scholarly journals Worker Characteristics and Dust Exposure to Pulmonary Function Status in Jumping Saw Division Of Wood Industry At Banyuwangi: An Association Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Desy Tri Wulansari
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lung Physiology ◽  
Dust Level ◽  
Worker Characteristics

Wood dust in the air will bring serious health problems if it is prolonged. Wood Dust has effect for health due to  its effect on , pulmonary function via respiratory system entrance. The aim of this study was to analyze the  association of worker characteristics and dust exposure to pulmonary function status in jumping saw division workers in wood industry Sempu, Banyuwangi. The research was observasional with cross sectional desain. Research data was obtained by giving questionnaire to respondent, measurement of dust level by using HVAS and lung physiology examination using spirometry tool. The sampel in this research was 7 workers in the part of jumping saw and 6 worker in the part of office. Data were analyzed with chi square statistical test  to analyzing the association and statistical t-test to analyzing difference  pulmonary function status between to 2 groups. The result showed that dust level in the exposure groups of jumping saw workers was 19,90 mg/m3 and non-exposure group  (office) was 0,089 mg/m3, suitable with Permenakertrans No. 13/MEN/X/2011 is 5 mg/m3. Results of lung function measurement showed that normal 15,38% and impairment 84,62%. It is concluded that no associoation between age, length of employment, smoking habit, respiratory ptotective equipment usage habit, respiratory diseases history and  dust exposure to pulmonary function status, except association between nutrion status with pulmonary function status. The company should monitor the levels of wood dust, to ensure that it does not exceed the NAB and regular lung physiological health checks.

scholarly journals Literature Review : Risk Factors Wood Dust Exposure on Workers Lung Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Faradilla Nikmah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Organic Dust ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status

Introduction: Health problems caused by environmental factors are still one of the main things to note. One of the dangers in the work environment is the presence of organic dust including wood dust. Organic dust flying in the air is able to interfere with the health of the workers through the respiratory tract. The resulting wood dust is at risk causing lung faal status disorders in workers. This article aims to explore risks factors for wood dust exposure to the status of lung faal in wood industry workers based on the previously performed research from published journals. Discussion: This research used a method of literature study with a comparative study approach. The selected research should be in appropriated with the topic and through the protocols that have been set to become secondary data. The results of data analysis indicated that almost all research use observational analytic types with cross sectional approaches. Wood dust that has entered through the respiratory tract worker is influenced by several variables. The most often used risk factors as a research variable are dust levels, age, use of PPE, and smoking habit. Conclusion: The research can be concluded that independent variables of selected research are less varied. The selected research variables already existed in previous research. Upcoming researchers are expected to be able display new variables that are suspected to affect the status of the lung Faal on wood industry workers.

scholarly journals RELATION OF WORKER CHARACTERISTICS AND PERSONAL DUST LEVEL TO THE VITAL LUNG CAPACITY OF WORKERS IN THE FURNITURE INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Putri Arini
Keyword(s):  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Furniture Industry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dust Level ◽  
Worker Characteristics

ABSTRACTFurniture industry is one of growing industry in Indonesia which has rapid growth. The process of its production brings one complex problem; wood dust. Workers who engage in the production process will have problem with their lung which can lead problem into their respiratory system. It is caused by the wood dust that mixed into oxygen they breath. Furthermore, if this condition happens in long period, it become a serious problem; impairment of vital pulmonary capacity. Besides, the impairment of vital pulmonary capacity can occur due to workers characteristics or conditions such as age, working history, working period, shelf period, illness history, smoking habit, diet, exercise, and the wearing of APD. The purpose of this research was to find out the relation between workers characteristics and personal dust level within vital capacity of lung. This research used cross sectional design with 17 respondents which was took by simple random sampling technique. This research took place at furniture industry X in Tubanan, Tandes, Surabaya, started from April to May 2018. Data was analysed using chi-square test and independent t-test with accuracy up to 95%. Data was collected through interview, observation, and measurement. The result of this research showed that there was correlation between working period, shelf period, and smoking habit within vital pulmonary capacity. The conclusion of this research was that working period, shelf period, smoking habit had important role to workers vital pulmonary capacity in furniture industry.Keywords: worker characteristics, wood dust, vital capacity of lung, furniture industry

