Multimarker Approach to Evaluate the Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields at 27 GHz (5g) On Danio rerio larvae

5G technology is evolving to satisfy several service requirements favoring high data-rate connections and lower latency times than current ones (< 1ms). 5G systems use different frequency bands of the radio wave spectrum, taking advantage of higher frequencies than previous mobile radio generations. In order to guarantee a capillary coverage of the territory for high reliability applications, it will be necessary to install a large number of repeaters because higher frequencies waves have a lower capacity to propagate in free space. Following the introduction of this new technology, there has been a growing concern about possible harmful effects on human health. The aim of this study is investigating possible short term effects induced by 5G-millimeter waves on embryonic development of Danio rerio. We have exposed fertilized eggs to 27 GHz frequency, 9.7 mW/cm2 incident power density, 23 dbm and have measured several endpoints every 24 hours. The exposure to electromagnetic fields at 27 GHz (5G) caused no significant impacts on mortality nor on morphology because the exposed larvae showed a normal detachment of the tail, presence of heart-beat and well-organised somites. A weak positivity on exposed larvae has been highlighted by immunohistochemical analysis.

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Spectrally efficient multicarrier modulation system for visible light communication

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) ◽

10.11591/ijece.v9i2.pp1184-1190 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1184

Author(s):

T. Deepa ◽

Harshita Mathur ◽

K. A. Sunitha

Keyword(s):

Visible Light ◽

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽

High Reliability ◽

Visible Light Communication ◽

Coded Modulation ◽

High Data ◽

Delta Sigma ◽

Trellis Coded ◽

High Spectral Efficiency ◽

Trellis Diagram

<span lang="EN-US">Visible Light Communication (VLC) has become an accolade to its radio frequency counterpart. In VLC system, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has drawn much attention, because of simple equalization, high spectral efficiency, high data rate and robustness to intersymbol interference (ISI). Besides, there are emerging applications that ought to be gotten with low latency and high reliability. To diminish power requirements with no transmission capacity extension, Trellis coded modulation (TCM) is utilized as a part of the framework in which the free distance of trellis diagram is equivalent to the minimum distance between the points of constellation focuses in partitioned subsets, which augments the coding gain up i.e. the performance parameter viably. TCM together with VLC-OFDM enhances the transmission execution in reasonable frameworks. In this paper, we propose OFDM which is based on TCM and is planned and exeuted for digitized OFDM frameworks by presenting delta sigma modulation (DSM) considering VLC channel. Simulation results show that the proposed TCM based VLC-OFDM offers incredible robustness against noises and nonlinear degradation.</span>

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Study of electrostatic and electromagnetic fields generated by video display terminals

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kazmj71426 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 419-422

Author(s):

L. M. Fatkhutdinova ◽

I. K. Vaziev ◽

E. B. Reznikov

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Birth Defects ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

New Technology ◽

Spontaneous Abortions ◽

Labor Protection ◽

Video Display ◽

Video Display Terminals ◽

The Subject

Video display terminals (VDT) are widely used in all spheres of human activity. It is estimated that 30 million RCCBs are in use in North America alone. Like any new technology, production with the use of VDT is the subject of serious attention of specialists in the field of labor protection. Currently, there is no doubt that VDTs cause severe discomfort in those working with them, accompanied by numerous complaints (asthenopic phenomena, musculoskeletal and headaches, increased anxiety and irritability). In addition, information is accumulating about the development of more serious disorders (myopization, skin diseases, spontaneous abortions and birth defects of the fetus).

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Limitations of Incident Power Density as a Proxy for Induced Electromagnetic Fields

Bioelectromagnetics ◽

10.1002/bem.22268 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 348-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andreas Christ ◽

Theodoros Samaras ◽

Esra Neufeld ◽

Niels Kuster

Keyword(s):

Power Density ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Incident Power ◽

Incident Power Density

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A Survey on Radio Resource Allocation for V2X Communication

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing ◽

10.1155/2019/2430656 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ahlem Masmoudi ◽

Kais Mnif ◽

Faouzi Zarai

Keyword(s):

Resource Allocation ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

High Reliability ◽

Radio Resource Management ◽

D2d Communication ◽

Radio Resource ◽

High Data ◽

Communication Modes ◽

Allocation Algorithms

Thanks to the deployment of new techniques to support high data rate, high reliability, and QoS provision, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) can be applied for diverse applications. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is one of the evolving applications for LTE technology to improve traffic safety, to minimize congestion, and to ensure comfortable driving which requires stringent reliability and latency requirements. As mentioned in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), LTE-based Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is an enabler for V2X services to meet these requirements. Therefore, radio resource management (RRM) is important to efficiently allocate resources to V2X communications. In this paper, we present the V2X communications, their requirements and services, the V2X-based LTE-D2D communication modes, and the existing resource allocation algorithms for V2X communications. Moreover, we classify the existing resource allocation algorithms proposed in the literature and we compare them according to selected criteria.

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The Relevance of Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic Module Packaging in the 5G Market

International Symposium on Microelectronics ◽

10.4071/isom-2017-wp31_147 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 (1) ◽

pp. 000773-000778

Author(s):

Ton Schless

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

High Frequency ◽

Response Times ◽

High Reliability ◽

High Signal ◽

Power Performance ◽

High Data ◽

Data Rates ◽

On Line ◽

4G Lte

Abstract 5th Generation Telecommunications Technology, 5G, is emerging to provide the market with even higher data rates and bandwidth and lower response times than the 4th generation telecommunications technology, 4G/LTE, that is currently deployed. With commercial 5G networks coming on-line in 2020 the network providers and infrastructure companies are quickly developing devices and systems to meet the demand of the 5G market. Since high data rates and high bandwidths demand high frequency microwave, MW, devices, Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic, LTCC, is one of the materials of choice for those modules in a 5G system that require the high 3D integration, high signal integrity, high reliability and high power performance of LTCC. LTCC has proven for more than two decades now to exhibit these qualities in high-frequency telecommunication applications. This paper explores the relevance of LTCC technology in the module packaging market in the 5G market.

