Total Plate Count of commercial pasteurized milk sold by street vendors in Mulyorejo Sub-district Surabaya. The study was conducted from January until February 2018 at the Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Thirty samples of commercial pasteurized milk were bought from three street vendors then examined using Pour Plate Method of Total Plate Count. Total Plate Count result showed that the number of bacteria in commercial pasteurized milk sold by street vendors in Mulyorejo Sub-district Surabaya was 1.0 x 104 CFU/ml, that met the National Standard of Indonesia (SNI) 01-3951-1995.

Körperliche Beschwerden bei älteren Migranten in Deutschland 1Erstellt unter Mitwirkung der Arbeitsgruppe «Abuse of the Elderly in the European Region» (ABUEL): Joaquim F. J. Soares, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Francisco Torres-González, Departmental Section of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University of Granada, Spain; Elisabeth Ioannidi-Kapolou, National School of Public Health, Department of Sociology, Athens, Greece; Giovanni Lamura, Italian National Research Centre on Ageing Department of Gerontological Research, Unit of Health Economics, Ancona, Italy; Mindaugas Stankunas, Kaunas University of Medicine, Department of Health Management, A. Mickeviciaus, Kaunas, Lithuania; Henrique Barros, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal.

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosina-Martha Csöff ◽  
Gloria Macassa ◽  
Jutta Lindert
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Management ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Public Health Department ◽  
Karolinska Institute ◽  
Psychological Medicine ◽  
Körperliche Beschwerden

Körperliche Beschwerden sind bei Älteren weit verbreitet; diese sind bei Migranten bislang in Deutschland und international noch wenig untersucht. Unsere multizentrische Querschnittstudie erfasste körperliche Beschwerden bei Menschen im Alter zwischen 60 und 84 Jahren mit Wohnsitz in Stuttgart anhand der Kurzversion des Gießener Beschwerdebogens (GBB-24). In Deutschland wurden 648 Personen untersucht, davon 13.4 % (n = 87) nicht in Deutschland geborene. Die Geschlechterverteilung war bei Migranten und Nichtmigranten gleich; der sozioökonomische Status lag bei den Migranten etwas niedriger: 8.0 % (n = 7) der Migranten und 2.5 % (n = 14) der Nichtmigranten verfügten über höchstens vier Jahre Schulbildung; 12.6 % (n = 11) der Migranten und 8.2 % (n = 46) der Nichtmigranten hatten ein monatliches Haushaltsnettoeinkommen von unter 1000€; 26.4 % der Migranten und 38.1 % (n = 214) der Nichtmigranten verfügten über mehr als 2000€ monatlich. Somatische Beschwerden lagen bei den Migranten bei 65.5 % (n = 57) und bei den Nichtmigranten bei 55.8 % (n = 313). Frauen wiesen häufiger somatische Beschwerden auf (61.8 %) als Männer (51.8 %). Mit steigendem Alter nahmen somatische Beschwerden zu. Mit Ausnahme der Altersgruppe der 70–74-Jährigen konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen Migranten und Nichtmigranten hinsichtlich der Häufigkeit körperlicher Beschwerden gezeigt werden. Ausblick: Es werden dringend bevölkerungsrepräsentative Studien zu körperlichen Beschwerden bei Migranten benötigt.

Pengaruh Suhu Penyimpanan terhadap Organoleptik, Derajat Keasaman dan Pertumbuhan Bakteri Coliform pada Susu Pasteurisasi

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustina Arianita Cahyaningtyas ◽  
Wiwik Pudjiastuti ◽  
Ilham Ramdhan
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Initial Analysis ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Plate Count Method ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Total Coliform Bacteria

