scholarly journals Disposal Practices of Unused Medication Among Pharmacists in Libya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Atia
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Pharmaceutical Waste ◽  
Take Back ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background and objective. Globally, disposing of unused medicines has become a source of concern, as pharmaceutical waste enters the ecosystem, posing a threat to human health and the environment. This study aimed to assess the disposal practice of unused medication among pharmacists in Libya. This study also seeks to determine if pharmacists plan to have their pharmacies serve as assembly points for potential take-back initiatives. Methods. A random sample of 150 pharmacists from various government and private pharmacies in Tripoli participated in a self-administered questionnaire about their disposal practices, and knowledge on pharmacies serving as collection points for ideal disposal of unused medicines. Descriptive statistics were used to interpret the data. Results. A total of 128 pharmacists completed the survey. The majority of respondents said that throwing discarded drugs in the trash bin was their preferred method of disposal (53.1%), followed by discarding via burn and drug wholesalers (17.2%, 14.8%, respectively). Only 2.1% of the respondents disposed unused medicines according to the WHO guidelines of drug disposal. Moreover, about 65.6% had poor knowledge about Take-Back program. Conclusion. Failure to follow the WHO guidelines for drug disposal raises the risk of contamination of our environment and the likelihood of humans and animals ingesting harmful pharmaceutical wastes.

scholarly journals Pharmacists’ Knowledge Regarding Drug Disposal in Karbala

Pharmacy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khansaa A. Ibrahim Albaroodi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharmaceutical Waste ◽  
Take Back ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Main Barrier ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Good Proportion

Background: Consumers and caregivers should remove expired, or unwanted, medications to minimize the chance for misuse or accidentally using those medicines. This study investigated pharmacists’ knowledge regarding drug disposal in Karbala, Iraq. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey among pharmacists in Karbala. It was performed from December 2018 until January 2019. A standardized, 12-item, self-administered questionnaire was designed, developed and validated to assess pharmacists’ knowledge when generating pharmaceutical waste in pharmacies. Results: One hundred twenty-nine participants enrolled in the study. The mean age of participants was 33 ± 9.3 years—more than two-thirds (65.9%)—agreed that the return of medications to the source would be appropriate drug disposal. A good proportion of participants agreed with disposing of drugs in the trash. Further, 63.6% believe that education is the main barrier opposing the implementation of a medicine–take–back program in Iraq. Conclusion: Pharmacists had relatively poor knowledge regarding drug disposal methods. Health care providers (not only pharmacists) need educational courses and workshops to improve their knowledge regarding medication disposal in Iraq.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Compensation Strategy on Organizational Loyalty "An Empirical Study of Jordanian Duty Free Shops": أثر استراتيجية التعويضات على الولاء التنظيمي: دراسة تطبيقية لدى الأسواق الحرة الأردنية

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghaith Bassam Mohammad AL-Qaralleh
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Compensation Strategy ◽  
Free Markets ◽  
Organizational Loyalty ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this study is to identify the impact of the compensation strategy on the organizational loyalty of Jordanian free markets. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to (70) individuals, and (60) individuals’ questionnaires with the percentage of (85.4%) were studied. They were selected in a stratified random sample using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics for analyzing the study data. The study found many significant results and the most important one was that there is a significant impact of the compensation strategy on the organizational loyalty of the Jordanian trade organizations, especially, Jordanian free markets. The study recommended conducting further research on the subject of the study as it was found that there is a lack of such research in this field.

scholarly journals HAND HYGIENE;

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 164-170
Author(s):  
SEEMA DAUD ◽  
RABIAH MAHWISH ◽  
HAJRA SHUJA
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
And Training

Background: WHO Guidelines recommends ‘‘My five moments for hand hygiene” for prevention of HCAI. Objective: Toassess the knowledge and practices of medical students about HCAI and hand hygiene. Setting: Lahore Medical & Dental College(LMDC), Lahore. Period: Four weeks, in January and February, 2012. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted usingWHO’s “Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire”, among MBBS students from 3rd to final years, 2012. Data was entered and cleaned inSPSS 19 and presented in tables and graphs. Descriptive statistics was used in the forms of numbers and percentages. Results: Among227 respondents, 63% were female, 67% were 20 to 22 years old, 38% were from 3rd year, 40% from 4th year and 22% from final year,61% never received hand hygiene training and 67% never used hand rubs. Few students named unclean hands as main route (42%) andsource of HCAI (21%). Hand hygiene was preferred before touching patients (76%) and after body fluid exposure (70%). It was perceivedto be rapid (63%), effective (66%), cause of skin dryness (57%) and it was supposed to be used concomitantly with hand washing (74%),before abdomen palpation (48%), giving injection (31%), after removing gloves (22%) and making patient’s bed (31%). Damaged skin(92%), artificial fingernails (78%) and jewelry (53%) were perceived to increase hand contamination. Conclusions: There were seriousgaps in knowledge of proper hand cleaning techniques and their importance in prevention of health HCAI. Hand hygiene, must be part ofcurriculum and training of all health care providers.