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PAPARAN DEBU DENGAN KAPASITAS FUNGSI PARU PERAJIN BATU PARAS DI DESA KETEWEL, SUKAWATI, GIANYAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Putu Wulan Putri Amerta ◽  
I Made Ady Wirawan
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related

ABSTRAK Kapasitas fungsi paru merupakan kesanggupan paru-paru dalam menampung udara didalamnya. Perajin batu paras yang bekerja di lingkungan yang terpapar debu dalam jangka panjangnya akan menimbulkan penyakit akibat kerja salah satunya berupa gangguan kapasitas fungsi paru. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor individu dan konsentrasi paparan debu dengan kapasitas fungsi paru pada perajin batu paras di Desa Ketewel, Sukawati, Gianyar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional analitik. Responden penelitian ini adalah seluruh perajin batu paras yang ada di Desa Ketewel yang berjumlah 60 orang. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivaraiat dengan uji Chi-square, dan multivariate dengan multiple logistic regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 56,67% perajin batu paras mengalami gangguan kapasitas fungsi paru. Faktor yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kapasitas fungsi paru adalah paparan debu (p=0, 04; OR=4,70; 95% CI 1,09-20,24). Disimpulkan bahwa paparan debu berhubungan signifikan dengan kapasitas fungsi paru perajin batu paras di Desa Ketewel. Disarankan kepada pemilik usaha batu paras bekerjasama dengan pihak kesehatan keselamatan kerja setempat dalam hal sosialisasi bahaya penyakit akibat kerja khususnya bahaya paparan debu. Kata Kunci: Paparan Debu, Perajin Batu Paras, Faktor Individu, Kapasitas Fungsi Paru   ABSTRACT The pulmonary function capacity is the ability of the lungs to hold air in it. Paras stone Artisan who work in the environment which exposed to dust in the long run will cause work-related diseases, one of them is a disruption of lung function capacity.The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between individual factors and the concentration of dust exposure with lung function capacity in sandstone artisans in Ketewel Village. This study is an analytical cross-sectional study. The respondents of this study were all paras stone artisans in Ketewel Village, which numbered 60 people. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate with Chi-square test, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression. The results showed that 56.67% of paras stone artisans had pulmonary function capacity. Factors significantly associated with pulmonary function capacity were exposure to dust (p = 0, 04; OR = 4.70; 95% CI 1.09-20.24). It was concluded that dust exposure was significantly associated with pulmonary function capacity of paras stone artisans in Ketewel Village. It is recommended to the business owner of the sandstone to work with the local occupational health authorities in terms of socializing the dangers of occupational diseases, especially the danger of dust exposure. Key words: Paras Stone Artisan, Dust Exposure, Individual Factor, Pulmonary Function Capacity

scholarly journals KADAR DEBU DAN KELUHAN PERNAFASAN TENAGA KERJA (Studi Kasus Pada Tenaga Kerja di Gudang dan Penyortiran Bahan Baku Produksi Tali Rfia PT. Hobab Perkasa di Jombang)

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjar Pra Setyaningati ◽  
Musta'in . ◽  
Erna Triastuti
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Exhaust Ventilation ◽  
Exhaust Ventilation ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Dust Level ◽  
Cross Tabulation ◽  
Respiratory Complaints

