scholarly journals Life cycle Assessment of Hydrogen Production via Natural Gas Steam Reforming vs. Biomass Gasification

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiran Zhao ◽  
Abbas Tamadon ◽  
Dirk Pons
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
The Impact

CONTEXT– Energy is widely involved in human activity and corresponding emissions of SOX, NOX and CO2 from energy generation processes affect global climate change. Clean fuels are desired by society because of their reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen is once such candidate fuel. Much hydrogen is produced from fossil fuel, with biomass being an alternative process. OBJECTIVE– The project compared the environmental impact of hydrogen production by natural gas steam reforming vs. biomass gasification. METHOD–Environmental impact was calculated from the input and output data from life cycle inventory analysis. The impact assessment was focused on greenhouse gas emission, acidification, and eutrophication. Models of the two processes were developed and analysed in OpenLCA. The agribalyse database was used to connect inventory flow data to environmental impacts. FINDINGS– For all three metrics, biomass gasification had lower impacts than natural gas steam reforming, sometimes by large margins. For biomass gasification the silica sand production contributes most to all three impact categories, whereas for natural gas steam reforming it is the LPG extraction.

scholarly journals Impact of Road Transport Means on Climate Change and Human Health in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Burchart-Korol ◽  
Piotr Folęga
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Impact

Operation of means of transport is one of major sources of environmental impact. The goal of this article was to analyse the greenhouse gas emissions and to assess the impact of operation of means of road transport in Poland on human health using the life cycle assessment technique based on an analysis of emission of dust and gas pollutants. Road transport was assessed by taking the following means of transport into account: passenger cars, other cars with weight of up to 3,500 kg, lorries, buses, motorcycles, mopeds and tractors. The analysis covered various dust and gas pollutants, including the emission of CO2, CO, N2O, CH4, NOx, NMVOC, PM and SO2. Using the IMPACT 2002+ life cycle impact assessment method, transport was assessed in a breakdown into the following impact categories: greenhouse gas emission and damage to human health, including damage caused by organic and inorganic compounds. It has been evidenced that the highest emissions of dust and gas pollutants are caused by passenger cars, which is mainly due to the number of vehicles of this type traversing Polish roads. The main cause of climate changes due to road transport is CO2 emission, while NOx emission is the main factor determining individual categories of damage to human health. The negative environmental impact is primarily related to the operation of combustion engine vehicles. Diesel oil and petrol are currently the main fuels used in Polish transport. In order to reduce their impact on the environment one should intensify the efforts aimed at increasing the share of alternative fuels in transport.

scholarly journals The Impact Of FDI Inflow On The Environment: A Case Of The Baltic-Black Sea Region Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Adisa Đonlagić ◽  
Bogdan A. Moskalenko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Impact

The article summarizes the arguments within the scientific challenge on improving approaches to estimate the environmental impact of FDI inflow on the economy. The main objective of the research is to systematize the existing statistical approaches to analyze whether and how the macroeconomic determinants could impact the environment in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. Systematization of theoretical and methodological materials on solving the problem of choice of applying more or less stringent environmental regulations with addition to more efficient industrial technologies which are supposed to have a positive impact on the environment. The relevance of solving this problem is that inceptive of FDI inflow could provide the economy with resources that reduce pollution, create better conditions for workers and local citizens. On the other hand, FDI is not interested in investing in economies with strict environmental legislation. The methodical tools of the research are carried out in the following logical sequence: the systematization of existing statistical methods panel data analysis; analysis of data that will be used in the estimation model and in further country environmental policymaking process; application of fixed and random effects models in estimation of the environmental impact of FDI on analyzed data. The research methods combine in the following dimensions: comparative analysis, regression analysis. The period from 1999 to 2018 was chosen as the research period. The objects of the research are foreign direct investment net inflows into the Baltic-Black Sea region countries` economies and their impact on its environment. The article presents the results of empirical analysis, which showed that FDI inflow has an impact on the environment, but it is severely limited by other more significant determinants. The pollution haven hypothesis in the Baltic-Black Sea trans-national region countries policy in attraction FDI has not been proved considering more strict high-standard environmental legislation in EU countries alongside with increase in GHG emission per capita. The results of the research can be useful within government policy-making processes considering the aim to incentivize FDI inflow. Keywords: country investment potential, environment, foreign direct investment, greenhouse gas emission, national economy.

scholarly journals Integrated Building Energy Simulation–Life Cycle Assessment (BES–LCA) Approach for Environmental Assessment of Agricultural Building: A Review and Application to Greenhouse Heating Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1230
Author(s):  
Cristina Decano-Valentin ◽  
In-Bok Lee ◽  
Uk-Hyeon Yeo ◽  
Sang-Yeon Lee ◽  
Jun-Gyu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Building Energy Simulation ◽  
Heating Systems

A substantial reduction in the environmental impacts related to the construction and operation of agricultural buildings is needed to adapt to the continuing development of agriculture. The life cycle assessment (LCA) is a methodology used to quantify the environmental impact of different processes involved in the production and therefore has been increasingly applied to assess the environmental burden. However, most LCA-related research studies have focused on the overall environmental impact of the entire system without considering the energy load of the agricultural buildings. By integrating the LCA tool with other design tools such as the building energy simulation (BES), the identification of environmental hotspots and the mitigation options become possible during the design process. Thus, the objective of the paper was to identify the current integration approaches used to combine BES and LCA results to assess the environmental impact of different heating systems such as absorption heat pump (AHP) using energy from thermal effluent, electricity-powered heat pump and kerosene-powered boilers used in a conventional multi-span Korean greenhouse. The assessment result revealed that the environmental impact caused using a kerosene-powered boiler is largest in terms of the acidification potential (AP), global warming potential (GWP) and Eutrophication Potential (EP) of 1.15 × 100 kg SO2-eq, 1.13 × 102 kg CO2-eq and 1.62 × 10−1 kg PO4-eq, respectively. Detailed analysis of the result showed that the main contributor for greenhouse gas emission was caused by the type, amount and source of energy used to heat the greenhouse, which contributed to a maximum of 86.59% for case 1, 96.69% for case 2 and a maximum of 96.47% for case 3, depending on the type of greenhouse gas being considered.

Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emission Benefits of Natural Gas Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi He ◽  
Timothy J. Wallington ◽  
James E. Anderson ◽  
Gregory A. Keoleian ◽  
Wei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Natural Gas Vehicles

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an Innovative Compact Hybrid Electrical-Thermal Storage System for Residential Buildings in Mediterranean Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5322
Author(s):  
Gabriel Zsembinszki ◽  
Noelia Llantoy ◽  
Valeria Palomba ◽  
Andrea Frazzica ◽  
Mattia Dallapiccola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Electrical Consumption ◽  
The Impact

The buildings sector is one of the least sustainable activities in the world, accounting for around 40% of the total global energy demand. With the aim to reduce the environmental impact of this sector, the use of renewable energy sources coupled with energy storage systems in buildings has been investigated in recent years. Innovative solutions for cooling, heating, and domestic hot water in buildings can contribute to the buildings’ decarbonization by achieving a reduction of building electrical consumption needed to keep comfortable conditions. However, the environmental impact of a new system is not only related to its electrical consumption from the grid, but also to the environmental load produced in the manufacturing and disposal stages of system components. This study investigates the environmental impact of an innovative system proposed for residential buildings in Mediterranean climate through a life cycle assessment. The results show that, due to the complexity of the system, the manufacturing and disposal stages have a high environmental impact, which is not compensated by the reduction of the impact during the operational stage. A parametric study was also performed to investigate the effect of the design of the storage system on the overall system impact.

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