scholarly journals An investigation into the personal values of small business owners in South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 610-614
Author(s):  
Olawale Fatoki
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Small Business Owners ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The study investigated the personal values of small business owners in South Africa. In addition, the study examined if male and female small business owners exhibit significant differences in their personal values. The study employed the descriptive research design. Data was collected through the use of self-administered questionnaire in a survey. The study used the Schwartz Portrait Value Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and the T-test were used for data analysis. The results indicated that self-direction, achievement, stimulation, power and security are the five most important personal values for small business owners. The results indicate that male small business owners give greater weight to self-direction, stimulation, achievement, hedonism and power. Female small business owners give greater weight to universalism, conformity, tradition, benevolence, and security

scholarly journals Disposal practices for unused medications in New Zealand community pharmacies

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Tong ◽  
Barrie Peake ◽  
Rhiannon Braund
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Controlled Drugs ◽  
Pharmaceutical Waste ◽  
Unused Medications ◽  
Class B ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

INTRODUCTION: One of the recommended methods for households to dispose of unused medications in many countries is to return them to community pharmacies. However, such a practice will only reduce the environmental levels of pharmaceuticals if the medications are also disposed of and destroyed properly by the pharmacies. AIM: This study reports the results of a questionnaire sent to New Zealand community pharmacists regarding disposal practices for unused or expired medications in their workplaces. METHODS: A pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was sent to 500 randomly selected community pharmacies from all areas of New Zealand. The participants were asked how they disposed of a variety of medications. In addition, participants were also asked about whether they knew how unused medications were destroyed if their pharmacy used a third-party contractor or distributor to dispose of them. RESULTS: Of the 265 respondents, 80.4% and 61.1% respectively reported that solid and semi-solid medications were removed by contractors. However liquid and Class B controlled drugs were predominantly disposed of down the pharmacy sink. Over 60% of the participating pharmacists indicated that they believed the contractors incinerated the collected pharmaceutical waste, and over 90% of the participating pharmacists indicated their wish for a state-run disposal and destruction system. DISCUSSION: Liquid medications and Class B controlled drugs, which were commonly reported to be disposed of down the sewerage system, may increase the potential for environmental pollution by pharmaceuticals in New Zealand. There is a need for increased environmental awareness amongst community pharmacists in New Zealand. KEYWORDS: Medication disposal; pharmaceutical waste; environment; excess medication; community pharmacist

scholarly journals Scenarii Bioclimatiques A L’horizon 2050 Dans Le Departement De L’oueme Au Benin (Afrique De L’ouest)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Mehinto-Dovonou Flore ◽  
Boko Nouvêwa Patrice Maximilien ◽  
Houssou Christophe S.
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Bioclimatic Index ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Face ◽  
Index Calculation ◽  
A1b Scenario

This study aims to determine the future bioclimatic atmospheres by 2050 according to the scenarios A1B and B1, in order to determine if the human health of the populations in the department Ouémé in Benin would be subjected to more or less harsh environments. To do this, this study was conducted using descriptive statistics methods, and bioclimatic index calculation (UTCI). The data used are the meteorological data (temperature, relative humidity, insolation and wind) on a monthly scale over the period 1971-2014 and the data from 2020 to 2025 from the ReMO database. The results of this study make it possible to remember that the A1B scenario presents a distinct singularity, because it describes more bioclimatic atmospheres than the B1 scenario. Whatever the variations, the December- March period will be dominated by a hot atmosphere, while April-October by a more comfortable atmosphere. Differences between bioclimatic atmospheres by 2050 and the current one will reach +9.2 in February for the A1B scenario and +8.4 for the B1 scenario. This variation of future bioclimatic atmospheres simulated by means of the REMO data and UTCI will not be without effects on the health of children from 0 to 5 years old in the Department of Ouémé and therefore in the face of this future configuration. adaptations are proposed to the different actors in the study area.

