ASCAPE: A Flexible and Efficient Analytical Tool to Evaluate Aquifer Storage Capacity for CO2 Sequestration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Freni ◽  
Vincenzo Napolitano ◽  
Silvia Mancini ◽  
Roberto Buscaglia
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Co2 Solubility ◽  
Aquifer Storage ◽  
Pressure Increment

Abstract In recent years, carbon neutrality has emerged as an important social and political focus globally, where carbon sequestration plays a key role. The present work is aimed at introducing ASCAPE (Aquifer Storage CAPacity Evaluation tool), a fast and flexible tool useful in case of CO2 aquifer sequestration to preliminarily evaluate the required storage capacity as a function of the maximum allowable pressure increment. ASCAPE is based on the volumetric method included in SPE "Guidelines for Applications of the CO2 Storage Resources Management System" (SPE, 2020) for aquifer sequestration. The analytical formula was integrated to include additional physical phenomena as CO2 solubility in water, pressure control through water production, effect of gas pools connected to aquifer. The tool, implemented in Excel/VBA environment, allows to easily obtain a theoretical Pressure increment vs. Aquifer Volume curve useful to estimate the required aquifer volume to store a given quantity of CO2. ASCAPE results were validated comparing to a simplified 3D model simulated by a compositional commercial dynamic simulator. The validation showed a very good alignment with the 3D dynamic simulation results under several conditions. Many tests were performed with and without the CO2 solubility model, demonstrating that this phenomenon acts as pressure increment reducer. The original volumetric model can be therefore considered slightly conservative, since it neglects this physical contribution, which allowed to improve the reliability of the proposed analytical model. The proposed methodology is a general-purpose application being not related to a specified candidate and, therefore, it can be tailored on the specific scenario to be evaluated. ASCAPE was developed for preliminary screening of CO2 sequestration concepts in greenfield development areas, where the absence of brown or exhausted fields makes the storage in aquifer the only viable solution. Different aquifers were compared under certain assumptions of carbon to be stored with and without water production, allowing a preliminary evaluation that will be used to rank the concepts in terms of technical/economic feasibility.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation and Optimization of CO2 Sequestration in Saline Aquifers

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheming Zhang ◽  
Ramesh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Injection Well ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Saline Aquifer ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Co2 Plume

With recent concerns on CO2 emissions from coal fired electricity generation plants; there has been major emphasis on the development of safe and economical Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration (CCS) technology worldwide. Saline reservoirs are attractive geological sites for CO2 sequestration because of their huge capacity for sequestration. Over the last decade, numerical simulation codes have been developed in U.S, Europe and Japan to determine a priori the CO2 storage capacity of a saline aquifer and provide risk assessment with reasonable confidence before the actual deployment of CO2 sequestration can proceed with enormous investment. In U.S, TOUGH2 numerical simulator has been widely used for this purpose. However at present it does not have the capability to determine optimal parameters such as injection rate, injection pressure, injection depth for vertical and horizontal wells etc. for optimization of the CO2 storage capacity and for minimizing the leakage potential by confining the plume migration. This paper describes the development of a “Genetic Algorithm (GA)” based optimizer for TOUGH2 that can be used by the industry with good confidence to optimize the CO2 storage capacity in a saline aquifer of interest. This new code including the TOUGH2 and the GA optimizer is designated as “GATOUGH2”. It has been validated by conducting simulations of three widely used benchmark problems by the CCS researchers worldwide: (a) Study of CO2 plume evolution and leakage through an abandoned well, (b) Study of enhanced CH4 recovery in combination with CO2 storage in depleted gas reservoirs, and (c) Study of CO2 injection into a heterogeneous geological formation. Our results of these simulations are in excellent agreement with those of other researchers obtained with different codes. The validated code has been employed to optimize the proposed water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection scheme for (a) a vertical CO2 injection well and (b) a horizontal CO2 injection well, for optimizing the CO2 sequestration capacity of an aquifer. These optimized calculations are compared with the brute force nearly optimized results obtained by performing a large number of calculations. These comparisons demonstrate the significant efficiency and accuracy of GATOUGH2 as an optimizer for TOUGH2. This capability holds a great promise in studying a host of other problems in CO2 sequestration such as how to optimally accelerate the capillary trapping, accelerate the dissolution of CO2 in water or brine, and immobilize the CO2 plume.

scholarly journals CO2 sequestration-EOR in Yanchang oilfield, China: Estimation of CO2 storage capacity using a two-stage well test

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahab Honari ◽  
Jim Underschultz ◽  
Xingjin Wang ◽  
Andrew Garnett ◽  
Xiangzeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Two Stage

scholarly journals Static and Dynamic Estimates of CO2-Storage Capacity in Two Saline Formations in the UK

SPE Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 1108-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.. Jin ◽  
G.. Pickup ◽  
E.. Mackay ◽  
A.. Todd ◽  
M.. Sohrabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Static Method ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Aquifer Storage ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Migration Pathways

