scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Melaleuca bracteata Oil Formula on Trapping of Fruit Fly Pests (Bactrocera spp.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Agus Kardinan ◽  
Elna Karmawati

<p> </p><p>Fruit flies (<em>Bact</em><em>r</em><em>ocera</em> spp) can cause yield losses of 30-40% of the horticultural product and even crop failure. One way to control is to use an attractant with the active ingredient methyl eugenol<span style="text-decoration: line-through;">.</span> The objective of the research was to identify the catching ability and the durability of the formula on trapping fruit flies. It was conducted from October 2020 to March 2021 in orchards in the Bogor area, designed in a randomized block with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of oils: (1) nutmeg, (2) cloves, (3) citronella, (4) palm, (5) melaleuca + nutmeg, (6) melaleuca + cloves, (7) melaleuca + citronella, (8 ) melaleuca + palm (1:1 ratio). As much as 1 ml of oil is dropped on a cotton swab in a trap bottle and hung on a fruit tree. Observations were made every 5 days by counting the number, type of flies, and sex of the flies trapped. It showed that nutmeg and clove oil were able to trap 5 and 7 fruit flies in the first 5 days, but subsequently no flies were trapped, while citronella and palm oil were unable to trap fruit flies. A mixture of melaleuca oil containing 84.86% methyl eugenol with nutmeg, citronella, and palm oil was able to trap fruit flies for about 3 months with a total catch of 2.479; 2.434; and 2.487, respectively, while the mixture of melaleuca+cloves was able to trap fruit flies for 4 months and was able to trap 2 female flies<span style="text-decoration: line-through;">.</span></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>:   Attractant, <em>Bactrocera</em> spp., <em>Melaleuca bracteata</em>, methyl eugenol</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><strong>Efektivitas Formula Minyak <em>Melaleuca bracteata</em> Terhadap Daya Tangkap Hama Lalat Buah (<em>Bactrocera</em> spp.)</strong></p><p>Lalat buah (<em>Bact</em><em>rocera</em> spp) dapat menimbulkan kehilangan hasil sebesar 30–40% pada produk hortikultura, bahkan gagal panen. Salah satu cara pengendaliannya adalah dengan menggunakan atraktan (pemikat) berbahan aktif metil eugenol (C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>14</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)<em>. </em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya tangkap dan daya tahan formula dalam memerangkap hama lalat buah. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2020 sampai Maret 2021 di kebun buah-buahan (rambutan, jambu biji, dan jambu air) di Bogor, dengan rancangan acak kelompok 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan.  Perlakuan terdiri dari minyak : (1) pala, (2) cengkeh, (3) serai wangi, (4) sawit, (5) melaleuca + pala, (6) melaleuca + cengkeh, (7) melaleuca + serai wangi, (8) melaleuca + sawit (dengan perbandingan 1 :1).  Sebanyak 1 ml minyak diteteskan pada kapas di dalam botol perangkap dan digantungkan pada pohon. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap 5 hari terhadap jumlah, jenis dan jenis kelamin lalat yang terperangkap. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa minyak pala dan cengkeh mampu memerangkap lalat buah sebanyak 5 dan 7 ekor berturut-turut pada 5 hari pertama, namun selanjutnya tidak ada lalat yang terperangkap, sedangkan minyak serai wangi dan sawit tidak mampu memerangkap lalat buah. Campuran minyak melaleuca yang mengandung metil eugenol 84,86% dengan minyak pala, serai wangi dan sawit mampu memerangkap lalat buah selama sekitar 3 bulan dengan total tangkapan sebesar 2,479; 2,434; dan 2,487 ekor per perangkap berturut-turut, sedangkan campuran Melaleuca dengan cengkeh mampu memerangkap lalat buah selama 4 bulan dan mampu memerangkap 2 ekor lalat betina, walaupun dengan jumlah tangkapan yang lebih rendah (2,078 ekor) daripada perlakuan lain.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong> : Atraktan, <em>Bactrocera</em> spp., <em>Melaleuca bracteata, </em>metil eugenol</p>

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Jeffij V. Hasinu ◽  
John A. Patty ◽  
Gratiana N. C. Tuhumury

Morphological identification and population of fruit fly (Bactrocera sp.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in chili fields, SavanajayaVillage Buru District. Fruit fly (Bactrocera sp.) are pests that damage horticultural crops, one of which is chili and has thepotential to reduce the production quality and quantity. The aim of this research was to identify and obtain populationnumbers of fruit fly species in the chili fields in Savanajaya Village, Buru District. This study used diagonal sampling methodwith fruit fly traps placed randomly at each sub location of sampling, traps were modified Steiner ’s Trap type. Each trap wasconsisted of 1.5 mL of methyl eugenol on cotton ball, the treatment was repeated three times. Observations were at 3, 6, 9 and12 days after application (daa). The identification results showed that the fruit flies species that trapped were Bactroceradorsalis (Hendel) and Bactrocera umbrosus (Fabricius). The highest number of fruit fly was trapped at 6 daa with an averageof 110.67 to 134.03 or 48.51 to 58.73% from total catch, in addition the lowest catch was at 12 daa with an average of 29.67 to64.67 or 12.99 to 28. 34%. The average number of trapped population was 914.62 individuals.


Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John A Patty

One of the major constraints in chili production system in Indonesia is the fruit fly attack on chili fruits. These pests often lead to crop failure if not treated seriously. One way used to suppress the pest population is the use of Methyl Eugenol attractant compound (Petrogenol 800 L). The study was conducted to determine the effect of methyl eugenol dose and catching time difference on fruit flies that were caught. The study took place in Waimital Village, Kairatu Subdistrict, West Seram District. The research was conducted in an experiment using a Randomized Block Design (RAB) with 5 treatments, namely: (A) 0.5 ml of methyl eugenol, (B) 1 ml of methyl eugenol, (C) 1.5 ml of methyl eugenol, (D) 2 ml methyl eugenol, (E) 2.5 ml of methyl eugenol, placed in a each trap. Observations were conducted when the insects were active at 10.00 (06.00-10,00 period) and when the insects were inactive at 18:00 hours (11:00 to 18:00 period) on the number of fruit fly imagoes that were captured. The results showed that the effective methyl eugenol dose to catch Bactrocera dorsalis was in treatment C (1.5 ml, with 32.53 fruit flies caught per day or 97.67 fruit flies catches during three days of observation. The highest number of catch for 3 days was at 2,5 ml, with 118.60 fruit flies caught.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma M. O. Abdullah ◽  
Amani M. K. Abbas ◽  
Hind A. Ali ◽  
Faiza M. Abdelmagid ◽  
Abubaker H. M. Adam

The Basil plant (Ocimumbasilicum L) is an annual herb; belongs to family Lamiaceae. It is found to be an important source for Methyl Eugenol (ME), the fruit flies attractant. This study was carried out at Shendi area with main objective to assess the amount of ME extracted from Ocimumbasilicumplant to evaluate its potentiality as fruit fly attractant. Plants of basil were grown till to maturity, then the differential harvest of leaves, flower and seeds were chemically investigated for volatilome. Five basil formulations (paste and powder of leaves, paste and powder of flowers, isolated ME from basil oil) were used for trapping potential of Bactrocera spp in mango orchards, as compared to the synthetic ME. The oil was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus, steam and water distillation, and analyzed using GCMS. The results revealed that highest extracted oil percentages was obtained from flowers, leaves, seed and stem were 5.75%, 3.03%, 0.02% and 0.21% respectively. Moreover, the basil traps catch was found to be lower compared with that of the control traps. Furthermore, when extracted ME from basil plant was compared with the standard synthetic, it gave lower catch fruit flies numbers, but the difference was not significant (>0.05). In conclusion, the basil raw derivates are confirmed not to be attractive for flies but the oil distillable from the leaves could be in force of its attractant ME contents and insecticide potency.


2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
C. Ebi

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit crop in Nigeria. It is a source of essential vitamins and is also cultivated for its nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses. Fruit flies infest various commercial fruit crops and cause economic damage. Mass trapping and male annihilation technique (MAT) has been the most useful and common means of controlling fruit flies with special focus on Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) on mangoes. The study evaluated the effectiveness of four types of parapheromones namely, methyl eugenol (liquid and solid forms), cuelure, terpinyl acetate and trimedlure for mass trapping of fruit flies on Mango. Modified Lynfield traps containing the parapheromones were randomly set on the mango orchards in three replicates in Nigeria Horticultural Research Institute (NIHORT) orchard, Okigwe, Imo state, Southeast Nigeria. This study was conducted during the mango fruiting period of 2019 season, when the density of fruit flies peaked. Effect of parapheromones on mean number of damaged dropped fruits was also evaluated. The mean population of B. dorsalis and Ceratitis cosyra was significantly higher (P>0.05) in liquid methyl eugenol traps when compared to other parapheromones. Bactrocera dorsalis recorded more than 90% of the fruit flies that were trapped especially in the first 3 weeks of trapping. In orchard I, Liquid methyl eugenol significantly (P<0.05) trapped highest number of B. dorsalis (270.20) in week I and similar trends were observed in orchard II. There was steady decline in damaged dropped mango fruits as the study progressed (Fig. 1 and 2). Use of liquid methyl eugenol was most effective in trapping B. dorsalis and C. cosyra, and it can be incorporated in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programmes for the control of fruit flies.