scholarly journals Patients’ Satisfaction on Selangor Hospitals

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Nor Azilah Husin ◽  
Hendra Lukito ◽  
Athirah Noor Aisyahmohd Nizam ◽  
Nur Qhairunnisa Mohamed Rashid ◽  
Nurul Anis Halid
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Hospital Performance ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Malaysian healthcare is nominated as one of the best healthcare providers in the world. However, does this fact reflect the patients' satisfaction? Therefore, this research aims to investigate whether empathy, competency, and service quality influence patients' satisfaction in healthcare services in Selangor, Malaysia. Primary data are collected using a self-administered questionnaire and a sample of 206 patients from four government and private hospitals in Selangor. Data were analysed through descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. The findings show that empathy has the strongest relationship (β= .403) followed by service quality with (β=.284) and competency (β= .176). All factors also influenced patients' satisfaction. All identified variables contribute to a big amount of variances (R2=66.8percent) to the overall hospital performance that makes its client happy and satisfied. The understanding patients' satisfaction will lead to many improved services. Practically, this study can contribute to a better experience for patients and knowledge for hospitals to strive for a better service healthcare provider.

Changing the prescription status of physiotherapists: Perception of Nigerian physiotherapists

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodele T Onigbinde ◽  
Adebiyi S Adereni ◽  
Kayode DS Bamitale ◽  
Sylvia VK Kambalametore ◽  
Vyvienne M’kumbuzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Muscle Relaxants ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Moderate Number ◽  
Image Improvement ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Prescription Status

Background: There appears to be a global change in the role of physiotherapists (most especially) in serving as supplementary prescribers of relevant drugs.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the opinion of physiotherapists on enlistment as supplementary prescribers of drugs, and the classes of drugs they would like to prescribe.Methods: 102 licensed physiotherapists from 5 purposively selected hospitals participated in the study. A self administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Kruskal Wallis test.Results: Eighty-three physiotherapists (83.8%) wanted to be enlisted as supplementary prescribers and most would like to prescribe analgesics (74.8%), NSAIDS (74.8%) and muscle relaxants (59.2%). Also, 89 respondents (86.4%) supported the enactment of a law that will protect physiotherapists in case of professional litigation. A range of reasons were adduced for desiring to have a change in prescription status and these include effectiveness of clinical practice (77.7%), image improvement (67.0%) and the increased benefit for patients (82.5%). The number of respondents who would like to prescribe Analgesics, NSAIDS and Muscle relaxants were significantly higher than for other classes of drugs (P = 0.001). It was concluded that the majority of physiotherapists would want their status to change to that of supplementary prescribers. Also, most prescribers would like to prescribe analgesics and NSAIDS while a moderate number would like to prescribe muscle relaxants under the protection of an enabling law.

scholarly journals Knowledge of nurses regarding dysphagia in patients post stroke in Namibia

Curationis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthea Rhoda ◽  
A. Pickel-Voight
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: Stroke patients commonly experience dysphagia post stroke. Complications of dysphagia include aspiration leading to chest infection and pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration, and a subsequent increased risk of death. Its early diagnosis and management is an important prerequisite for recovery from stroke during the rehabilitation phase. As nurses are the first health personnel that interact with a patient post stroke, it is important that they are knowledgeable and skilled in the screening of these patients for dysphagia.Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the knowledge and factors associated with knowledge of nurses regarding dysphagia in stroke patients.Methods: The study used a quantitative survey to determine the knowledge of the nurses employed at an intermediate hospital in Namibia. A convenient sample of 182 participants completed a self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions, which was developed by the researcher. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The findings of the study confirmed that nurses have a moderate knowledge of the signs, symptoms, and complications of dysphagia, but poor knowledge about its management.Training and experience in the care of dysphagia patients was a stronger predictor of knowledge than the initial qualification or years of experience as a nurse.Conclusion: Post basic training in dysphagia would better equip nurses to manage stroke patients in the acute phase.

Health Club Facility Operators' Perceived Level of Compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Lyberger ◽  
Donna L. Pastore
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Americans With Disabilities Act ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Self ◽  
Health Club ◽  
Low Levels

This study examined the self-perceived compliance of health club facility operators with the American with Disabilities Act (ADA). A 112-item survey was developed to assess; awareness of ADA regulations, knowledge of the ADA and disability function, perceptions toward ADA regulations, and self-perceived compliance with ADA regulations. The questionnaire was administered to a random sample (N = 190) of facility operators in Ohio. Because only 45 (23.7%) responded, surveys were sent to the remainder of the facility operators (n = 180), yielding another 5 usable questionnaires. To verify the questionnaire's subscale structure, item-to-total correlations and internal consistency estimates (a) were utilized, and descriptive statistics and correlations were carried out. The findings suggest that low levels of awareness are associated with low to moderate levels of self-perceived compliance, that facility operators are only moderately knowledgeable and generally perceptive of the ADA, and that they are not fully complying with ADA regulations.

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