scholarly journals Ventilation and respiration mechanics in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in different body positions

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Al. Ju. Dish ◽  
An. Ju. Dish ◽  
T. S. Ageeva ◽  
A. L. Karzilov ◽  
A. V. Teteneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Work Of Breathing ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Lung Compliance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Dynamic Lung Compliance

The aim of this work was to study changes in mechanical lung properties in cases of COPD in general and in different zones depending on the body position.Materials and methods. The research was performed in 37 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the vertical and horizontal positions (VP and HP).Results. The analysis of integral respiration mechanics has revealed a reduction in dynamic lung compliance and an increase in total non-elastic lung resistance during expiration (TNRexp) in HP vs. VP. At the same time, despite the increase in TNRexp in HP, the total work of breathing did not increase. Unlike healthy individuals, the COPD patients were characterized by the absence of differences in regional mechanical properties in both VP and HP. There were no differences in the respiration mechanics of the left lung, and the zones of the right lung only differed in the parameters of regional non-elastic work of breathing (NWBr ) that was increasing from top downwards: the indicators of NWBr during expiration and NWBr in the lower zone were higher as opposed to those of the upper zone in VP. As for HP, NWBr during inspiration, NWBr during expiration and NWBr were higher.Conclusion. The data obtained contradict the prevailing opinion about an escalation in regional differences in ventilation and respiration mechanics under the influence of emerging focal and diffuse inflammatorysclerotic pathological changes in lungs and emphysema. 

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN OVERWEIGHT PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1668-1670
Author(s):  
Mykola M. Ostrovskyy ◽  
Nadiia V. Korzh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

The aim: To evaluate the effect of overweight on the quality of life of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients GOLD III. Materials and methods: 65 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD GOLD III) were examined in different phases of pathological process. The pulmonary function (PF) test was performed by means of “SPIROKOM” device (Ukraine). The degree of overweight was determined by calculating the body mass index (BMI) using the formula І = m/h² (m – body mass in kilograms, h – height, square of the height in meters (kg/m²). Patients’ quality of life was evaluated with the help of standardized St.George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Results: The study revealed changes in the PF indices and the decrease in quality of life in overweight patients, especially in case of destabilization of the pathological process. Conclusions: The obtained results show that overweight is the underlying condition for more severe course of the pathology and requires further study of its impact on the health and quality of life of patients in order to improve the effectiveness of treatment.

scholarly journals Influence of the phenotype of the disease on the parameters of the antioxidant defense system and the level of some interleukins in the blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan I. Pavlyuchenko ◽  
Evgenii A. Kokov ◽  
Lyudmila N. Kokova ◽  
Olga S. Okhremenko
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Active Forms Of Oxygen

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease involving the pathological process, of bronchopulmonary and cardiovascular systems. This is a complex disease in which inflammation plays a leading role in the formation of the whole complex of pathological changes. COPD accompanies local deficit of antiproteases, excessive formation of active forms of oxygen, inducing uncontrolled lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. An increase in the level of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, is particularly significant in the combination of chronic obstructive disease with metabolic syndrome. Determination of a specific phenotype of COPD, and the degree of disruption of protective and adaptive systems in these forms of the disease course allows optimizing the treatment regimens for patients. The purpose of this work was to identify additional biochemical and biophysical markers of phenotyping and monitoring of therapy in patients with COPD of different phenotype and severity level in the acute stage on the basis of studying the main indicators of the system of antioxidant protection of blood and some cytokines. Significant differences in antioxidant system (AOS) indices in patients with COPD of different phenotype and severity were determined. The established differences in the activity of erythrocyte enzymes and the overall antioxidant activity of blood plasma can serve as an important additional link for the phenotyping of COPD. Complex treatment with the use of anticoagulants, normalizing the rheological properties of blood and mucolytics with pronounced antioxidant properties, reduces the level of prooxidant load on the body due to correction of metabolic processes and has the most pronounced effect on AOS blood parameters and cytokine profile.

Noninvasive Ventilation and High-Flow Nasal Therapy Administration in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (06) ◽  
pp. 786-797
Author(s):  
Miquel Ferrer ◽  
Antoni Torres
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Noninvasive Ventilation ◽  
Work Of Breathing ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure

AbstractNoninvasive ventilation (NIV) is considered to be the standard of care for the management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation. It can be delivered safely in any dedicated setting, from emergency rooms to high dependency or intensive care units and wards. NIV helps improving dyspnea and gas exchange, reduces the need for endotracheal intubation, and morbidity and mortality rates. It is therefore recognized as the gold standard in this condition. High-flow nasal therapy helps improving ventilatory efficiency and reducing the work of breathing in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Early studies indicate that some patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure can be managed with high-flow nasal therapy, but more information is needed before specific recommendations for this therapy can be made. Therefore, high-flow nasal therapy use should be individualized in each particular situation and institution, taking into account resources, and local and personal experience with all respiratory support therapies.

Comparisons between basal metabolic rate and diet-induced thermogenesis in different types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1992 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Green ◽  
M. F. Muers
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Work Of Breathing ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Arterial Partial Pressure ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Co2 ◽  
Diet Induced Thermogenesis

1. Some patients with the emphysematous type of tobacco-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are hypermetabolic. Since the likely mechanism is the increased work of breathing, other groups of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease should be similar. We have now measured basal metabolic rate and diet-induced thermogenesis in six patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with an arterial partial pressure of CO2 of <5kPa (emphysematous), nine patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with an arterial partial pressure of CO2 of >6kPa (bronchitic), eight patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to chronic asthma and seven control subjects. Diet-induced thermogenesis was measured for 4h after a meal of 87% carbohydrate, 11% protein and 2% fat as energy, with a total energy content of 40% of basal metabolic rate. 2. There was no difference between measured and predicted basal metabolic rate in the control (5541 ± 272 versus 5881 ± 245 kJ/24h) or emphysematous (5552 ± 370 versus 6239 ± 197 kJ/24 h) groups, but measured basal metabolic rate was significantly higher than predicted in the bronchitic (6126 ± 387 versus 5405 ± 250 kJ/24 h) and asthmatic (6293 ± 197 versus 5701 + 245, mean ± SEM, P<0.01) groups. All the control subjects had measured basal metabolic rates within 10% of predicted, whereas two out of six emphysematous patients, four out of nine bronchitic patients and five out of eight asthmatic patients were hypermetabolic. The contributions of fat, carbohydrate and protein oxidation rates to the overall basal metabolic rate were similar between groups. 3. Diet-induced thermogenesis was similar between groups. The postprandial fuel mix oxidized was also similar between all four groups. 4. Thus, some patients with both types of smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other patients with chronic asthma were hypermetabolic. This could not be predicted from detailed lung function tests, arterial blood gases or anthropometric measurements, and suggests that the increased work of breathing may not be the only cause of the hypermetabolism and weight loss seen in these patients.

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