2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Linda ◽  
Witjaksono Witjaksono ◽  
Suputa Suputa

Fruit fly monitoring is an important part of integrated pest management  since  it provides information  about fruit flies species composition in any given  area. The aim of this study was to find out species composition of fruit fly in the City of Sorong, and both Sorong and Raja Ampat Regencies. Sampling was conducted from June to November 2016 using trapping method. There were 19 species of fruit flies in the whole sampling locations, consist of 11 species attracted to cue lure and 8 species attracted to methyl eugenol. Bactrocera frauenfeldi was the dominant species  in trap baited with cue lure, while B. umbrosa and B. dorsalis were dominant in trap baited with methyl eugenol. Fruit fly diversity index in Raja Ampat Regency and City of Sorong were low while diversity index in Sorong Regency was relatively moderate. IntisariMonitoring lalat buah merupakan bagian penting dalam pengelolaan hama terpadu yang memberikan informasi tentang komposisi lalat buah di suatu area. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komposisi spesies lalat buah di Kabupaten Sorong, kota Sorong dan Kabupaten Raja Ampat. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan mulai dari Juni sampai November 2016 dengan metode pemasangan perangkap. Total terdapat 19 spesies lalat buah dari seluruh wilayah pengambilan sampel, dengan 11 spesies yang tertarik cue lure dan 8 spesies tertarik metil eugenol. Bactrocera frauenfeldi adalah lalat buah yang paling dominan pada perangkap dengan  atraktan cue lure sedangkan  B. dorsalis serta B. umbrosa dominan pada perangkap dengan atraktan metil eugenol. Indeks keragaman jenis lalat buah di Kabupaten Raja Ampat dan Kota Sorong termasuk rendah sedangkan di Kabupaten Sorong indeks keragamannya relatif sedang.


2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Agus Susanto ◽  
Wahyu Daradjat Natawigena ◽  
Lindung Tri Puspasari ◽  
Neng Inne Nur Atami

Fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis Complex) is one of the major pests in horticultural commodities in Indonesia. In this present study, a control method of formulating methyl eugenol and the addition of fruit essences was tested to attract B. dorsalis Complex. The objective was to find out the effect of fruit essences addition in the performance of methyl eugenol in attracting fruit flies and to obtain the most effective fruit essences for attracting male and female fruit flies. The experiment was conducted on mango plantation in Pasirmuncang village, Majalengka, West Java from March 2016 until December 2016. Several synthetic fruit essences which were separately added to methyl eugenol in this experiment were mango, citrus, guava, and starfruit essences. The results showed that the addition of fruit essences on methyl eugenol traps had the same effectiveness  or as good as  any single methyl eugenol trap. Moreover, the additions of mango and orange essences  were not effective enough in attracting female fruit flies, although the number of female fruit flies that were caught were more than the other treatments. IntisariLalat buah Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks merupakan salah satu hama utama pada komoditas hortikultura. Pada penelitian ini, metode pengendalian dengan memformulasikan metil eugenol dan tambahan esens buah diuji untuk menarik B. dorsalis Kompleks. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui efek penambahan esens buah pada kinerja perangkap metil eugenol dalam menarik lalat buah serta untuk mendapatkan esens buah yang efektif untuk menarik lalat buah betina. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perkebunan mangga di desa Pasirmuncang, Majalengka, Jawa Barat dari bulan Maret 2016 hingga bulan Desember 2016. Beberapa jenis esens buah sintetik yang secara terpisah ditambahkan pada metil eugenol pada percobaan ini adalah mangga, jeruk, jambu biji, dan belimbing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan esens buah pada perangkap metil eugenol memiliki keefektifan yang sama baiknya dengan perangkap metil eugenol secara tunggal. Selain itu, penambahan esens mangga dan esens jeruk belum cukup efektif dalam menarik lalat buah betina meskipun jumlah lalat buah betina yang tertangkap lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.


