Rectus Femoris Mmimicking Ultrasound Phantom for Muscle Mass Assessment: Design, Research, and Training Application

Ultrasound has become widely used as a mean to measure the rectus femoris muscle in the acute and chronic phase of critical illness. Despite its noninvasiveness and accessibility, its accuracy highly depends on the skills of the technician. However, few ultrasound phantoms for the confirmation of its accuracy or to improve technical skills exist. In this study, we created a novel phantom model and used it for investigating the accuracy of measurements and for training. Study 1 investigated how various conditions affect ultrasound measurements such as thickness, cross-sectional area, and echogenicity. Study 2 investigated if the phantom can be used for training of various health care providers in vitro and vivo. Study 1 showed that thickness, cross-sectional area, and echogenicity were affected by probe compression strength, probe angle, phantom compression, and varying equipment. Study 2 in vitro showed that using the phantom for training improved the accuracy of the measurements taken within phantom, and Study 2 in vivo showed the phantom training had a short-term effect on improving the measurement accuracy in a human volunteer. The new ultrasound phantom model revealed that various conditions affected ultrasound measurements, and phantom training improved the measurement accuracy.

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Rectus Femoris Mimicking Ultrasound Phantom for Muscle Mass Assessment: Design, Research, and Training Application

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10122721 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2721

Author(s):

Nobuto Nakanishi ◽

Shigeaki Inoue ◽

Rie Tsutsumi ◽

Yusuke Akimoto ◽

Yuko Ono ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Measurement Accuracy ◽

Rectus Femoris ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Phantom Model ◽

Ultrasound Measurements ◽

Ultrasound Phantom

Ultrasound has become widely used as a means to measure the rectus femoris muscle in the acute and chronic phases of critical illness. Despite its noninvasiveness and accessibility, its accuracy highly depends on the skills of the technician. However, few ultrasound phantoms for the confirmation of its accuracy or to improve technical skills exist. In this study, the authors created a novel phantom model and used it for investigating the accuracy of measurements and for training. Study 1 investigated how various conditions affect ultrasound measurements such as thickness, cross-sectional area, and echogenicity. Study 2 investigated if the phantom can be used for the training of various health care providers in vitro and in vivo. Study 1 showed that thickness, cross-sectional area, and echogenicity were affected by probe compression strength, probe angle, phantom compression, and varying equipment. Study 2 in vitro showed that using the phantom for training improved the accuracy of the measurements taken within the phantom, and Study 2 in vivo showed the phantom training had a short-term effect on improving the measurement accuracy in a human volunteer. The new ultrasound phantom model revealed that various conditions affected ultrasound measurements, and phantom training improved the measurement accuracy.

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Implications of complex anatomical junctions on conductance catheter measurements of coronary arteries

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00987.2012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 114 (5) ◽

pp. 656-664 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hyo Won Choi ◽

Zhen-Du Zhang ◽

Neil D. Farren ◽

Ghassan S. Kassab

Keyword(s):

Measurement Accuracy ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Conductance Catheter ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

In Vivo Experiments ◽

Conductance Method ◽

Vessel Curvature

In vivo, the position of the conductance catheter to measure vessel lumen cross-sectional area may vary depending on where the conductance catheter is deployed in the complex anatomical geometry of arteries, including branches, bifurcations, or curvatures. The objective here is to determine how such geometric variations affect the cross-sectional area (CSA) estimates obtained using the cylindrical model. Computer simulations and in vitro and in vivo experiments were used to assess how the electric field and associated CSA measurement accuracy are affected by three typical in vivo conditions: 1) a vessel with abrupt change in lumen diameter (e.g., transition from aorta to coronary ostia); 2) a vessel with a T-bifurcation or a Y-bifurcation; and 3) a vessel curvature, such as in the right coronary artery, aorta, or pulmonary artery. The error in diameter from simulation results was shown to be relatively small (<7%), unless the detection electrodes were placed near the junction between two different lumen diameters or at a bifurcation junction. Furthermore, the present findings show that the effect of misaligned catheter-vessel geometrical configuration and vessel curvature on measurement accuracy is negligible. Collectively, the findings support the accuracy of the conductance method for sizing blood vessels, despite the geometric complexities of the cardiovascular system, as long as the detection electrodes are not placed at a large discontinuity in diameter or at bifurcation junctions.

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Rectus Femoris Muscle Mass Measured by Ultrasound is an Indicator of Whole-Body Muscle Mass at Intensive Care Unit Admission: A Retrospective Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-501371/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuta Arai ◽

Nobuto Nakanishi ◽

Yuko Ono ◽

Shigeaki Inoue ◽

Joji Kotani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Mass ◽

Rectus Femoris ◽

Ct Imaging ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Whole Body ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Icu Admission ◽