Summary Estimation of carbon dioxide (CO2)-storage capacity is a key step in the appraisal of CO2-storage sites. Different calculation methods may lead to widely diverging values. The compressibility method is a commonly used static method for estimating storage capacity of saline aquifers: It is simple, is easy to use, and requires a minimum of input data. Alternatively, a numerical reservoir simulation provides a dynamic method that includes Darcy flow calculations. More input data are required for dynamic simulation, and it is more computationally intensive, but it takes into account migration pathways and dissolution effects, so it is generally more accurate and more useful. For example, the CO2-migration plume may be used to identify appropriate monitoring techniques, and the analysis of the trapping mechanism for a certain site will help to optimize well location and the injection plan. Two hypothetical saline-aquifer storage sites in the UK, one in Lincolnshire and the other in the Firth of Forth, were analyzed. The Lincolnshire site has a comparatively simple geology, while the Forth site has a more complex geology. For each site, both static- and dynamic-capacity calculations were performed. In the static method, CO2 was injected until the average pressure reached a critical value. In the migration-monitoring case, CO2 was injected for 15 years, and was followed by a closure period lasting thousands of years. The fraction of dissolved CO2 and the fraction immobilized by pore-scale trapping were calculated. The results of both geological systems show that the migration of CO2 is strongly influenced by the local heterogeneity. The calculated storage efficiency for the Lincolnshire site varied between 0.34% and 0.65% of the total pore-volume, depending on whether the system boundaries were considered open or closed. Simulation of the deeper, more complex Forth geological system gave storage capacities as high as 1.05%. This work was part of the CO2-Aquifer-Storage Site Evaluation and Monitoring (CASSEM) integrated study to derive methodologies for assessment of CO2 storage in saline formations. Although static estimates are useful for initial assessment when fewer data are available, we demonstrate the value of performing dynamic storage calculations and the opportunities to identify mechanisms for optimizing the storage capacity.

CO2 Sequestration-EOR in a Tight Oil Reservoir: Estimation of Dynamic CO2 Storage Capacity Using a Two-Stage Well Test

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahab Honari ◽  
Jim Underschultz ◽  
Andrew Garnett ◽  
Xingjin Wang ◽  
Xiangzeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Tight Oil ◽  
Oil Reservoir ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Tight Oil Reservoir

scholarly journals Potential of the Middle Cambrian Aquifer for Carbon Dioxide Storage in the Baltic States

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3681
Author(s):  
Jānis Krūmiņš ◽  
Māris Kļaviņš ◽  
Aija Dēliņa ◽  
Raivo Damkevics ◽  
Valdis Segliņš
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Geological Characteristics ◽  
The Baltic

The importance of CO2 removal from the atmosphere has long been an essential topic due to climate change. In this paper, the authors aim to demonstrate the suitability of the underground reservoirs for CO2 storage based on their geological characteristics. The research addressed the potential of geological formations for fossil CO2 storage in the Baltic States to support the goal of achieving carbon neutrality in the region. The geological, technical, and economic feasibility for CO2 storage has been assessed in terms of carbon sequestration in geological structures and the legal framework for safe geological storage of fossil CO2. Results indicate that prospective structural traps in the Baltic States, with reasonable capacity for CO2 storage, occur only in Southwestern Latvia (onshore) and in the Baltic Sea (offshore), whilst other regions in the Baltics either do not meet basic geological requirements, or have no economically feasible capacity for CO2 storage. Based on the examination of geological characteristics, the most fitting is the middle Cambrian reservoir in the Baltic sedimentary basin, and one of the most prospective structural traps is the geological structure of Dobele, with an estimated storage capacity of 150 Mt CO2. This study revealed that the storage capacity of the middle Cambrian reservoir (up to 1000 Mt CO2) within the borders of Southwestern Latvia is sufficient for carbon capture and safe storage for the whole Baltic region, and that geological structures in Latvia have the capacity to store all fossil CO2 emissions produced by stationary sources in the Baltic States for several decades.

scholarly journals A Hierarchical Framework for CO2 Storage Capacity in Deep Saline Aquifer Formations

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wei ◽  
Xiaochun Li ◽  
Zhunsheng Jiao ◽  
Philip H. Stauffer ◽  
Shengnan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Saline Aquifers ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Risk Regulation ◽  
Deep Saline Aquifer ◽  
Aquifer Storage ◽  
Hierarchical Framework

Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage in deep saline aquifers is a vital option for CO2 mitigation at a large scale. Determining storage capacity is one of the crucial steps toward large-scale deployment of CO2 storage. Results of capacity assessments tend toward a consensus that sufficient resources are available in saline aquifers in many parts of the world. However, current CO2 capacity assessments involve significant inconsistencies and uncertainties caused by various technical assumptions, storage mechanisms considered, algorithms, and data types and resolutions. Furthermore, other constraint factors (such as techno-economic features, site suitability, risk, regulation, social-economic situation, and policies) significantly affect the storage capacity assessment results. Consequently, a consensus capacity classification system and assessment method should be capable of classifying the capacity type or even more related uncertainties. We present a hierarchical framework of CO2 capacity to define the capacity types based on the various factors, algorithms, and datasets. Finally, a review of onshore CO2 aquifer storage capacity assessments in China is presented as examples to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed hierarchical framework.

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