Impacts of dust exposure may disturb working enjoymeny and in longer priod may causedisturbances on respiratory passages and pulmonary functions. In addition to dust exposure,respiratory complaints may be caused by other factors relating to the workers, such as age,length of occupation that may explain how long was a worker was exposed to dust, smokinghabit and their habit in wearing protective masks to protect their respiration. The purposes ofthis research was to describe level of dust concentration and complaints relating to workers'respiration. The study also engaged in the assessment of controlling efforts that includetechnical, administrative controls and the use self-protective devicesThis was a descriptive study using a cross sectional approach. Data collection was doneby observation, interviews and measurements. Population under study was the entire workerswho worked at warehouses and raw material sorting division. The number of the sample wasthe total of population of workers that amounted to 30 workers. Data were analyzeddescriptively using cross tabulation which explained the object under study.Result of the study indicated that the dust level measured from 30 samples was incompliance to the TLV (57%) that was 0.15 mg/m3 • Most of workers (63%) aged ~ 40 yearsold. Most of workers (63%) have smoking habit. Most of worker (93%) did not wear maskswhile working. Most of the workers (60%) have moderate complaint. The efforts in controllingthe issue was not satisfactory. Respiration complaints more likely associated to length ofoccupation, smoking habit, and utilization of protective masks.The study suggested to install Local Exhaust Ventilation to reduce dust level in theworkplace; the company was encouraged to make cooperation with related institutions inconducting OSH or K3 training, and the company should give rigid penalties against workerswho wear their PPD reluctantly.Keywords : Dust level, respiration complaint, Hobab Perkasa

scholarly journals Faktor Individu, Paparan Debu, dan CO dengan Gambaran Faal Paru Petugas SPBU

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-563
Author(s):  
Diah Indriyani Novtasari ◽  
Yuni Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gas Station

Abstrak Tujuh puluh persen pencemaran udara berasal dari emisi kendaraan bermotor. Efek dari emisi kendaraan bermotor dapat mengganggu fungsi paru-paru salah satunya petugas SPBU. Penelitian ini dilakukan di dua SPBU yang berada di ruas jalan dengan volume kendaraan tertinggi pada tahun 2018 yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor individu, paparan debu, dan CO dengan gambaran faal paru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 34 petugas SPBU dengan teknik total sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil menunjukkan ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin (p=0,035), masa kerja (p=0,017), dan kebiasaan merokok (p=0,023) dengan gambaran faal paru. Sedangkan, variabel umur, lama paparan, penggunaan APD, status gizi, riwayat penyakit, paparan debu, dan CO tidak berhubungan dengan gambaran faal paru. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu jenis kelamin, masa kerja, dan kebiasaan merokok berhubungan dengan gambaran faal paru pada petugas SPBU. Disarankan untuk menggunakan APD ketika bekerja serta mengurangi perilaku merokok.   Abstract Seventy percent of air pollutions comes from motor vehicle emissions. The effects of the emissions can interfere the lung function, especially for the gas station officers. This study was conducted at two gas station located in road with highest vehicle volume in 2018 which to know the relation between individual factor, dust exposure, and CO with the lung function. The type of this study was analytic observational with cross sectional design. The sample was 34 gas station officers with total sampling technique. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Mann Whitney test. The results showed there were related between sex (p = 0,035), length of work (p = 0,017), and smoking habit (p = 0,023) with lung function. Age, long exposure, usage of personal safety, nutritional status, history of disease, dust exposure, and CO not related with lung function. The conclusions were gender, length of work, and smoking habits related with the lung function at the gas station officer. It’s recommended to use personal safety when working and reduce smoking behavior.  

Factors Related to Pulmonary Function Status of Animal Feed Industry Workers in Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Rieza Dwi Anggia
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Dust Concentration ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Feed Industry ◽  
Lung Physiology ◽  
Worker Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Introduction: Workplace air that contains dust and microorganism when inhaled by workers into respiratory tract can accumulate and cause lung function disorder. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the concentrations of dust with the concentration of microorganism and analyze the association of worker characteristics, dust and microorganism concentration to lung physiology status. Method: This study adopted cross sectional design. The sample consisted of 24 workers who were randomly selected from factory and 10 workers who were totally selected from the administration area for respirable dust, microorganism concentration monitoring and workers’ characteristics data collecting. Result: Concentration of respirable dust has strong correlation with bacteria (rs = 0.704) and fungi (rs = 0.662) concentration. Variables that had significant association with pulmonary function status were age (p = 0.000), tenure (p = 0.008), the degree of smokers (p = 0.000), the dust concentration (p = 0.000), the bacteria concentration (p = 0.000), and the fungi concentration (p = 0.000), while the use of PPE mask (p = 0.890) had no significant association with pulmonary function status. Conclusion: Factors that related to pulmonary function status are age, tenure, degree of smokers, respirable dust, bacteria, and fungi concentration. Respirable dust concentration has significant positive correlation with bacteria and fungi concentration.Keywords: concentration of dust, concentration of microorganism, pulmonary function status

assessing knowledge, attitude and practices of miners and post-occupational miners towards pneumoconiosis in Wusakile Township, Kitwe, Zambia:cross sectional study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Banda
Keyword(s):  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Mining Areas