One attempt to reduce the number of pathogenic microbes in milk is through the pasteurization process. This research aims to determine the effect of storage temperature on the organoleptic, acidity (pH) and growth of coliform bacteria in pasteurized milk. Pasteurized milk is stored at the varies of temperature  4°C (observed for 14 days), 10°C-15°C (observed for 14 days) and 25°C-27°C (observed for 22 hours), as well as also conducted an initial analysis pasteurized milk. The parameters were observed among other organoleptic (smell, taste, color, texture), pH and total coliform bacteria. Testing acidity using pH paper, while the growth of coliform bacteria testing done using Total Plate Count method based on ISO 2897 in 2008. The results of this study indicate that storage at 4°C for 14 days, organoleptic pasteurized milk is still good until the day ke- 8, pH progressively decreases, and the growth of coliform bacteria obtained the highest score of 3100x101 CFU / ml. Storage at 10°C-15°C for 14 days, organoleptic pasteurized milk is still good until the 6th day, the pH progressively decreases, and the growth of coliform bacteria obtained the highest score of 5729x101 CFU / ml. Storage at 25°C-27°C for 22 days, organoleptic pasteurized milk is still good until the 9th, pH progressively decreases, and the growth of coliform bacteria obtained the highest score of 4.3 x106 CFU / ml.ABSTRAKSalah satu usaha untuk mengurangi jumlah mikroba patogen pada susu adalah melalui proses pasteurisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu penyimpanan terhadap organoleptik, derajat keasaman (pH) dan pertumbuhan bakteri Coliform pada susu pasteurisasi. Susu pasteurisasi disimpan pada suhu yang bervariasi yaitu suhu 4°C (diamati selama 14 hari), suhu 10°C-15°C (diamati selama 14 hari) dan suhu 25°C-27°C (diamati selama 22 jam), serta dilakukan pula analisa awal susu pasteurisasi. Parameter yang diamati antara lain organoleptik (bau, rasa, warna, tekstur), pH dan jumlah bakteri Coliform. Pengujian derajat keasaman menggunakan kertas pH, sedangkan pengujian pertumbuhan bakteri Coliform dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Total Plate Count berdasarkan SNI 2897 Tahun 2008. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyimpanan pada suhu 4°C selama 14 hari, organoleptik susu pasteurisasi masih baik sampai dengan hari ke-8, pH semakin lama semakin menurun, dan pertumbuhan bakteri Coliform didapatkan nilai tertinggi sebesar 3100x101 Cfu/ml. Penyimpanan pada suhu 10°C-15°C selama 14 hari, organoleptik susu pasteurisasi masih baik sampai hari ke-6, pH semakin lama semakin menurun, dan pertumbuhan bakteri Coliform didapatkan nilai tertinggi sebesar 5729x101 Cfu/ml. Penyimpanan pada suhu 25°C-27°C selama 22 hari, organoleptik susu pasteurisasi masih baik sampai jam ke-9, pH semakin lama semakin menurun, dan pertumbuhan bakteri Coliform didapatkan nilai tertinggi sebesar 4,3 x106 Cfu/ml.Kata kunci : bakteri coliform, derajat keasaman, suhu penyimpanan, organoleptik, susu pasteurisasi

Blowing Away Shot Pain: A Technique for Pain Management During Immunization During Immunization

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina M. French ◽  
Eileen C. Painter ◽  
Daniel L. Coury
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Public Health Department ◽  
Painful Procedure ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Tetanus Immunization ◽  
Active Distraction

Objective. To study the effect of an active distraction technique on pain in preschool children receiving diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus immunization. Design. Randomized, unblinded controlled study. Setting. Columbus Public Health Department Immunization Clinics. Participants. One hundred forty-nine 4- to 7-year-old children. Intervention. Children were taught to blow out air repeatedly during the injection, as if they were blowing bubbles. Results. Children who were taught to blow out air during their shots had significantly fewer pain behaviors (P < .04) and demonstrated a trend toward lower subjectively reported pain (P = .06). There was no significant difference in the nurse or parent visual analog scale scores. Conclusions. A simple distraction technique can be effective in helping children cope with the pain of immunization. The use of such a technique to relieve the pain and distress associated with even a brief painful procedure should be encouraged.

scholarly journals An investigation of the quality of meat sold in Lesotho

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Seeiso ◽  
C.M.E. McCrindle
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Veterinary Public Health ◽  
Slaughter Slabs

Since the closure of the Lesotho abattoir in 2003, only imported meat can be legally sold. However, it was estimated in 2007 that 80 % of the meat sold at butcheries comes from informal slaughter. The aim of this study was to investigate the situation. The number and location of informal butcheries in Lesotho (n = 143) were recorded and mapped using Geographical Information Systems. Observations (photographs) of informal slaughter indicated a lack of hygiene, unskilled slaughtermen and illegal disposal of offal with possible environmental pollution. In addition, a cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the microbiological quality of meat from randomly selected carcasses (n = 237) of cattle, sheep and pigs from a sample of 44 butcheries, 4 of which were associated with registered supermarkets. As a control, samples for microbiological assay were taken from imported meat originating from carcasses (n = 20) slaughtered at a registered abattoir in South Africa. Of the 44 butcheries investigated only the 4 commercial butcheries associated with supermarkets sold imported meat only; 3 butcheries sold meat inspected at government slaughter slabs (n = 3), while the rest (n = 37) sold both imported and informally slaughtered meat. In terms of Lesotho legislation, informally slaughtered meat is only for home consumption. The bacteriological counts from all samples showed a total bacterial plate count exceeding 30 organisms per mℓ in contrast with the controls which all showed a count less than 5 colonies per mℓ. This was found for both imported and informally slaughtered meat sold in Lesotho. In addition, meat samples from butcheries showed the presence of the potential pathogens Salmonella (n = 2), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 12) and Escherichia coli (n=15). During the study, anthrax was confirmed in 9 human patients, 5 of whom died, after consumption of informally slaughtered livestock. Although no cases of animal abuse were detected, it was considered that informal slaughter can prejudice livestock welfare. It was concluded that the current situation is not acceptable in terms of meat safety. Thus, the Veterinary Public Health Directorate of the National Veterinary Services has prioritised the monitoring of butchers, registration of slaughter slabs and a general extension campaign to improve hygiene and animal welfare standards for slaughter in Lesotho. This paper highlights the major risks associated with meat consumption without Veterinary Public Health intervention in accordance with international standards.

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