scholarly journals Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA), Decision Making Under Uncertainty, and Deep Learning: How Is This All Related?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladik Kreinovich
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Approximation Property ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Universal Approximation ◽  
Decision Making Under Uncertainty ◽  
Ordered Weighted Averaging ◽  
Research Areas

Among many research areas to which Ron Yager contributed are decision making under uncertainty (in particular, under interval and fuzzy uncertainty) and aggregation – where he proposed, analyzed, and utilized the use of Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA). The OWA algorithm itself provides only a specific type of data aggregation. However, it turns out that if we allows several OWA stages one after another, we get a scheme with a universal approximation property – moreover, a scheme which is perfectly equivalent to deep neural networks. In this sense, Ron Yager can be viewed as a (grand)father of deep learning. We also show that the existing schemes for decision making under uncertainty are also naturally interpretable in OWA terms.

DECISION MAKING WITH BELIEF STRUCTURES: AN APPLICATION IN RISK MANAGEMENT

1996 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
KURT J. ENGEMANN ◽  
HOLMES E. MILLER ◽  
RONALD R. YAGER
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Aggregation Operators ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Decision Making Under Uncertainty ◽  
Belief Structure ◽  
Ordered Weighted Averaging ◽  
Belief Structures ◽  
The World

This paper examines the problem of selecting an alternative in situations in which there exists uncertainty in our knowledge of the state of the world. We show how the ordered weighted averaging aggregation operators provide a unifying approach to selecting alternatives under uncertainty. In particular, we see how these operators provide a type of probability associated with our degree of optimism. We also show how the Dempster-Shafer belief structure provides a general framework for representing the information a decision maker has regarding relevant events. We then propose a methodology for decision making under uncertainty, integrating the ordered weighted averaging aggregation operators and the Dempster-Shafer belief structure. The proposed methodology is applied to a real world case involving risk management at one of the nation’s largest banks.

scholarly journals Explaining deep neural networks for knowledge discovery in electrocardiogram analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Hicks ◽  
Jonas L. Isaksen ◽  
Vajira Thambawita ◽  
Jonas Ghouse ◽  
Gustav Ahlberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Medical Tests ◽  
Deep Learning Model

AbstractDeep learning-based tools may annotate and interpret medical data more quickly, consistently, and accurately than medical doctors. However, as medical doctors are ultimately responsible for clinical decision-making, any deep learning-based prediction should be accompanied by an explanation that a human can understand. We present an approach called electrocardiogram gradient class activation map (ECGradCAM), which is used to generate attention maps and explain the reasoning behind deep learning-based decision-making in ECG analysis. Attention maps may be used in the clinic to aid diagnosis, discover new medical knowledge, and identify novel features and characteristics of medical tests. In this paper, we showcase how ECGradCAM attention maps can unmask how a novel deep learning model measures both amplitudes and intervals in 12-lead electrocardiograms, and we show an example of how attention maps may be used to develop novel ECG features.

scholarly journals Triangular Cubic Hesitant Fuzzy Einstein Hybrid Weighted Averaging Operator and Its Application to Decision Making

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliya Fahmi ◽  
Fazli Amin ◽  
Florentin Smarandache ◽  
Madad Khan ◽  
Nasruddin Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Aggregation Operators ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Linguistic Information ◽  
Ordered Weighted Averaging ◽  
Averaging Operator ◽  
Multiple Attribute ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, triangular cubic hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted averaging (TCHFEWA) operator, triangular cubic hesitant fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted averaging (TCHFEOWA) operator and triangular cubic hesitant fuzzy Einstein hybrid weighted averaging (TCHFEHWA) operator are proposed. An approach to multiple attribute group decision making with linguistic information is developed based on the TCHFEWA and the TCHFEHWA operators. Furthermore, we establish various properties of these operators and derive the relationship between the proposed operators and the existing aggregation operators. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the application of the established approach.

scholarly journals Some Generalized Single Valued Neutrosophic Linguistic Operators and Their Application to Multiple Attribute Group Decision Making

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruipu Tan ◽  
Wende Zhang ◽  
Shengqun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Similarity Measure ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Attribute Weights ◽  
Ordered Weighted Averaging ◽  
Aggregate Information ◽  
Multiple Attribute