BACKGROUND Occupational conditions are deadly health hazards especially where dust exposure is inevitable causing chronic disabilities, impaired respiratory function and ultimately leading to death if no intensive measures are put in place. Unhealthy practices and negative attitudes rise in the number of cases of pneumoconiosis due to poor health education and awareness strategies. Pneumoconiosis is not only a health problem but also a social and economic burden on the livelihood of people living in mining areas around the globe. OBJECTIVE to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of miners and post-occupational miners towards pneumoconiosis in Wusakile Township, Kitwe, Zambia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was employed to conduct a research in Wusakile Township and a questionnaire was customized in order to syphon data relevant to the study as well to be brief. The study was conducted among 73 participants who were randomly selected among miners and post-occupational miners and all satisfied the inclusion criteria. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data. The data was entered and analysed using IBM SPSS software version 23. RESULTS Among 73 participants interviewed, 33.99% of participants had poor knowledge on the complications of pneumoconiosis. However, despite this poor knowledge, all participants had an idea about pneumoconiosis particularly silicosis. 13.70% of the respondents had bad practices towards pneumoconiosis while 86.30% had some good practices towards pneumoconiosis. Of the total participants, 19.18% of the participants had a negative attitude towards pneumoconiosis. Correlation between the level of education and practices of participants using Pearson Chi-Square, a p value of 0.021 (significant) was found ruling out the null hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS Information about pneumoconiosis and awareness programs towards pneumoconiosis are not widely disseminated among miners and post-occupational miners. There is still a significant number of participants who need to be educated more about pneumoconiosis and its complications so that attitude and practices are improved and also promote full community participation by involving competent health professionals to help in implementing preventive measures.

scholarly journals Respiratory Tract Problems among Wood Furniture Manufacturing Factory Workers in the Northeast of Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Soongkhang ◽  
W. Laohasiriwong
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
P Value ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Furniture Manufacturing ◽  
Reduce Lung Function ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Wood Furniture

Background Wood furniture manufacturing factory workers are at high risk of exposure to wood dust in wood working processes. Wood dust exposure could cause respiratory symptoms, such as reduce lung function, chronic bronchitis, and asthma. The Northeast region of Thailand has many wood furniture manufacturing factories. However, limited studies were carried out to explore the effect of wood dust exposure on workers.Objective This study aimed to assess the respiratory symptoms and determine factors associated with these symptoms among wood furniture manufacturing factory workers.Method This cross-sectional analytical research used a multistage random sampling to select 511 workers from three provinces in the Northeast of Thailand. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire interview. The content validity of questionnaire was tested by 3 experts and had a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.82. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regressions.Result The result indicated that 29.94% of these workers had respiratory symptoms, including coughing(18.79%), nasal secretion (15.66%), and stuffy nose (15.07%). Factors that were significantly associated with respiratory symptoms (p–value<0.05) were (a) not always wearing mask (adjusted OR=2.26;95% CI=1.37-3.72), (b) low to medium level of knowledge on dust prevention (adjusted OR=1.83;95% CI=1.23- 2.73) and (c) contacted softwood dust (adjusted OR=1.97;95% CI= 1.06-3.64).Conclusion About 30% of wood furniture manufacturing factory workers had respiratory symptoms with related to both personal preventive behaviors and their working environments. Therefore, the raising awareness for using personal protective equipment during work will help them to prevent from various respiratory track problems.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kebiasaan Merokok di dalam Rumah dengan Kejadian Pneumonia pada Anak Usia 1-4 Tahun

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Nuniek Tri Wahyuni ◽  
Heni Fa'riatul Aeni ◽  
Muhammad Azizudin
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Presence Of People ◽  
At Home