Body Muscle ◽

Ultrasound Measurements

Abstract Background: Muscle mass is an important biomarker of survival from a critical illness, but it is not a widely accepted method to assess whole-body muscle mass when patients are admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We hypothesize that ultrasound-based muscle mass assessments can reflect whole-body muscle mass. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively obtained ultrasound data at ICU admission. We included patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) imaging at the third lumbar vertebral level, within 2 days before and after ICU admission. Primary outcomes included the correlation between the muscle mass (thickness and cross-sectional area) of the rectus femoris measured using ultrasound and whole-body muscle mass measurements obtained from CT. We aimed to determine whether ultrasound assessments can identify sarcopenia, defined as a skeletal muscle index of 29.0 cm2/m2 for males and 36.0 cm2/m2 for females. Secondary outcomes included the ultrasound measurements of the biceps brachii muscle mass and diaphragm thickness. Results: Among 133 patients, 89 patients underwent CT imaging, which included the third lumbar vertebra. The patients’ mean age was 72 ± 13 years, and 60 patients were male. The correlation between rectus femoris muscle ultrasound and CT was ρ = 0.57 (p < 0.01, n = 89) and ρ = 0.48 (p < 0.01, n = 89) on thickness and cross-sectional area, respectively. The thickness of the rectus femoris and cross-sectional area had the discriminative power to assess sarcopenia when the areas under the curve were 0.84 and 0.76, respectively. Ultrasound measurements of the biceps brachii muscle mass and diaphragm thickness were correlated with CT imaging [ρ = 0.57–0.60 (p < 0.01, n = 52) and ρ = 0.35 (p < 0.01, n = 79)]. Conclusions: Ultrasound measurements of muscle mass are a promising method to assess whole-body muscle mass and sarcopenia at ICU admission.Trial registration: UMIN000044032. Retrospectively registered on 25 April 2021

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A method of in-vitro measurement of the cross-sectional area of soft tissues, using ultrasonography

Journal of Orthopaedic Science ◽

10.1007/s007760200041 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 247-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Masahiko Noguchi ◽

Toshiya Kitaura ◽

Kazuya Ikoma ◽

Yoshiaki Kusaka

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissues ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Cross

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Intra- and interobserver agreement of rectus femoris cross-sectional area in critically ill patients

Minerva Anestesiologica ◽

10.23736/s0375-9393.20.15149-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Ondrej HRDY ◽

Kamil VRBICA ◽

Marek KOVAR ◽

Tomas KORBICKA ◽

Roman GAL

Keyword(s):

Critically Ill ◽

Critically Ill Patients ◽

Interobserver Agreement ◽

Rectus Femoris ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional

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Does coronary lumen morphology influence vessel cross-sectional area estimation? An in vitro comparison of intravascular ultrasound and quantitative coronary angiography

Quantitative Coronary Angiography in Clinical Practice - Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.1007/978-94-015-8358-9_37 ◽

1994 ◽

pp. 681-693

Author(s):

Javier Escaned ◽

Pierre Doriot ◽

Carlo Di Mario ◽

David P. Foley ◽

Jürgen Haase ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Angiography ◽

Intravascular Ultrasound ◽

Quantitative Coronary Angiography ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Area Estimation ◽

Morphology Influence ◽

In Vitro Comparison

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Conservation of bronchiolar wall area during constriction and dilation of human airways

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1997.82.3.954 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 954-958 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. W. Mitchell ◽

E. Rühlmann ◽

H. Magnussen ◽

N. M. Muñoz ◽

A. R. Leff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Wall Area ◽

Total Cross Sectional Area ◽

Human Airways ◽

Contraction And Relaxation

Mitchell, R. W., E. Rühlmann, H. Magnussen, N. M. Muñoz, A. R. Leff, and K. F. Rabe. Conservation of bronchiolar wall area during constriction and dilation of human airways. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(3): 954–958, 1997.—We assessed the effect of smooth muscle contraction and relaxation on airway lumen subtended by the internal perimeter ( A i) and total cross-sectional area ( A o) of human bronchial explants in the absence of the potential lung tethering forces of alveolar tissue to test the hypothesis that bronchoconstriction results in a comparable change of A iand A o. Luminal area (i.e., A i) and A owere measured by using computerized videomicrometry, and bronchial wall area was calculated accordingly. Images on videotape were captured; areas were outlined, and data were expressed as internal pixel number by using imaging software. Bronchial rings were dissected in 1.0- to 1.5-mm sections from macroscopically unaffected areas of lungs from patients undergoing resection for carcinoma, placed in microplate wells containing buffered saline, and allowed to equilibrate for 1 h. Baseline, A o[5.21 ± 0.354 (SE) mm2], and A i(0.604 ± 0.057 mm2) were measured before contraction of the airway smooth muscle (ASM) with carbachol. Mean A inarrowed by 0.257 ± 0.052 mm2in response to 10 μM carbachol ( P = 0.001 vs. baseline). Similarly, A onarrowed by 0.272 ± 0.110 mm2in response to carbachol ( P = 0.038 vs. baseline; P = 0.849 vs. change in A i). Similar parallel changes in cross-sectional area for A iand A owere observed for relaxation of ASM from inherent tone of other bronchial rings in response to 10 μM isoproterenol. We demonstrate a unique characteristic of human ASM; i.e., both luminal and total cross-sectional area of human airways change similarly on contraction and relaxation in vitro, resulting in a conservation of bronchiolar wall area with bronchoconstriction and dilation.

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