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WEB SERVER ON ARDUINO WITH AUTHORIZATION AND GRAPHIC REPRESEN-TATION OF INFORMATION FROM SENSORS

Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University ◽

10.17721/2519-481x/2019/64-10 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 99-112

Author(s):

A. Myasischev ◽

L. Komarova ◽

R. Gritsky ◽

K. Kulik

Keyword(s):

Transfer Rate ◽

Graphical Representation ◽

Data Transfer ◽

High Reliability ◽

Web Server ◽

Programming Environment ◽

Data Transfer Rate ◽

Development Environment ◽

High Data ◽

Remote Client

In the work on the basis of Arduino Mega and the W5100 controller, a web server is built for graphical display of remote client data obtained from temperature, pressure, humidity sensors. The server program is written in the Arduino IDE development environment. The Ethernet library for the W5100 has been updated, which for Arduino IDE ver. 1.0.3, 1.0.5-r2 caused the server to hang. The possibility of using the Dygraphs library for graphical visualization of data obtained with sensors is shown. Written scripts for drawing graphics for the projected web server. The data transfer rate from the Arduino web server for various network controllers ENC28J60, W5100, W5500 for the Arduino IDE programming environment and UIPEthernet, Ethernet, Ethernet2 libraries was analyzed. It is shown that with the lowest speed the data is transmitted by the web server with the ENC28J60 controller - 3.3Kb/s, with the largest controller W5500 - 23.4Kbytes/s. It is noted that these servers do not support multithreaded work. Therefore, they can not be used to create miniature universal web servers for processing multiple requests simultaneously. The server considered in the work can serve only one request from one remote client. The speed parameters of data transfer for the server on the ATmega328p microcontroller (Arduino UNO) with the network controller ENC28J60 are analyzed. The server program is implemented in C language in the AVR Studio programming environment. A high data transfer rate of 140Kb/s and a possibility of multithreading are noted. It is established that with simultaneous transmission of three files to different clients, the total transmission speed reaches 120-130Kb/s, and for each client 40-50Kb/s. It is shown that the use of such a server to solve the problem of graphical representation of data from sensors is difficult due to the complexity of transferring software to other microcontrollers and the limited library for working with a microSD card. The operation of the server developed here for three years has shown high reliability of its operation. The paper discusses the creation of a web server on the Arduino, which is a modernized HTTP basic authentication. The upgrade consists in the fact that for authorization a password is used from the list of passwords that is selected by the user on the basis of the key sent by the server. With each new login to the server, the previous password becomes invalid. Presents a practical example of a web server on Arduino Mega, Ethernet controllers: enc28j60 and w5500.

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An Integrated System for the Study of Wind-Wave Source Terms in Finite-Depth Water

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology ◽

10.1175/jtech1726.1 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 814-831 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Ian R. Young ◽

Michael L. Banner ◽

Mark A. Donelan ◽

Cyril McCormick ◽

Alexander V. Babanin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wind Waves ◽

Wave Spectrum ◽

Finite Depth ◽

Integrated System ◽

Small Scale ◽

Source Terms ◽

Spectral Evolution ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Wave Source ◽

High Data

Abstract A field experiment to study the spectral balance of the source terms for wind-generated waves in finite water depth was carried out in Lake George, Australia. The measurements were made from a shore-connected platform at varying water depths from 1.2 m down to 20 cm. Wind conditions and the geometry of the lake were such that fetch-limited conditions with fetches ranging from approximately 10 km down to 1 km prevailed. The resulting waves were intermediate-depth wind waves with inverse wave ages in the range 1 < U10/Cp < 8. The atmospheric input, bottom friction, and whitecap dissipation were measured directly and synchronously by an integrated measurement system, described in the paper. In addition, simultaneous data defining the directional wave spectrum, atmospheric boundary layer profile, and atmospheric turbulence were available. The contribution to the spectral evolution due to nonlinear interactions of various orders is investigated by a combination of bispectral analysis of the data and numerical modeling. The relatively small scale of the lake enabled experimental conditions such as the wind field and bathymetry to be well defined. The observations were conducted over a 3-yr period, from September 1997 to August 2000, with a designated intensive measurement period [the Australian Shallow Water Experiment (AUSWEX)] carried out in August–September 1999. High data return was achieved.

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Operating Experience Complements New Technology in Design of Advanced Combustion Turbine

1988 Joint Power Generation Conference: GT Papers ◽

10.1115/88-jpgc/gt-1 ◽

1988 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. J. Scalzo ◽

R. J. Antos ◽

I. Fukue

Keyword(s):

High Reliability ◽

New Technology ◽

Operating Experience ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Advanced Combustion ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Current Production ◽

Reliability And Availability

High reliability and availability of current production combustion turbines have been achieved only after the identification and the resolution of past operating anomilies. Technological advances in fields such as aerodynamics, metallurgy, cooling, and computer capability have played important roles in these solutions as well as in the development of new advanced heavy duty combustion turbines. This paper discusses experiences with the W501 and the MW 701D combustion turbines and how this background influenced the design of the 501F advanced heavy duty combustion turbine.

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