Abstract This paper proposes a group decision making method based on entropy of neutrosophic linguistic sets and generalized single valued neutrosophic linguistic operators. This method is applied to solve the multiple attribute group decision making problems under single valued neutrosophic liguistic environment, in which the attribute weights are completely unknown. First, the attribute weights are obtained by using the entropy of neutrosophic linguistic sets. Then three generalized single valued neutrosophic linguistic operators are introduced, including the generalized single valued neutrosophic linguistic weighted averaging (GSVNLWA) operator, the generalized single valued neutrosophic linguistic ordered weighted averaging (GSVNLOWA) operator and the generalized single valued neutrosophic linguistic hybrid averaging (GSVNLHA) operator, and the GSVNLWA and GSVNLHA operators are used to aggregate information. Furthermore, similarity measure based on single valued neutrosophic linguistic numbers is defined and used to sort the alternatives and obtain the best alternative. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed method.

scholarly journals Induced intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging: Weighted average operator and its application to business decision-making

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 839-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Shouzhen ◽  
Wang Qifeng ◽  
José Merigó ◽  
Pan Tiejun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Aggregation Operator ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Ordered Weighted Averaging ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Fuzzy Weighted Average ◽  
Decision Making Problem ◽  
Selection Of

We present the induced intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging-weighted average (I-IFOWAWA) operator. It is a new aggregation operator that uses the intuitionistic fuzzy weighted average (IFWA) and the induced intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging (I-IFOWA) operator in the same formulation. We study some of its main properties and we have seen that it has a lot of particular cases such as the IFWA and the intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging (IFOWA) operator. We also study its applicability in a decision-making problem concerning strategic selection of investments. We see that depending on the particular type of I-IFOWAWA operator used, the results may lead to different decisions.

scholarly journals A method for decision making with the OWA operator

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Merigó ◽  
Anna Gil-Lafuente
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Owa Operator ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Ordered Weighted Averaging ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Problem ◽  
Parameterized Family

A new method for decision making that uses the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator in the aggregation of the information is presented. It is used a concept that it is known in the literature as the index of maximum and minimum level (IMAM). This index is based on distance measures and other techniques that are useful for decision making. By using the OWA operator in the IMAM, we form a new aggregation operator that we call the ordered weighted averaging index of maximum and minimum level (OWAIMAM) operator. The main advantage is that it provides a parameterized family of aggregation operators between the minimum and the maximum and a wide range of special cases. Then, the decision maker may take decisions according to his degree of optimism and considering ideals in the decision process. A further extension of this approach is presented by using hybrid averages and Choquet integrals. We also develop an application of the new approach in a multi-person decision-making problem regarding the selection of strategies.

scholarly journals Extensions of Dombi Aggregation Operators for Decision Making under m-Polar Fuzzy Information

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Naveed Yaqoob ◽  
Ghous Ali ◽  
Wathek Chammam
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Making ◽  
Aggregation Operators ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Fuzzy Information ◽  
Ordered Weighted Averaging ◽  
Fuzzy Environment ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Electre I ◽  
Geometric Operator

An m-polar fuzzy set is a powerful mathematical model to analyze multipolar, multiattribute, and multi-index data. The m-polar fuzzy sets have appeared as a useful tool to portray uncertainty in multiattribute decision making. The purpose of this article is to analyze the aggregation operators under the m-polar fuzzy environment with the help of Dombi norm operations. In this article, we develop some averaging and geometric aggregation operators using Dombi t-norm and t-conorm to handle uncertainty in m-polar fuzzy (mF, henceforth) information, which are mF Dombi weighted averaging (mFDWA) operator, mF Dombi ordered weighted averaging (mFDOWA) operator, mF Dombi hybrid averaging (mFDHA) operator, mF Dombi weighted geometric (mFDWG) operator, mF Dombi weighted ordered geometric operator, and mF Dombi hybrid geometric (mFDHG) operator. We investigate properties, namely, idempotency, monotonicity, and boundedness, for the proposed operators. Moreover, we give an algorithm to solve multicriteria decision-making issues which involve mF information with mFDWA and mFDWG operators. To prove the validity and feasibility of the proposed model, we solve two numerical examples with our proposed models and give comparison with mF-ELECTRE-I approach (Akram et al. 2019) and mF Hamacher aggregation operators (Waseem et al. 2019). Finally, we check the effectiveness of the developed operators by a validity test.

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