scholarly journals Development of smartphone-based semi-prepared runway operations (SPRO) models and methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ward ◽  
Anthony Falls ◽  
Craig Rutland

The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) has developed a method for predicting surface friction response by use of ground vehicles equipped with deceleration-based measurement devices. Specifically, the ERDC has developed models and measurement methods between the Findlay Irvine Mk2 GripTester and a variety of deceleration measurement devices: Bowmonk AFM2 Mk3, Xsens MTi-G-710, two Android smartphones, and two iOS smartphones. These models show positive correlation between ground vehicle deceleration and fixed-slip surface continuous surface friction measurement. This effort extends prior work conducted by the U.S. Army ERDC in developing highly correlative models between the Findlay Irvine Mk2 GripTester and actual C-17 braking deceleration, measured via the runway condition rating (RCR) system. The models and measurement methods detailed here are of considerable use to semi-prepared airfield managers around the world needing to measure safe landing conditions following inclement weather. This work provides the tools necessary for airfield managers to quantify safe landing conditions for C-17 aircraft by using easily obtainable equipment and simple test standards.

Author(s):  
Jeb S. Tingle ◽  
Gregory J. Norwood ◽  
Brian Cotter

The objective of this research was to develop a correlation between the runway condition rating (RCR) and runway surface friction measurements for dry and wet unpaved runways supporting C-17 aircraft operations. To achieve this objective, flight tests were conducted with an instrumented C-17 on several unpaved runways of different soil types under a variety of surface moisture conditions. A trailer-based continuous friction measurement device was used to conduct continuous surface friction measurements along the runway immediately before and following each C-17 landing event. These data were used to correlate the runway surface friction values from the device to the RCR computed from aircraft performance data. An accurate prediction of RCR allows predictions of aircraft stopping performance under adverse weather conditions.


1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 617-619
Author(s):  
Harold P. Van Cott ◽  
Joel J. Kramer

At the 1977 meeting of the HFS a concept was presented for a Standard Ergonomics Reference Data System. The system would have two goals (1) the critical evaluation and integration of data from the existing published ergonomics literature, and (2) the development and application of standard measurement methods to collect key ergonomics data representative of the U.S. population not found in the published literature in a reliable form. This presentation will cover progress made in 1978 to assess user data needs and develop critical evaluation criteria, in light of significant overall program planning changes.


Author(s):  
Thomas Beuker ◽  
Ron Alers ◽  
Bryce Brown ◽  
George Alers

Pipeline deterioration by stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is an increasing challenge for the pipeline industry. Recent incidents and the lately issued OPS advisory bulletin in the U.S., emphasize the worldwide focus on this phenomenon. Coating disbondment is understood as a precursor to SCC by increasing the susceptibility of the pipeline for corrosion. The presented High Resolution ILI-technology, based on a novel concept of an Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT), allows both, the detection of SCC and the detection of disbonded coating, using two independent measurement methods. Thus, the technology combines proactive and reactive measures to improve the reliability of a pipeline that is susceptible to SCC. Data from a series of full-scale tests, obtained with the ILI-EMAT prototype, will be presented. The tests were conducted on pipe containing natural SCC colonies. The improvement of SCC detection capability will be demonstrated.


2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukitoshi Ihara ◽  
◽  
Yuki Hiramatsu

To measure motion accuracy, including that of the rotary axis of five-axis machining center that have been widely introduced into production sites recently, a device with three displacement sensors combined to measure the center position of the master ball was invented and will be added to the International Standard. Such measurement devices are not difficult to produce in principle, but the commercially available products are expensive. This study discusses a threedimensional (3D) coordinate measurement device with multiple displacement sensors, discussing it in terms of the test standards of the machines to which the device has been applied and in relation to devices which have been studied, developed, and released. Our measurement device is then designed and produced, and its measurement accuracy is confirmed.


2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Thomas F. King

In his article, “The Value and Valuation of Maritime Cultural Heritage”, Stefan Claesson discusses methods by which the relative or absolute value of submerged cultural sites like shipwrecks might be established, to provide rational bases for decisions about their management. He emphasizes systems used in ecosystem valuation, notably an average individual's projected “willingness to pay” (WTP) to preserve something and “willingness to accept” (WTA) its loss. He suggests that systems to apply such measurement devices be built into things like the procedures for addressing impacts on historic properties under Section 106 of the U.S. National Historic Preservation Act.


Author(s):  
R. D. Heidenreich

This program has been organized by the EMSA to commensurate the 50th anniversary of the experimental verification of the wave nature of the electron. Davisson and Germer in the U.S. and Thomson and Reid in Britian accomplished this at about the same time. Their findings were published in Nature in 1927 by mutual agreement since their independent efforts had led to the same conclusion at about the same time. In 1937 Davisson and Thomson shared the Nobel Prize in physics for demonstrating the wave nature of the electron deduced in 1924 by Louis de Broglie.The Davisson experiments (1921-1927) were concerned with the angular distribution of secondary electron emission from nickel surfaces produced by 150 volt primary electrons. The motivation was the effect of secondary emission on the characteristics of vacuum tubes but significant deviations from the results expected for a corpuscular electron led to a diffraction interpretation suggested by Elasser in 1925.


Author(s):  
Eugene J. Amaral

Examination of sand grain surfaces from early Paleozoic sandstones by electron microscopy reveals a variety of secondary effects caused by rock-forming processes after final deposition of the sand. Detailed studies were conducted on both coarse (≥0.71mm) and fine (=0.25mm) fractions of St. Peter Sandstone, a widespread sand deposit underlying much of the U.S. Central Interior and used in the glass industry because of its remarkably high silica purity.The very friable sandstone was disaggregated and sieved to obtain the two size fractions, and then cleaned by boiling in HCl to remove any iron impurities and rinsed in distilled water. The sand grains were then partially embedded by sprinkling them onto a glass slide coated with a thin tacky layer of latex. Direct platinum shadowed carbon replicas were made of the exposed sand grain surfaces, and were separated by dissolution of the silica in HF acid.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document