Author(s):  
ZuberiSingano Seguni

A community-based area wide fruit fly suppression exercise involving simultaneous application by farmers of methyl eugenol-mediated mass capture of males of Bactrocera dorsalis fruit fly, crop sanitation by burial of fallen fruits and SUCCESS bait (GF 121)spot application of citrus tree crowns, was undertaken in three villages in Muheza district, Tanga region north eastern Tanzania. Male fruit fly numbers in methyl eugenol traps dropped significantly following application of the treatments from 970 flies per trap per week before application of treatments in July 2011 to 100 and 46 flies six and nine months after treatments at Kwabada village; 200 flies per trap per week before to 34 and one flies after treatment at Kwemsaa village and from 800 flies before to 64 and 50 flies per trap per week during the same period at Mlingano village. However, a fall occurred also in untreated orchards indicating a possible spill-over effect of the treatments due to the large area covered. Moreover, the treated areas might have acted as a sink that drew fruit flies from neighbouring untreated orchards into it. The drastic fall in trapped males may be associated with the effect of the treatments in reducing the number of flies so that fewer were available to fly into the traps. The collective and simultaneous application by farmers of fruit fly suppression over a large crop area is a robust strategy to manage fruit flies in citrus and other fruits orchards such as mango. The results suggest that farmers can successfully implement area-wide fruit fly suppression in smallholder citrus systems.


EUGENIA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetsi A. Kaurow ◽  
Max Tulung ◽  
Jantje Pelealu

ABSTRACT Improvements to the identification techniques adapted to the latest determination key, requires socialization, so that the farmer can determine which plant pests have damaged many crops and causing losses. This study were conducted to determine species of fruit fly Bactrocera spp. and to determine the population of Bactrocera spp. attacking commodities chili, tomato and pumpkin siam. Research carried out by direct surveys on the area which is the center of the fruit and vegetable crops in Tomohon. Each stretch of the plants fruit vegetable crops of chili, tomato and pumpkin siam was laid trap.  The number of traps on each observation plots of vegetables or fruit per plant commodities were 5 (five) traps. The bottle trap was placed in the middle of planting vegetables fruit by a diagonal way. Traps of steiner models made of plastic bottles of 1.5 liters of mineral water and a perforated plastic funnel fitted as entrance fruit flies was used in this experiment. The tool is also equipped with a wire as a binder between the traps and wood enforcement to be put in planting fruit vegetables. Cotton was rolled with a diameter of about 3 cm and then tied with thread and put Methyl Eugenol (ME) of 0.25 ml and Cue-Lure (CL) as much as 0.25 ml by using the syringe and then hung in the middle of the bottle trap. Keywords : identification, population, Methyl Eugenol, Cue-Lure


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Sunarno Sunarno
Keyword(s):  

Studies on the Identification Type Fruit Fly (Bactrocera spp) in the Galela, North Halmahera by Using Methyl eugenol traps " made in the Galela, North Halmahera in the month of July-August 2014. This study aims to. Knowing the type of fruit flies (Diptera : tephritid) of the genus Bactrocera spp which attack plants Horticulture in the Galela , Knowing the type of the genus Bactrocera fruit flies , the dominant spp Hottikultura attack plants in the region Galela . The research was conducted by means of methyl eugenol trap pocket as high as 1-1.5 m , a total of 18 traps for 1 month . Results of research on fruit flies get caught in a trap in the area Galela , North Halmahera regency as many as 6714 birds. In the area there are 7 types Galela pest fruit flies is the most dominant B. carambolae (33 %) , and is extensible at least B. curvifera (Walker)(0.1 %)


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Herry Marta Saputra ◽  
Budi Afriyansyah

Distribution and identification of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) attracted on methyl euganol and cue lure in CentralBangka Regency, Bangka Belitung. Not all fruit flies species of Dacini tribe were pests to fruit and fleshy vegetables. CentralBangka Regency is one of the citrus producer in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Information about this fruit flies in thisarea was limited. This study aimed to make inventory and identification of fruit flies species of the Dacini tribe in CentralBangka Regency, Bangka Belitung. The research was conducted in Nibung, Penyak, and Terentang Villages in Central BangkaRegency, Bangka Islands. Lynfield traps were installed in a citrus cultivation area about 1.5 m above ground level. Lynfieldtraps were treated with the attractant and deltamethrin (2: 1; v / v) on dental cotton. Methyl eugenol and cue lure were usedto attract the male fruit flies. In Central Bangka Regency, 3 genera and 14 species of fruit flies were obtained from the tribeDacini. The fruit fly species of Bactrocera atrifemur, B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, B. occipitalis, and B. umbrosa were caughtin the methyl eugenol attractant trap. Meanwhile, the fruit fly species of B. albistrigata, B. fuscitibia, B. melastomatos,B. neocognata, B. nigrotibialis, Dacus nanggalae, Zeugodacus apicalis, Z. caudatus, and Z. cucurbitae were caught in thecue lure attractant trap. The fruit flies obtained from the two different attractants were used to develop dichotomous keys.


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