ABSTRAK Pneumonia merupakan penyebab dari 15% kematian pada balita. Keberadaan anggota keluarga yang merokok di dalam rumah merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya masalah kesehatan pada sistem pernafasan khususnya Pneumonia pada anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan merokok di dalam rumah dengan kejadian Pneumonia pada anak usia 1-4 tahun. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah anggota keluarga yang memiliki anak usia 1-4 tahun yang terkena Pneumonia sebanyak 110 dengan jumlah sampel 86 responden menggunakan accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Chi Square. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik dari 86 responden yang memiliki keberadaan orang yang merokok di dalam rumah sebanyak 52 orang (60,47%) sedangkan keberadaan orang yang tidak merokok di dalam rumah sebanyak 34 (39,53%).  Responden dengan kategori mengalami Pneumonia sebanyak 75 orang (87,21%), yang mengalami Pneumonia berat sebanyak 7 orang  (8,14%) dan yang mengalami Pneumonia sangat berat sebanyak 4 orang (4,63 %) dengan  P value = 0,016 (< 0,05). Terdapat hubungan kebiasaan merokok  dengan kejadian Pneumonia pada anak usia 1-4 tahun.    Kata kunci  : kebiasaan merokok; pneumonia; anak  CORRELATION BETWEEN SMOKING HABITS AT HOME AND THE INCIDENT OF PNEUMONIA AMONG CHILDREN AGED 1-4 YEARS  ABSTRACT Pneumonia is the cause of 15% of deaths in children under five. The presence of family members who smoke in the house is one of the causal factors of health problems in the respiratory system, especially pneumonia among children. This study was aimed to determine the correlation between smoking habits at home and the incidence of pneumonia among children aged 1-4 years. This was an analytic study with cross sectional approach. The population of this study were family members who had children aged 1-4 years with pneumonia as many as 110 people. The number of samples was taken through the Slovin sample size formula totally 86 respondents and the determination of the samples used Accidental Sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed statistically using the Chis Square test. Based on the results of statistical tests, it was revealed that of 86 respondents, 52 people (60.47%) had the presence of people who smoked in the house while 34 (39.53%) did not have had the presence of people who smoked in the house.  75 respondents (87.21%) had pneumonia, 7 people experienced severe pneumonia (8.14%) and 4 people experienced very severe pneumonia (4.63%). Chi Square test results obtained a P value=0.016 (<0.05), which meant that there is a relationship between smoking habit at home and the incidence of pneumonia among children aged 1-4 years. Keywords: Smoking habit; pneumonia; children

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS AND PULMONARY FUNCTION STATUS OF RESTAURANT WORKERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdulrazzaq Jabbar Jabbar ◽  
Retneswari Masilamani ◽  
Lim Zhi Yik ◽  
Chen Pei Fei ◽  
Loh Xin Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cooking Fumes

The cooking process may emit toxic compounds and airway irritants from both the fuel combustion and cooking fumes which is harmful to the respiratory health among the restaurant workers. A cross-sectional study of 243 restaurant workers from the selected restaurants in Sungai Long, Malaysia was conducted. The standardized British Medical Research Council questionnaire on Respiratory Symptoms (1986) was used during the interview to access the symptoms and the spirometry test was performed to evaluate the pulmonary functions of the participants. The data of socio-demography and occupational characteristics were also collected. The most complaint respiratory symptoms by the restaurant workers were breathlessness, which accounted for 33.7%, followed by wheezing (14%). The mean values of all pulmonary function tests (PFT) of the restaurant workers were within the normal range (>80%), except for the Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) (79.09%). The results of the bivariate statistical analysis, Chi-square, ANOVA and t-test, showed the determining factors of the respiratory health among the workers were workers’ age and gender in addition to the working duration and the ethnicity. The restaurant workers in Sungai Long were at risk of developing respiratory symptoms and lower pulmonary function values due to prolonged exposure to cooking fumes. Emphasis should be given to the safety and health of restaurant workers and health education should be provided to the restaurant workers and owners. Strategies to increase notification of such occurrences among these workers should be looked into by related agencies in the country.

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